scholarly journals Conversion therapies and access to transition-related healthcare in transgender people: a narrative systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e022425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talen Wright ◽  
Bridget Candy ◽  
Michael King
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Access Barriers ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
And Gender

ObjectivesConversion is a term for treatments that seek to suppress or change a person’s sexual orientation or gender. Our review focuses on transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) people. Our aims were to (1) describe the frequency, nature and structure of conversion practices; (2) document difficulties in accessing transition-related healthcare and (3) evaluate the mental health consequences of such practices and access barriers.MethodSystematic review and narrative synthesis using the Critical Appraisals Skills Programme and Joanne Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Data sources include Embase, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, PsychARTICLES and Web of Science between 1990 and June 2017.ParticipantsStudies were included that (1) document use of conversion therapies or access barriers to transition-related healthcare; and/or (2) describe how such therapeutic practices and access barriers have been applied and/or (3) evaluate the mental health impacts of such therapies and difficulties accessing transition-related healthcare. Two reviewers screened papers for eligibility. Data were then grouped according to the objectives. Narratives and themes were presented per study.ResultsSeven studies met inclusion criteria. Four reports were on ‘realignment’, involving case studies or case series. Two involved psychoanalysis, one self-exposure therapy and one open-ended play psychotherapy. All four studies concerning ‘realignment’ were of poor methodological quality. The other three studies explored access barriers from the view point of TGD youth, their parents and healthcare providers. All papers reported access barriers, such as inability to access puberty-delaying medications. The papers concerning barriers to access were of good methodological quality.ConclusionWe found limited published evidence on use, nature, structure and/or health consequences of conversion therapies and access barriers to transition in TGD people. However, reports of restriction to access may indicate a more widespread problem. Research is needed into TGD people’s experiences of conversion therapy and access barriers to transition-related healthcareTrial registration numberCRD42017062149.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Pediatric and Adolescent Concussion in Action Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8728
Author(s):  
Francesco Feletti ◽  
Matteo Bonato
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Action Sports ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Definition Of

Background: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence of concussion risk in youth athletes involved in action sports (AS). Methods: A search of PubMed and Web of Science (from January 1980 to August 2020). Titles, abstracts, and full text were screened according to predefined inclusion criteria to find relevant studies. Moreover, the methodological quality of the studies selected was assessed. Results: Nineteen of 1.619 studies were included in the systematic review and 14 in the meta-analysis. Motocross, sailing and snowboarding presented the highest incidence rates per 1000 athlete exposure at 39.22, 3.73 and 2.77 respectively, whereas alpine skiing had the lowest incidence rates resulting in 0.30. Overall risk of concussion was estimated at 0.33 (CI: 0.22, 0.45). Regarding the methodological quality, we have to report that 26.3% of the studies reported the definition of concussion while 36.8% presented age and gender-specific incidence rates. The mechanism of injury and follow up were reported only in one study. Conclusions: There are significant differences in the rates of incident youth concussion across AS. Despite some limitations, the data from this research can serve as the current sport-specific baseline risk of concussion among youth athletes who practice action sports.

scholarly journals The mental health of transgender and gender non-conforming people in China: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e954-e969
Author(s):  
Yezhe Lin ◽  
Hui Xie ◽  
Zimo Huang ◽  
Quan Zhang ◽  
Amanda Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Improving mental health and wellbeing among sexual and gender minorities using digital interventions: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Tasnim ◽  
Nusrat Fahmida Trisha ◽  
Qiping Fan ◽  
Abida Sultana ◽  
Shayla Haque Mishu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
English Language ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
And Gender

Background:High burden of mental disorders among sexual minorities including lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender population is well documented. Digital platforms are increasingly being used by sexual minorities to communicate with each other, but there is no systematic review of digital interventions that can improve mental health among sexual minorities. This systematic review identified and evaluated the digital interventions for mental health among different sexual minorities.Methodology:We searched literature from six major databases and included studies published in the English language, describing interventions that have a component to improve mental health among any of the sexual minorities delivered through any of the digital platforms, and reporting mental health outcomes.Results:Among 1936 citations, only 11 studies fulfilled our criteria. In those studies, most (n=9) interventions were implemented in the U.S. The interventions included varying components including on increasing acceptance and affirmation, increase social support and health education, cognitive behavioral therapy to manage stress, depression, anxiety and other mental health conditions. Only 6 studies had randomized control design. Most of the studies reported reduction in bi/homonegativity and increased affirmation, decreased smoking and substance abuse, improved coping skills, reduced level of depression, anxiety, and stress among participants in the intervention groups.Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review that evaluated digital intervention for mental health among sexual and gender minorities. Despite a low number of studies and heterogeneity across studies, the findings suggest potential improvements in mental health among sexual and gender minorities using digital interventions.

scholarly journals Eruptive Seborrheic Keratoses Are Associated With a Co-Occurring Malignancy in the Majority of Reported Cases: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 120347542110351
Author(s):  
Sara Mirali ◽  
Asfandyar Mufti ◽  
Rafael Paolo Lansang ◽  
Muskaan Sachdeva ◽  
Jensen Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Seborrheic Keratoses

Background Eruptive seborrheic keratoses (ESK) is a benign skin condition that has been associated with malignant and nonmalignant diseases. We conducted a systematic review of reported cases of ESK to identify and summarize associated comorbidities. Methods MEDLINE and Embase were searched from database inception (1946) to July 31, 2020 for original articles describing ESK with or without a co-occurring condition. Subject demographics, as well as details of ESK and associated diagnoses were extracted from 76 articles (70 case reports, 3 case series, 3 case control studies) representing 92 patients. Results In total, 76.1% ( n = 70/92) of patients with ESK had a co-occurring malignancy, 4.3% ( n = 4/92) presented with a nonmalignant condition, 9.8% ( n = 9/92) experienced ESK as an adverse drug reaction, and 9.8% ( n = 9/92) did not report any underlying medical condition. ESK preceded a cancer diagnosis in 76.1% ( n = 70/92) of patients with a mean latency period of 4.0 months (range: 0.25-9 months). The most common malignancies associated with ESK were cutaneous T-cell lymphoma ( n = 10/70, 14.3%) and gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma ( n = 9/70, 12.9%). ESK preceded nonmalignant conditions or no disease in 14.1% ( n = 13/92) of patients with a mean latency period of 3.1 months (range: 0.75-6 months). Drug-induced ESK occurred in 9.8% ( n = 9/92) of patients with a mean latency period of 7.1 weeks after changing medication. Conclusion Although the role of ESK as a paraneoplastic cutaneous marker is debated, healthcare providers should consider screening for underlying malignancy in patients presenting with ESK. Larger studies are needed to confirm its role as a marker for disease.

Black U.S. Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
Jonathan Mathias Lassiter ◽  
Lourdes Dolores Follins ◽  
Stacy W. Smallwood ◽  
Leo Wilton ◽  
Alishia Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

This chapter provides a comprehensive and nuanced review and critique of the extant scholarship related to Black sexual and gender minority (SGM) mental health in the United States. The authors highlight the determinants of mental health, the prevalence of mental health problems and inequities, and protective and resilience factors related to Black SGM mental health within five different subgroups: transgender people, intersex people, bisexual people, lesbians, and gay/same-gender-loving men. An intersectional approach is used to draw attention to how racial, gender, socioeconomic, and sexual orientation identities at the individual level influence experiences of oppression at the structural level to synergistically impact mental health. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the gaps in the literature related to Black SGM mental health and recommendations for addressing them.

scholarly journals Role of maternal mental health disorders on stillbirth and infant mortality risk: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e036280
Author(s):  
Akilew A. Adane ◽  
Helen D. Bailey ◽  
Rhonda Marriott ◽  
Brad M. Farrant ◽  
Scott W. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
English Language ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Health Disorders

IntroductionMaternal mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression are major public health concerns. Evidence shows a link between maternal mental health disorders and preterm birth and low birth weight. However, the impacts of maternal mental health disorders on stillbirth and infant mortality have been less investigated and inconsistent findings have been reported. Thus, using the available literature, we plan to examine whether prenatal maternal mental health disorders impact the risk of stillbirth and infant mortality.Methods and analysisThis systematic review and meta-analysis will adhere to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and will be registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. Systematic searches will be conducted (from database inception to December 2019) in Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Scopus for studies examining the association of prenatal mental health disorders and stillbirth and infant mortality. The search will be limited to studies published in English language and in humans only, with no restriction on the year of publication. Two independent reviewers will evaluate records and assess the quality of individual studies. The Newcastle–Ottawa scales and GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) approach will be used to assess the methodological quality and bias of the included studies. In addition to a narrative synthesis, a random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted when sufficient data are available. I2 statistics will be used to assess between-study heterogeneity in the estimated effect size.Ethics and disseminationAs it will be a systematic review and meta-analysis based on previously published evidence, there will be no requirement for ethical approval. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented at various conferences.PROSPERO registration number159834.

Mental health consequences of exercise withdrawal: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali A. Weinstein ◽  
Christine Koehmstedt ◽  
Willem J. Kop
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Consequences

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. flgastro-2020-101529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony K Akobeng ◽  
Ciaran Grafton-Clarke ◽  
Ibtihal Abdelgadir ◽  
Erica Twum-Barimah ◽  
Morris Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Gastrointestinal Manifestations ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

ObjectivesTo summarise the published evidence on the gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 in children and to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and the WHO’s database of publications on novel coronavirus. We included English language studies that had described original demographic and clinical characteristics of children diagnosed with COVID-19 and reported on the presence or absence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effects model. The pooled prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms was expressed as proportion and 95% CI.ResultsThe search identified 269 citations. Thirteen studies (nine case series and four case reports) comprising data for 284 patients were included. Overall, we rated four studies as having a low risk of bias, eight studies as moderate and one study as high risk of bias. In a meta-analysis of nine studies, comprising 280 patients, the pooled prevalence of all gastrointestinal symptoms was 22.8% (95% CI 13.1% to 35.2%; I2=54%). Diarrhoea was the most commonly reported gastrointestinal symptom followed by vomiting and abdominal pain.ConclusionsNearly a quarter of children with COVID-19 have gastrointestinal symptoms. It is important for clinicians to be aware of the gastrointestinal manifestation of COVID-19.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020177569.

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