scholarly journals Changes in conventional cardiovascular risk factors and the estimated 10-year risk of acute myocardial infarction or cerebral stroke in Sami and non-Sami populations in two population-based cross-sectional surveys: the SAMINOR Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e028939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Ragnhild Andersdatter Siri ◽  
Bent Martin Eliassen ◽  
Bjarne K Jacobsen ◽  
Marita Melhus ◽  
Ann Ragnhild Broderstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveTo describe changes in cardiovascular risk factors and in the estimated 10-year risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or cerebral stroke (CS) between SAMINOR 1 (2003–2004) and SAMINOR 2 (2012–2014), and explore if these changes differed between Sami and non-Sami.DesignTwo cross-sectional surveys.SettingInhabitants of rural Northern Norway.ParticipantsParticipants were aged 40–79 years and participated in SAMINOR 1 (n=6417) and/or SAMINOR 2 (n=5956).Primary outcome measuresGeneralised estimating equation regressions with an interaction term were used to estimate and compare changes in cardiovascular risk factors and 10-year risk of AMI or CS between the two surveys and by ethnicity.ResultsMean cholesterol declined by 0.50, 0.43 and 0.60 mmol/L in women, Sami men and non-Sami men, respectively (all p<0.001). Sami men had a small decline in mean high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and an increase in mean triglycerides (both p<0.001), whereas non-Sami showed no change in these variables. Non-Sami women had an increase in mean HDL cholesterol (p<0.001) whereas Sami women had no change. Triglycerides did not change in non-Sami and Sami women. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure declined by 3.6 and 1.0 mm Hg in women, and 3.1 and 0.7 in men, respectively (all p<0.01). Mean waist circumference increased by 6.7 and 5.9 cm in women and men, respectively (both p<0.001). The odds of being a smoker declined by 35% in women and 46% in men (both p<0.001). Estimated 10-year risk of AMI or CS decreased in all strata of sex and ethnicity (p<0.001), however, Sami women had a smaller decline than non-Sami did.ConclusionsIndependent of ethnicity, there was a decline in mean cholesterol, blood pressure, smoking, hypertension (women only) and 10-year risk of AMI or CS, but waist circumference increased. Relatively minor ethnic differences were found in changes of cardiovascular risk factors.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Colombian Penitentiary Staff: An Interdisciplinary View of a High-Risk Occupation

2021 ◽  
pp. 154041532110438
Author(s):  
Luz Mery Contreras-Ramos ◽  
Omar Alberto Domínguez Amorocho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Cardiovascular risk factors have been measured under different conditions, there is some missing information related to specific occupations, such as penitentiary staff which due to their characteristics could have an increased cardiovascular risk. Objective: To determine cardiovascular risk factors on military staff from penitentiary institutions in Santander—Colombia. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with 182 workers. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, serum lipid profile, and glucose levels were measured. Univariate and bivariate analyses were carried out to establish differences between individuals. Results: Anthropometric and biochemical measures showed that 71.3% participants were overweight or obese, 29.4% presented high blood pressure with increased levels of total cholesterol (27.5%), triglycerides (40.7%), glucose (9.3%), and 84.1% presented low levels of HDL cholesterol. Bivariate analysis found a negative correlation between BMI and HDL cholesterol ( p < .05) and a positive correlation between BMI with triglycerides ( p < .01), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ( p < .01). Conclusion: The studied military population presented increased levels of cardiovascular risk in comparison with a similar group in age, gender of nonmilitary individuals. However, it is important to carry out comparative studies between military staff in order to determine the prevalence and other risk predicting factors present in this specific population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors amongst teaching staff of IIMSR medical college, Badnapur, Jalna, Maharashtra

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3877
Author(s):  
Sujata N. Muneshwar ◽  
Mohd. Shafee ◽  
Purushottam A. Giri ◽  
Pankaj R. Gangwal ◽  
Sadaf Doctor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death globally. The cause of heart attacks and strokes are due to combination of risk factors- tobacco use, unhealthy diet, obesity, physical inactivity, alcohol use, hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidaemia. Most cardiovascular diseases can be prevented by addressing these behavioural risk factors. The objectives were to study the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among teaching staff and to know the association of age and gender with cardiovascular risk factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out amongst teaching staff of IIMSR Medical College, Badnapur, Jalna, Maharashtra during the period of August to October 2016. All teaching staff of IIMSR Medical College was included in this study by purposive sampling method. Total number of staff who was more than 30 years of age was 80. The study was performed on 71 teaching staff as 9 denied participating (71 out of 80). Clinical parameters including weight, height, blood pressure and waist circumference was recorded. Blood sample was also collected. Statistical analysis was done by using appropriate statistical test like mean, percentage, standard deviation, student’s t test and chi square test. Results: Majority participants were male 50 (70.42%). The mean age of male was 42.6±13.4 yrs and female was 37.05±9.64 yrs. The mean weight (76.2±12.9), mean waist circumference (92.0±12.1) and mean BMI (27.02±4.44) were above the normal range amongst male participants. The mean height, mean weight, mean waist circumference, mean SBP, mean DBP, mean RBS, mean creatinine and mean BMI values were higher in males as compared to females. The difference was statistically significant. Hypertension was more common in older age with raised diastolic blood pressure which signifies that age is one of the most important risk factor. Conclusions: This study showed a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and signifies the importance of health awareness among the staff members regarding the various cardiovascular risk factors. 

scholarly journals Examining associations between dietary patterns and metabolic CVD risk factors: a novel use of structural equation modelling

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 1586-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Alessandra Castro ◽  
Valéria Troncoso Baltar ◽  
Dirce Maria Marchioni ◽  
Regina Mara Fisberg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Equation Modelling

AbstractThe association between dietary patterns and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors has long been addressed but there is a lack of evidence towards the effects of the overall diet on the complex net of biological inter-relationships between risk factors. This study aimed to derive dietary patterns and examine their associations with metabolic cardiovascular risk factors following a theoretic model for the relationship between them. Participants included 417 adults of both sexes, enrolled to the cross-sectional population-based study performed in Brazil. Body weight, waist circumference, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, blood pressure, total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio, TAG:HDL-cholesterol ratio, fasting plasma glucose and serum leptin were evaluated. Food consumption was assessed by two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls adjusted for the within-person variation of intake. A total of three dietary patterns were derived by exploratory structural equation modelling: ‘Traditional’, ‘Prudent’ and ‘Modern’. The ‘Traditional’ pattern had a negative and direct effect on obesity indicators (serum LEP, body weight and waist circumference) and negative indirect effects on total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio, TAG:HDL-cholesterol ratio and fasting plasma glucose. The ‘Prudent’ pattern had a negative and direct effect on systolic blood pressure. No association was observed for the ‘Modern’ pattern and metabolic risk factors. In conclusion, the ‘Traditional’ and ‘Prudent’ dietary patterns were negatively associated with metabolic cardiovascular risk factors among Brazilian adults. Their apparent protective effects against obesity and high blood pressure may be important non-pharmacological strategies for the prevention and control of obesity-related metabolic disorders and CVD.

scholarly journals Level aktifitas fisik dan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler pada karyawan kantor di universitas

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Febriani Fajar Ekawati ◽  
Tri Winarti Rahayu ◽  
Hendrig Joko Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Employees

Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama di dunia. Kurangnya aktivitas fisik dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit ini. Meskipun telah banyak penelitian yang menyelidiki tentang hubungan aktivitas fisik dan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler, hanya terdapat beberapa penelitian di Indonesia yang menelaah tentang peran aktivitas fisik dalam perkembangan penyakit kardiovaskuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang tingkat aktivitas fisik dan menyelidiki hubungannya dengan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler pada karyawan kantor di lingkungan Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian potong lintang, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 orang. Data level aktivitas fisik diperoleh dari International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Sedangkan faktor-faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler (gula darah, kolesterol, tekanan darah, lingkar pinggang, dan IMT) diukur dengan menggunakan alat ukur yang sesuai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa level aktivitas fisik karyawan berkategori Rendah sebesar 6.82%, Sedang sebesar 72.73%, dan Tinggi sebesar 20.45%. Berdasarkan uji Pearson Correlation, tekanan darah baik sistolik dan diastolik mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan level aktivitas fisik. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara level aktivitas fisik dengan faktor risiko lainnya dalam penelitian ini. Secara umum penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa level aktivitas fisik karyawan di lingkungan UNS adalah berkategori sedang, dan tekanan darah mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan aktivitas fisik. Physical activity level and cardiovascular risk factors among university employees AbstractNoncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) are one of the leading deaths in the world. Insufficiency of physical activity (PA) escalate the risk of NCDs. Although the reports of the studies investigating the relationship between PA and cardiovascular risk factors are abundance, only a few studies in Indonesia examined the role of PA in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to describe the level of PA and investigate the relationships between PA and cardiovascular risk factors among UNS employees. This was a cross sectional study with a sample of 44 university employees. PA level was assessed using IPAQ. Meanwhile cardiovascular risk factors such as plasma glucose, cholesterol, blood pressure, waist circumference, and BMI were measured using an appropriate tool for each measure. The results revealed that participants with low level of PA (6.82%), moderate category (72.73%), and high category (20.45%). Pearson Correlation analysis showed blood pressure both systolic and diastolic had a significant association with PA level. There was no a significant association between PA level and others cardiovascular risk factors in this research. Generally, this study exhibited the level of PA among UNS employees in the moderate category, and blood pressure had a significant association with PA.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Clinical History, Sociodemographic, Behavioural Factors and Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Hypertensive in Awka, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Chidinma Ifeyinwa Mmaju ◽  
Peter Osezele Okonudo ◽  
Gladys Ahaneku ◽  
Ufoaroh Chinyelu Uchenna
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and research studies done in Nigeria observed prevalence rate of hypertension to range from 26.4% to 36.9%. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral and cardiovascular risk factors associated with hypertension in Awka, South East, Nigeria. Methods: Cross-sectional study was used.391 participants aged from 18 years above were recruited for this study. Structured questionnaires were constructed in line with World Health Organization Step approach was utilized for data collection. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and Diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Chi-square and independent sample T test were used to test comparison between two groups. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 45.87±17. 49.33.7% of retired subjects has the highest prevalence was statistically associated with hypertension in occupational status of the subjects, marital status was statically significant with hypertension and prevalence of hypertension among the subjects were 81.1%, 8.5%, 8.6% for married, single and divorcee respectively, (P<0.001) and also no association was observed between hypertension and subjects that occasionally use high salt often(x2=0.341, P>0.001). Conclusion: The study showed that age, family history of hypertension, consistent increase in blood pressure, occupational and marital status are associated risk factors of hypertension in Awka, South East, Nigeria. There is need to create awareness on the risk factors and encourage changes in sedentary life style.

scholarly journals Trends in prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension, awareness, treatment, control and cardiovascular risk factors in relatively large sample of Iranian menopausal women: 2001-2016

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Eghbali-Babadi ◽  
Alireza Khosravi ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Hassan Alikhasi ◽  
Narges Kheirollahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Hypertension Awareness

Abstract Background prehypertension and hypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Despite its importance, hypertension is often underestimated and undiagnosed, especially in women. This study was designed to determine trends in prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension, awareness, treatment, control and cardiovascular risk factors among the Iranian menopausal women. Methods This repeated Cross-sectional study was conducted on 8073 individuals which 1013 of these subjects were menopausal women older than 40, in Iran, in the years of 2001, 2007 and 2016. Samples were selected through random, multistage, cluster sampling. The data collected by the questionnaire included clinical information and blood pressure was determined via arm digital blood pressure monitors. Results The prevalence of hypertension was in the years 2001, 2007 and 2016, respectively % 52.6, % 49.0 and % 51.6, no significant changes were observed(p=0.628). The prevalence of Prehypertension over these years (% 56.6, %.53.3 and % 42.2) was significantly decreased (p=0.006). The Trends of awareness (p=0.015), treatment (p=0.009) and control (p<0.001) of hypertension in menopausal women with high blood pressure has significantly increased. Despite the increasing trends of drug treatment for hypertension, hypertension is uncontrolled in more than a third of subjects. Hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus and Body mass index increased significantly from 2001 to 2016 among the menopausal women. Conclusions The results showed that hypertension and Prehypertension are highly prevalent among Iranian menopausal women and markedly increased with age. Interventional population-based approaches are needed to improve knowledge and efficient practice that may help lower the risk for hypertension and CVD among this at risk population.

Usefulness of Calculation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors to Predict Outcomes in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 857-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Yeon Kim ◽  
Jang Hoon Lee ◽  
Se Yong Jang ◽  
Myung Hwan Bae ◽  
Dong Heon Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors
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