scholarly journals Study protocol for the assessment of nurses internal contamination by antineoplastic drugs in hospital centres: a cross-sectional multicentre descriptive study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e033040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Villa ◽  
Mathieu Molimard ◽  
Emmanuelle Bignon ◽  
Béatrice Martinez ◽  
Magali Rouyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Protocol ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Antineoplastic Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internal Contamination ◽  
Occupational Physicians ◽  
Occupational Risks

IntroductionAntineoplastic drugs (AD) are potentially carcinogenic and/or reprotoxic molecules. Healthcare professionals are increasingly exposed to these drugs and can be potentially contaminated by them. Internal contamination of professionals is a key concern for occupational physicians in the assessment and management of occupational risks in healthcare settings. Objectives of this study are to report AD internal contamination rate in nursing staff and to identify factors associated with internal contamination.Methods and analysisThis trial will be conducted in two French hospital centres: University Hospital of Bordeaux and IUCT-Oncopole of Toulouse. The target population is nurses practicing in one of the fifteen selected care departments where at least one of the five studied AD is handled (5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, methotrexate). The trial will be conducted with the following steps: (1) development of analytical methods to quantify AD urine biomarkers, (2) study of the workplace and organization around AD in each care department (transport and handling, professional practices, personal and collective protection equipments available) (3) development of a self-questionnaire detailing professional activities during the day of inclusion, (4) nurses inclusion (urine samples and self-questionnaire collection), (5) urine assays, (6) data analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the French Advisory Committee on the Treatment of Information in Health Research (CCTIRS) and by the French Data Protection Authority (CNIL). Following the opinion of the Regional Committee for the Protection of Persons, this study is outside the scope of the provisions governing biomedical research and routine care (n°2014/87). The results will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and reported at suitable national and international meetings.Trial registration numberNCT03137641.

scholarly journals Occupational Eye Trauma: a major public health issue in Rabat, Morocco

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y El Harrak ◽  
N Boutimzine ◽  
L O Cherkaoui
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Physicians ◽  
Eye Trauma ◽  
Consultation Time

Abstract Occupational eye trauma is a global cause of visual morbidity. According to the WHO, 55 million ocular lesions occur each year, and 1.6 million cases of total blindness caused by trauma. Although common in Morocco, these traumas have not been the subject of recent and targeted investigations. The objective of our work is to evaluate the frequency of occupational eye trauma per projectile, and to encourage the reinforcement of safety measures. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out in the Ophthalmic Emergency Department, at the University Hospital of Rabat, Morocco, and including all patients who presented to the same doctor’s consultation, between December 2016 and December 2018. The study involved 914 patients, 406 women and 508 men, with an average age of 36. The average consultation time is 35 days after the onset of symptomatology. In 2 years, and out of 914 people, 382 (42%) are victims of ocular trauma; and 167 are victims of projectile eye trauma during professional practice, an overall prevalence of 18%, or 51% of all trauma. The average age was 32 years, 92% of males. The average consultation time was 2 days after the accident. In addition, 75% of consultants for occupational eye trauma have a similar history of trauma, 3 out of 4 people. As a consequence, the study shows that 85% of these patients had a superficial corneal foreign body; 11% presented with a corneal ulcer without individualization of a foreign body; while 4% of these had a corneal wound, an intraocular foreign body and posttraumatic retinal detachment. Therefore, eye trauma is a real public health problem. They account for 42% of consultations, half of which are associated with professional activities, mainly affecting young and active men. If they are benign in most cases, these traumas can nevertheless cause blindness in 4%. The high number of recidivism (75%) highlights the lack of awareness of the target population for better prevention. Key messages The results of this work prove that occupational ocular trauma, avoidable circumstances, are however frequent in our context and can cause severe lesions, with a reserved prognosis. Workplaces with a high risk of eye trauma should strengthen their protective measures and training programs should be put in place for both workers and occupational physicians.

scholarly journals Prevalence of tobacco consumption among young physicians at a regional university hospital in southern Spain: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e018728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Ranchal Sánchez ◽  
Luis Ángel Pérula de Torres ◽  
Francisco Santos Luna ◽  
Roger Ruiz-Moral
Keyword(s):  
Role Model ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Regional University ◽  
Young Physicians

IntroductionThe aim of the study is to analyse the prevalence of smoking among resident physicians at a regional university hospital. In addition, we examined the trends in the smoking behaviour of physicians in relation to results obtained in other studies carried out previously at this hospital, as well as those published nationally and internationallyMethodA cross-sectional observational study evaluating tobacco consumption in young physicians was carried out at the level of secondary healthcare in a regional university hospital in Cordoba, Spain. All the study subjects were resident physicians who underwent a mandatory preliminary occupational health examination between 2012 and 2016. There was no sampling selection as anyone who took this examination was considered to be within the target population. We calculated the proportions of smokers, former smokers and non-smokers, with 95% CIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses (binary logistic regression) were used to analyse the results (P<0.05).ResultsThe response rate was 99.4%, with a sample size of 324 out of a possible 326 physicians. The average age was 28.6±3.7—DT—(95% CI 28.2 to 29.0), and 62.3% (202/324; 95% CI 57.3 to 67.2) were women. Smoking prevalence was 6.5% (21/324; 95% CI 3.5 to 9.3) with a further 5.2% (17/324; 95% CI 2.7 to 7.8) being ex-smokers. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of tobacco consumption according to age (P=0.266), sex (9.0% for men and 5.0% for women; P=0.128), medical specialty (P=0.651) or year of residency (P=0.975). A 52.7% decline in the number of young physician smokers was noted between 1986 and 2016 (95% CI −44.0 to −63.5), together with a 64.4% increase in non-smokers (95% CI 55.2 to 77.3).ConclusionsWe observed a significantly low prevalence of tobacco use among trainee physicians in the cohort, an effect of new antismoking laws, with positive role model implications for new physicians and medical students.

scholarly journals The association between alexithymia and two dimensions of major depressive disorder: cognitive and somatic-affective

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Maja Vilibić ◽  
Anita Dostal ◽  
Dalibor Karlović
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
False Discovery Rate ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
False Discovery

Aim: To explore the association between alexithymia and two dimensions of major depressive disorder (MDD): cognitive and somatic-affective. Patients and methods. Unicentric, cross-sectional study included consecutive sample of 63 patients at the Department of Psychiatry (DoP), Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia. Target population included outpatients with diagnosed MDD (F32 and F33, according to ICD-10). Inclusion criteria were: confirmed MDD diagnosis, age between 18 and 65 years, both genders, outpatient treatment at the DoP. The main outcome was the association between alexithymia, measured by total score on 20-item Toronto-Alexithymia scale (TAS-20), with two dimensions of MDD, cognitive and somatic-affective, measured by Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Results: Both dimensions of BDI-II and the total severity of MDD symptoms were statistically significantly, although low, associated with alexithymia, and the differences between these two correlations were not (statistically) significant. However, in the multivariable model, the cognitive dimension (b = 0.64; β = 0.48; p = 0.002; statistically significant at the false discovery rate of 0.05) was primarily associated with alexithymia, and the somatic-affective was not, after all cognitive aspects were controlled for (b = -0.19; β = 0-0.14; p = 0.491; not statistically significant, with the false discovery rate of 0.05). Conclusion: Alexithymia is primarily associated with a pure cognitive dimension of MDD after somatic-affective elements are excluded. Somatic-affective dimension of MDD is not associated with alexithymia after the cognitive elements were controlled for. Both dimensions, as well as the overall severity of MDD, are associated with alexithymia, but this association is relatively low.

Dose-Corrected Serum Concentrations and Metabolite to Parent Compound Ratios of Venlafaxine and Risperidone from Childhood to Old Age

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Fekete ◽  
Maike Scherf-Clavel ◽  
Stefan Unterecker ◽  
Karin Egberts ◽  
Manfred Gerlach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parent Compound ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Comparative Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The University

Abstract Objective Comparative pharmacokinetic data about the antidepressant venlafaxine (VEN) and the antipsychotic drug risperidone (RIS) over the lifespan and especially in children and adolescents is lacking. This is the first cross-sectional study that aimed to investigate differences in dose-corrected serum concentrations (CDs) and metabolite to parent compound ratios (MPRs) of VEN and RIS across the lifespan. Methods Patients treated with VEN and RIS at the University Hospital of Würzburg, Germany were included in the study. Serum level determinations were performed during clinical routine care. Patients with CYP2D6 influencing co-medication were excluded from analyses. Results In 953 patients (12–93 years) treated with VEN and 552 patients (7–92 years) treated with RIS, children/adolescents (<18 years) showed 11% and 19%, and 44% and 42% lower CDs of the active moieties (CDsAM) of VEN and RIS than adults and elderly (≥60 years) (Kruskal-Wallis tests; p ≤ 0.001). However, when CDs were normalized to body weight, a different pattern emerged. Gender differences, with higher CDsAM in females were present in adults and elderlies but not in children/adolescents. No gender- or age-dependent difference in MPRs was found; however, 80% of MPRs of RIS in children/adolescents were below the range of “normal” CYP2D6 function for adults. Conclusions We suggest a higher clearance as a reason for lower CDsAM of VEN and RIS in children/adolescents compared to adults/elderlies. Metabolism of VEN or RIS by CYP2D6, characterized by MPRs, was not associated with age. However, MPRs of RIS were lower in children/adolescents, possibly due to a higher renal clearance of 9-OH-risperidone.

scholarly journals Exposição das Equipes de Enfermagem aos Riscos Ocupacionais Causados por Resíduos Biológicos no Hospital Universitário em São Luís do Maranhão, Brasil

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-267
Author(s):  
Helone Eloísa Frazão Guimarães Faray ◽  
Everton Ferreira Lemos ◽  
Rosemary Matias ◽  
Arlindo Faray Vieira ◽  
Eduardo de Castro Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Assistants ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
The University ◽  
Nursing Professionals

As atividades de trabalho dos profissionais de enfermagem estão sujeitas a riscos e situações geradoras de desgaste do profissional, contribuindo para ocorrência de doenças e contaminação do ambiente. Objetivou-se analisar os riscos ocupacionais relacionados aos resíduos biológicos hospitalares presentes no cotidiano das equipes de enfermagem dos diferentes setores hospitalares do cuidado à criança, associado ao tempo de serviço. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza aplicada com abordagem quantitativa de caráter descritivo exploratório, transversal, realizada no Hospital Universitário em São Luís do Maranhão, onde a equipe de enfermagem é composta por enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem. Foi aplicado questionários a 98 profissionais de enfermagem que compõem a unidade de saúde da criança do hospital universitário em São Luís do Maranhão, no ano de 2018. Em relação aos acidentes de trabalho sofridos pelos profissionais que possuem menos de cinco anos de serviço, a categoria enfermeiro apresentou maior percentual (31,6%), seguido pelo técnico de enfermagem (21,6%). A maioria dos trabalhadores (75,6%) que relataram ter recebido treinamento em serviço não se acidentaram. Medidas preventivas e estratégias de educação em saúde devem ser assimiladas entre profissionais de enfermagem, sobre o manejo adequado de resíduos e incentivar a implementação de precauções para minimizar a ocorrência de agravos que comprometem a saúde e atividades laborais desenvolvidas no seu ambiente, bem como orientações sobre as consequências dos acidentes de trabalho.   Palavras-chave: Acidentes de Trabalho. Enfermagem. Ambiente Hospitalar.  Abstract The work activities of nursing professionals are subject to risks and situations that generate professional wear, contributing to the occurrence of diseases and the environment contamination. The objective was to analyze the occupational risks related to hospital biological waste present in the daily lives of nursing teams from different childcare sectors hospital. It is a research of an applied nature with a quantitative approach of an exploratory, cross-sectional descriptive character, carried out at the University Hospital in São Luís do Maranhão, where the nursing team is composed of nurses, technicians and nursing assistants. Questionnaires were applied to 98 nursing professionals who made up the child health unit of the university hospital in São Luís do Maranhão, in the year 2018. Regarding occupational accidents suffered by professionals who have less than five years of service, the category of nurse presented a higher percentage (31.6%) followed by a nursing technician (21.6%). Most workers (75.6%) who reported having received on-the-job training did not have an accident. Preventive measures and health education strategies must be assimilated among nursing professionals, regarding the adequate waste management and encourage the  precautions implementation to minimize the occurrence of injuries that compromise health and work activities carried out in their environment, as well as guidance on the consequences of accidents at work.   Keywords: Accidents at Work. Nursing. Hospital Environment.

Contamination of Healthcare Workers' Hands with Clostridium difficile Spores after Caring for Patients with C. difficile Infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Landelle ◽  
M. Verachten ◽  
P. Legrand ◽  
E. Girou ◽  
F. Barbut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Unexposed Group ◽  
Fecal Soiling

Objective.We determined the percentage of healthcare workers' (HCWs') hands contaminated with Clostridium difficile spores after caring for patients with C. difficile infection (CDI) and risk factors associated with contamination.Design.Prospective study.Setting.A French university hospital.Methods.We compared the hand contamination rate among HCWs caring for patients with CDI (exposed group; n = 66) with that among an unexposed group (n = 44). Spores of C. difficile were recovered from the hands of HCWs after rubbing their fingers and palms in alcohol shortly after patient care. Associations between hand contamination and HCW category, type (patient or environment), and risk level (high or low risk) of HCW contacts and their respective duration as well as use of gloves were analyzed by bivariate and multivariate analysis.Results.C. difficile spores were detected on 24% of HCWs' hands in the exposed group and on 0% in the unexposed group (P < .001). In the exposed group, logistic regression, which adjusted for high-risk contact (ie, exposure to fecal soiling), contact with the environment, and contact with or without use of gloves, revealed that high-risk contact (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] per 1 contact increment, 2.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42–5.45; P = .003) and at least 1 contact without use of gloves (aOR, 6.26; 95% CI, 1.27–30.78; P = .02) were independently associated with HCW hand contamination by C. difficile spores.Conclusions.Nearly one-quarter of HCWs have hands contaminated with C. difficile spores after routine care of patients with CDI. Hand contamination is positively associated with exposure to fecal soiling and lack of glove use.

Postpartum Depression and Its Associated Factors among Women in Bandar Abbas City

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arefeh Shahi
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bandar Abbas

Background: Postpartum depression with a different incidence of 40- 45% in different societies, which it has adverse effects on the health of mothers and their child, given the negative effects of maternal depression and its harmful effects on the baby and the quality of family life. So, this study was performed with the aim to determine postpartum depression and its associated factors in Bandar Abbas city. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 after obtaining consent from mothers by the census. A total of 343 mothers was examined for depression who referred to Bandar Abbas health centers in the 2nd and 4th months after childbirth. The data collection tools included demographic information and Postpartum Depression Edinburgh questionnaires. Finally, the statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (version 22.0) software and data were analyzed using the Independent t-test, Mann Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher exact tests.Result: Totally, 68 (19.8%) of samples were in the second month and 54 (15.7%) in the fourth month after delivery had postpartum depression. The incidence of depression in the four months was 6.6%. There was a significant difference between depression and income, parental education, father’s use of cigarette and abnormalities of the infant (P <0.001). There was no significant difference between other factors such as gestational age, infant sex, birth weight, unwanted pregnancy, and type of delivery. Conclusion: Regarding the prevalence of this disorder, it seems that postpartum depression screening planning should be considered during child routine care as an essential component, especially for vulnerable groups.

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