scholarly journals Sex difference in incidence of gastric cancer: an international comparative study based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e033323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixia Lou ◽  
Linyan Wang ◽  
Yaoyi Zhang ◽  
Guofeng Chen ◽  
Lele Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Socioeconomical Status ◽  
Male To Female

ObjectivesTo investigate sex difference in global gastric cancer incidence by year, age and socioeconomical status.DesignAn international comparative study.SettingWe obtained the global and national sex-specific incidence of gastric caner by year and age from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The human development index (HDI) in 2017 as an indicator of national socioeconomical status was extracted from the Human Development Report.Main outcome measuresSex-specific incidence of gastric cancer was compared by year and age at the global level. Linear regression analyses were performed to explore socioeconomic-associated sex difference in gastric cancer incidence.ResultsDespite declining incidence of global gastric cancer in both sexes between 1990 and 2017, relative sex difference showed an increasing trend, with male to female ratios of age-standardised incidence rates (ASRs) rising from 1.86 to 2.20. Sex difference was almost negligible under 45 years of age and relative difference maximised in the age range of 65–69 years with male to female ratios of ASRs being 2.74. Both absolute sex difference (standardised β=0.256, p<0.001) and relative difference (standardised β=0.387, p<0.001) in ASRs were positively associated with HDI.ConclusionsThis study revealed that decreasing incidence of global gastric cancer was accompanied by widening sex difference in the past few decades. Men always had higher incidence than women. Greater sex difference was found in older age and in more developed countries. These findings highlight the importance of making sex-sensitive health policy to cope with the global gastric cancer burden.

scholarly journals Sex difference in the incidence of cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer in the United States, 1992-2014

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Yao ◽  
Xiaona Qi ◽  
Shao-Hua Xie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Cardia Cancer ◽  
Asian And Pacific Islanders ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Gastric cancer is more common in men than in women, but underlying reasons have not been completely understood. This study aimed to assess patterns of the sex difference in the incidence of gastric cancer in the United States.Methods Using data from 13 cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, we analyzed the age-specific sex difference in the incidence of gastric cancer by ethnicity, anatomic site and histological type in the United States during 1992-2014. We assessed the temporal trends in the sex differences in the incidence of gastric cancer during the study period.Results The male-to-female incidence ratio of cardia cancer increased with age until peaking at ages 55-69 years and decreased thereafter, while the ratio for non-cardia gastric cancer increased with age before ages <60 years and remained stable onwards. The age-specific patterns in the sex difference of gastric cancer incidence varied between intestinal and diffuse histological types. The sex difference in the incidence of cardia cancer remained relatively stable except for that the absolute difference between the sexes in whites decreased on average by 0.8% per year from 1992 to 2014. The absolute incidence difference between the sexes in non-cardia gastric cancer decreased over time in whites, blacks, and Asian and Pacific islanders by approximately 4% per year. The male-to-female incidence ratio of non-cardia gastric cancer decreased over time in whites and blacks, but remained relatively stable in Asian and Pacific islanders.Conclusions Both extrinsic and intrinsic factors may have contributed to the sex difference in gastric cancer. Sex hormones may play a role in the development of cardia cancer and intestinal type of gastric cancer.

scholarly journals Association between Gastric Cancer Mortality-to-Incidence Ratio and Human Development Index: Evidence from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 869-875
Author(s):  
Maryam Nouri ◽  
Farid Zayeri ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari ◽  
Maryam Khayamzadeh ◽  
Farid Moradian
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Development Index

Background: Gastric cancer has been one of the major causes of death in the past decades. It is the fifth most prevalent cancer and the third leading cause of neoplasm death worldwide. Thus, to know more about this health problem, assessing the burden of this cancer and its association with socioeconomic status of countries is of great importance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the mean trend of gastric cancer mortality-to-incidence ratio (GCMIR) in different super regions defined by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) and investigate the relationship between GCMIR and Human Development Index (HDI) in the period 2000-2016. Methods: We used the data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2016 study to calculate GCMIR for 185 world countries in the period 2000–2016. We also extracted the HDI data for each year under study from the Updates of the UNDP website. To attain the analytic aims, marginal modeling and generalized estimating equations (GEE) were utilized. Results: Sub-Saharan Africa was the only super region with a positive slope of GCMIR, and high-income countries had the greatest decreasing slope of GCMIR during the study period. Moreover, there was a negative association between GCMIR and HDI in these years. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that gastric cancer could be thought not only as a biological disease but also as a social event that will be more controllable with the improvement of economic status and other social determinants of health.

scholarly journals The Burden and Trends of Primary Liver Cancer Caused by Specific Etiologies from 1990 to 2017 at the Global, Regional, National, Age, and Sex Level Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Liver Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longfei Lin ◽  
Lei Yan ◽  
Yuling Liu ◽  
Changhai Qu ◽  
Jian Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Disease Study

Background: Liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The primary causes of liver cancer include hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), alcohol consumption, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and other factors. Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the global and sex-, age-, region-, country-, and etiology-related liver cancer burden, as well as the trends in liver cancer caused by different etiologies. Methods: The causes of liver cancer from 1990 to 2017, including global, regional, and national liver cancer incidence, mortality, and etiology, were collected from the Global Burden of Disease study 2017, and the time-dependent change in the trends of liver cancer burden was evaluated by annual percentage change. Results: The global liver cancer incidence and mortality have been increasing. There were 950,000 newly-diagnosed liver cancer cases and over 800,000 deaths in 2017, which is more than twice the numbers recorded in 1990. HBV and HCV are the major causes of liver cancer. HBV is the major risk factor of liver cancer in Asia, while HCV and alcohol abuse are the major risk factors in the high sociodemographic index and high human development index regions. The mean onset age and incidence of liver cancer with different etiologies have gradually increased in the past 30 years. Conclusions: The global incidence is still rising and the causes have national, regional, or population specificities. More targeted prevention strategies must be developed for the different etiologic types in order to reduce liver cancer burden.

scholarly journals Sex difference in the incidence of cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer in the United States, 1992–2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Yao ◽  
Xiaona Qi ◽  
Shao-Hua Xie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Cardia Cancer ◽  
Asian And Pacific Islanders ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Gastric cancer is more common in men than in women, but underlying reasons have not been completely understood. This study aimed to assess patterns of the sex difference in the incidence of gastric cancer in the United States. Methods Using data from 13 cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, we analyzed the age-specific sex difference in the incidence of gastric cancer by ethnicity, anatomic site and histological type in the United States during 1992–2014. We assessed the temporal trends in the sex differences in the incidence of gastric cancer during the study period. Results The male-to-female incidence ratio of cardia cancer increased with age until peaking at ages 55–69 years and decreased thereafter, while the ratio for non-cardia gastric cancer increased with age before ages < 60 years and remained stable onwards. The age-specific patterns in the sex difference of gastric cancer incidence varied between intestinal and diffuse histological types. The sex difference in the incidence of cardia cancer remained relatively stable except for that the absolute difference between the sexes in whites decreased on average by 0.8% per year from 1992 to 2014. The absolute incidence difference between the sexes in non-cardia gastric cancer decreased over time in whites, blacks, and Asian and Pacific islanders by approximately 4% per year. The male-to-female incidence ratio of non-cardia gastric cancer decreased over time in whites and blacks, but remained relatively stable in Asian and Pacific islanders. Conclusions Both extrinsic and intrinsic factors may have contributed to the sex difference in gastric cancer. Sex hormones may play a role in the development of cardia cancer and intestinal type of gastric cancer.

scholarly journals Sex difference in the incidence of cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer in the United States, 1992-2014

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Yao ◽  
Xiaona Qi ◽  
Shao-Hua Xie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Cardia Cancer ◽  
Asian And Pacific Islanders ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Gastric cancer is more common in men than in women, but underlying reasons have not been completely understood. Methods Using data from 13 cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, we analyzed the age-specific sex difference in the incidence of gastric cancer in the United States during 1992-2014. We assessed the temporal trends in the sex differences in the incidence of gastric cancer during the study period. Results The male-to-female incidence ratio of cardia cancer increased with age until peaking at ages 55-69 years and decreased thereafter, while the ratio for non-cardia gastric cancer increased with age before ages <60 years and remained stable onwards. The age-specific patterns in the sex difference of gastric cancer incidence varied between intestinal and diffuse histological types. The sex difference in the incidence of cardia cancer remained relatively stable except for that the absolute difference between the sexes in whites decreased on average by 0.8% per year from 1992 to 2014. The absolute incidence difference between the sexes in non-cardia gastric cancer decreased over time in whites, blacks, and Asian and Pacific islanders by approximately 4% per year. The male-to-female incidence ratio of non-cardia gastric cancer decreased over time in whites and blacks, but remained relatively stable in Asian and Pacific islanders. Conclusions Both extrinsic and intrinsic factors may have contributed to the sex difference in gastric cancer. Sex hormones may play a role in the development of cardia cancer and intestinal type of gastric cancer.

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