Mental health difficulties among professional jockeys: a narrative review

IntroductionEmerging academic literature and high-profile disclosures of mental health difficulties and mental illness from current and former professional jockeys suggest that further exploration of the mental health of jockeys is required. To date, a comprehensive review of jockeys’ mental health has yet to be conducted.ObjectivesTo examine the existing literature related to jockeys’ mental health, including the prevalence of symptoms associated with mental health difficulties and help-seeking.DesignA narrative review of the literature was conducted with articles screened from inception until January 2021.ResultsSixteen studies were included in the narrative review. Studies covered a range of mental health difficulties which included mood (depression), anxiety, distress, disordered eating and substance misuse. Rates of help-seeking among jockeys were also explored. Results indicated that jockeys reported higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms compared with other elite athletes. Substance misuse, in particular adverse alcohol use, also appears greater among jockeys than other elite athletes. Distress symptoms appear comparable with other elite athletes. Risk factors for mental health difficulties included injury, perceived stress, athlete burnout, career dissatisfaction and the contemplation of retirement. Weight-making negatively impacts jockeys’ mood and attitudes towards eating, with lower competitive riding weights associated with more disordered eating attitudes. Moreover, help-seeking from mental health professionals appears low.ConclusionThe review identifies a high prevalence of symptoms of mental health difficulties among professional jockeys. Applied recommendations and future research considerations are proposed throughout the review article.

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“I think I have a problem”. Disclosure of mental health difficulties by friends.

10.31237/osf.io/qt4fz ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandra Lampard-Scotford

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Young People ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Stress And Coping ◽

Mental Health Issue ◽

Future Research ◽

Coping Responses ◽

Mental Health Difficulties ◽

And Coping

Amidst concerns that the prevalence of young people experiencing a mental health issue is increasing, it is important to understand young people’s responses to mental illness disclosures. Drawing on data from one-on-one interviews with six participants aged between 19 and 22, this paper demonstrates how perceived barriers, age and context changes, and stress and coping responses effect a young person’s response to a mental illness disclosure from friends, and how these responses serve to either prevent or facilitate future help-seeking. Consequently, participants suggested stigma was the most significant impediment to help-seeking behaviours in young people with MHPs. Age and context differences were also highlighted, alongside their effect on the participants’ stress and coping responses to disclosures and perceptions of barriers in mental health. Implications for future research and practice are also outlined.

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Development and Implementation of the National Mental Health Referral Network for Elite Athletes: A Case Study of the Australian Institute of Sport

Case Studies in Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/cssep.2019-0016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (S1) ◽

pp. S1-27-S1-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Simon Rice ◽

Matt Butterworth ◽

Matti Clements ◽

Daniel Josifovski ◽

Sharyn Arnold ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Cultural Change ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Elite Athletes ◽

Australian Institute ◽

Mental Health Referral ◽

Referral Network ◽

National Mental Health

Awareness-raising and antistigma campaigns have sought to increase the acceptance of mental ill health across the general community and subpopulations of elite athletes. Nonetheless, gaps remain for models of clinical service provision. As cultural change prompts elite athletes toward more open and positive perceptions of help seeking, the number of athletes seeking evidence-based mental health intervention has been predicted to increase. In this context, the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) established the national Mental Health Referral Network. The network comprises registered mental health professionals (psychologists) and is led by the AIS Athlete Wellbeing and Engagement branch. This case study describes the development and implementation of this network, including the service-provider procurement process and strategic consultation provided by Orygen. Details are provided for international bodies seeking to undertake similar initiatives. Reflections on program implementation highlight opportunities for expansion and data capture, informing future education-based initiatives.

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Psychotherapy for mental health symptoms and disorders in elite athletes: a narrative review

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2019-100654 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (12) ◽

pp. 767-771 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mark A Stillman ◽

Ira D Glick ◽

David McDuff ◽

Claudia L Reardon ◽

Mary E Hitchcock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Group Therapy ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Elite Athletes ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Personality Characteristics ◽

Mental Health Symptoms ◽

Health Symptoms ◽

Psychotherapeutic Interventions

BackgroundAthletes, like non-athletes, suffer from mental health symptoms and disorders that affect their lives and their performance. Psychotherapy, either as the sole treatment or combined with other non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies, is a pivotal component of management of mental health symptoms and disorders in elite athletes. Psychotherapy takes the form of individual, couples/family or group therapy and should address athlete-specific issues while being embraced as normative by athletes and their core stakeholders.Main findingsThis narrative review summarises controlled and non-controlled research on psychotherapy for elite athletes with mental health symptoms and disorders. In summary, treatment is similar to that of non-athletes—although with attention to issues that are athlete-specific. Challenges associated with psychotherapy with elite athletes are discussed, including diagnostic issues, deterrents to help-seeking and expectations about services. We describe certain personality characteristics sometimes associated with elite athletes, including narcissism and aggression, which could make psychotherapy with this population more challenging. The literature regarding psychotherapeutic interventions in elite athletes is sparse and largely anecdotal.

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Predictors of compassion fatigue in mental health professionals: A narrative review.

Traumatology An International Journal ◽

10.1037/trm0000116 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 172-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

David Turgoose ◽

Lucy Maddox

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Compassion Fatigue ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Narrative Review

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The Association Between Problem Recognition, Race/Ethnicity, and Professional Help-Seeking Intentions Across Psychological Disorders

Emerging Adulthood ◽

10.1177/21676968211000491 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 216769682110004

Author(s):

Ayanda Chakawa ◽

Steven K. Shapiro

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Young Adults ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

The United States ◽

Psychological Disorder ◽

Future Research ◽

Problem Recognition ◽

Professional Help ◽

Race Ethnicity

While 75% mental health problems emerge by young adulthood, there is a strong reluctance during this developmental stage to seek professional help. Although limitations in mental health literacy, such as incorrect problem recognition, may hinder professional help-seeking intentions, the relationship between these variables has been understudied among young adults in the United States (U.S.) and racial/ethnic differences in help-seeking intentions for specific disorders have not been well explored. Using a vignette-based design, the current study examines the association between psychological disorder recognition and professional help-seeking intentions among 1,585 Black/African American and White/European American young adults. Correctly identifying a psychological disorder was significantly associated with intentions to seek professional help for several disorders and race/ethnicity significantly influenced intentions to seek professional help for some disorders. Implications for ways to address unmet mental health care needs, especially among racially/ethnically diverse young adults, and directions for future research are discussed.

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Effect of recovery‐based interventions on recovery knowledge and attitudes of mental health professionals, regarding recovery‐oriented practice: A quantitative narrative review

International Journal of Mental Health Nursing ◽

10.1111/inm.12897 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anju Sreeram ◽

Wendy Cross ◽

Louise Townsin

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes

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Stress and burnout in Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) trainees: a systematic review

The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist ◽

10.1017/s1754470x21000179 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Joel Owen ◽

Louise Crouch-Read ◽

Matthew Smith ◽

Paul Fisher

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Future Research ◽

List Type ◽

Dual Roles ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Psychological Therapies ◽

Current State

Abstract For more than a decade, Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) has been training a new workforce of psychological therapists. Despite evidence of stress and burnout both in trainee mental health professionals, and qualified IAPT clinicians, little is known about these topics in IAPT trainees. Consequently, this systematic review sought to establish the current state of the literature regarding stress and burnout in IAPT trainees. Electronic databases were searched to identify all published and available unpublished work relating to the topic. On the basis of pre-established eligibility criteria, eight studies (including six unpublished doctoral theses) were identified and assessed for quality. This review identifies that research into the experience of IAPT trainees is under-developed. Existing evidence tentatively suggests that IAPT trainees may experience levels of stress and burnout that are higher than their qualified peers and among the higher end of healthcare professionals more generally. The experience of fulfilling dual roles as mental health professionals and university students concurrently appears to be a significant source of stress for IAPT trainees. More research regarding the levels and sources of stress and burnout in IAPT trainees is urgently needed to confirm and extend these findings. Recommendations for future research in the area are given. Key learning aims (1) To establish the current state of the literature regarding stress and burnout in IAPT trainees. (2) To raise practitioner, service and education-provider awareness regarding the levels and perceived sources of stress and burnout in IAPT trainees. (3) To make recommendations regarding future research on the topic.

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Mental health of children with neurodevelopmental disorders during COVID-19: A brief report of family experiences from a low and middle income country

Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/13591045211026058 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135910452110260

Author(s):

Sowmyashree M Kaku

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽

Case Series ◽

Ground Level ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Mental Health Difficulties ◽

Similar Report ◽

Low And Middle Income

COVID-19 has grossly impacted lives of people across the globe. In particular, children have also been affected due to closure of schools, therapy, and day care centers. Families have been challenged with new circumstances, and mental health professionals are coming up with novel ways to help these families who have children with mental health issues. This article describes experiences of families who have children with a diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder with comorbid mental health difficulties and their ways of coping with the pandemic challenges. The series will throw light on ground level experiences of families during the pandemic, give insights into their ways of adapting, and brings out problem areas which healthcare professionals must work on, to design novel ways of care. The case series is novel and a similar report has probably not been presented from India or other low and middle income countries.

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Virtual Body Ownership Illusions for Mental Health: A Narrative Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10010139 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 139

Author(s):

Marta Matamala-Gomez ◽

Antonella Maselli ◽

Clelia Malighetti ◽

Olivia Realdon ◽

Fabrizia Mantovani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Well Being ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Future Research ◽

Body Ownership ◽

Surrounding Environment ◽

Wide Range ◽

Clinical Conditions ◽

Virtual Body

Over the last 20 years, virtual reality (VR) has been widely used to promote mental health in populations presenting different clinical conditions. Mental health does not refer only to the absence of psychiatric disorders but to the absence of a wide range of clinical conditions that influence people’s general and social well-being such as chronic pain, neurological disorders that lead to motor o perceptual impairments, psychological disorders that alter behaviour and social cognition, or physical conditions like eating disorders or present in amputees. It is known that an accurate perception of oneself and of the surrounding environment are both key elements to enjoy mental health and well-being, and that both can be distorted in patients suffering from the clinical conditions mentioned above. In the past few years, multiple studies have shown the effectiveness of VR to modulate such perceptual distortions of oneself and of the surrounding environment through virtual body ownership illusions. This narrative review aims to review clinical studies that have explored the manipulation of embodied virtual bodies in VR for improving mental health, and to discuss the current state of the art and the challenges for future research in the context of clinical care.

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