How to use antidepressive drugs more effectively

1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 73-74
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
The Past ◽  
Antidepressive Drugs

Depressive symptoms are common and often lead the patient to seek medical advice. Forty proprietary antidepressive drugs are available in Britain. Although it is generally agreed that antidepressives can be helpful, it is not yet clear whom they may help, or how much. This is because of disagreement on the classification of depressive illness,1 and difficulty in predicting its natural course. Many patients get better without drug treatment. Although double-blind comparisons with placebo over the past 20 years have shown that these drugs reduce depressive symptoms in most patients, this is less convincing in clinical practice.2 3 Several factors influence the response to drug treatment and understanding them should improve the management of depression.

The Nottingham ECT Study

1985 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gregory ◽  
C. R. Shawcross ◽  
D. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Effective Treatments

SummarySixty nine patients took part in a double-blind study to investigate the efficacy of bilateral, unilateral, and simulated ECT in the treatment of depressive illness. The findings suggest that both bilateral and unilateral ECT are highly effective treatments for depression and are significantly superior to simulated ECT. There was also evidence that patients receiving bilateral ECT recovered more rapidly than those receiving unilateral ECT and required significantly fewer treatments. The relevance of these findings to clinical practice is discussed.

scholarly journals A New Classification for Hemorrhoidal Disease: The Creation of the “BPRST” Staging and Its Application in Clinical Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Walter Sobrado Júnior ◽  
Carlos de Almeida Obregon ◽  
Afonso Henrique da Silva e Sousa Júnior ◽  
Lucas Faraco Sobrado ◽  
Sérgio Carlos Nahas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Hemorrhoidal Disease ◽  
New Classification ◽  
The Past ◽  
Internal Hemorrhoids ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Treatment Alternatives

Purpose: Present an updated classification for symptomatic hemorrhoids, which not only guides the treatment of internal hemorrhoids but also the treatment of external components. In addition, this new classification includes new treatment alternatives created over the last few years.Methods: Throughout the past 7 years, the authors developed a method to classify patients with symptomatic hemorrhoids. This study, besides presenting this classification proposal, also retrospectively analyzed 149 consecutive patients treated between March 2011 and November 2013 and aimed to evaluate the association between the management adopted with Goligher classification and our proposed BPRST classification.Results: Both classifications had a statistically significant association with the adopted management strategies. However, the BPRST classification tended to have fewer management discrepancies when each stage of disease was individually analyzed.Conclusion: Although there is much disagreement about how the classification of hemorrhoidal disease should be updated, it is accepted that some kind of revision is needed. The BPRST method showed a strong association with the management that should be adopted for each stage of the disease. Further studies are needed for its validation, but the current results are encouraging.

Comparative trial of L-tryptophan and amitriptyline in depressive illness

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Herrington ◽  
A. Bruce ◽  
E. C. Johnstone ◽  
M. H. Lader
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Comparative Trial ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Maximal Dose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Moderate Severity ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Depressed Patients

SynopsisDepressed patients who were suitable for drug treatment were allocated randomly to treatment for four weeks with either amitriptyline in doses reaching 150 mg daily or with l-tryptophan in a maximal dose of 8 G daily. Both in-patients and out-patients were included. The trial was double-blind and ratings were made at the start of treatment and weekly for the subsequent four weeks: the patients were then followed for a further six months. Both groups of patients improved steadily over the course of four weeks and there were no marked differences between the treatment groups though there was some tendency for the improvement of the tryptophan-treated patients to fade between the third and fourth weeks. Within the tryptophan group anxious patients improved least. It is concluded that L-tryptophan probably has some antidepressive action in patients with depressive illness of moderate severity.

scholarly journals Online shopping: antecedents of attitude, intention, and use

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilnei Aldir Schneider ◽  
Rafael Tezza
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Systematic Search ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Reference Models ◽  
The Past

Consumer behavior in electronic commerce has been the theme of hundreds of studies conducted by researchers of many nationalities in the past twenty years. The purpose of this study was to review and classify the concepts used in papers published between 2003 and 2014 to explain the consumer behavior in electronic commerce. A systematic search of the literature in nine databases was performed and 136 papers published in double-blind peer reviewed journals were selected. Reference models were prepared based on a classification of the concepts found. This article reports only the concepts that displayed statistical significance in the studies analyzed. Finally, we suggest new studies that can be conducted.

Recent Advances in the Genetics of Affective Illness

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman McI. James
Keyword(s):  
Hla Antigens ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Bipolar Illness ◽  
Affective Illness ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Morbidity Risk ◽  
Physiological Markers

Variability in the classification of depressive illness greatly handicapped the work of geneticists prior to the application of the polarity concept. The past decade has however, seen a burgeoning of interest in this area, with researchers concentrating on bipolar illness, this being the most clearly defined entity. Findings of a lifetime morbidity risk for affective illness of 15–20% in the first degree relatives of bipolar patients has been usual. This compares with 10–15% for patients with unipolar illness. Transmission patterns indicative of known forms of Mendelian inheritance have not been consistently demonstrated. Genetic markers including colour blindness and HLA antigens have been pursued avidly but have yielded inconclusive results. Further progress seems unlikely unless more sub-groups are defined using biochemical and physiological markers.

Suggestions for a Physiological Classification of Depression

1965 ◽  
Vol 111 (475) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Pollitt
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Psychiatric Condition ◽  
Rational Treatment ◽  
Universal Formula ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types

Depression is the commonest of mental illnesses and fortunately it has a better outcome with treatment than any other psychiatric condition. It shows itself in a variety of guises, and as there is no universal formula for treating the different types, a classification is essential. During the past ten years the arrival of the tranquillizers and particularly antidepressants has revolutionized our view of depressive illness, yet we are still using terms which are purely descriptive, determined by administrative needs long forgotten, or loosely related to aetiology about which we still know little. The time has come to link the classification of depression with rational treatment, but before offering a scheme to do this, a brief consideration of the inadequacies of existing terminology may help to explain the need for a new scheme.

Poor Acceptance of the Past is Related to Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Gozde Cetinkol ◽  
Gulbahar Bastug ◽  
E. Tugba Ozel Kizil
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Ego Integrity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
Total Death ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Depression in older adults can be explained by Erikson’s theory on the conflict of ego integrity versus hopelessness. The study investigated the relationship between past acceptance, hopelessness, death anxiety, and depressive symptoms in 100 older (≥50 years) adults. The total Beck Hopelessness (BHS), Geriatric Depression (GDS), and Accepting the Past (ACPAST) subscale scores of the depressed group were higher, while the total Death Anxiety (DAS) and Reminiscing the Past (REM) subscale scores of both groups were similar. A regression analysis revealed that the BHS, DAS, and ACPAST predicted the GDS. Past acceptance seems to be important for ego integrity in older adults.

Second international scientific conference «Present fundamental problems of vegetation classification» (Yalta, 15–20 September 2019)

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
K. V. Ivanova ◽  
A. M. Lapina ◽  
V. V. Neshataev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Vegetation Classification ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Organizations

The 2nd international scientific conference «Fundamental problems of vegetation classification» took place at the Nikitskiy Botanical Garden (Yalta, Republic of Crimea, Russia) on 15–20 September 2019. There were 56 participants from 33 cities and 43 research organizations in Russia. The conference was mostly focused on reviewing the success in classification of the vegetation done by Russian scientists in the past three years. The reports covered various topics such as classification, description of new syntaxonomical units, geobotanical mapping for different territories and types of vegetation, studies of space-time dynamics of plant communities. The final discussion on the last day covered problems yet to be solved: establishment of the Russian Prodromus and the National archive of vegetation, complications of higher education in the profile of geobotany, and the issue of the data leakage to foreign scientific journals. In conclusion, it was announced that the 3rd conference in Nikitskiy Botanical Garden will be held in 2022.

The Poetry and Music of Science

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom McLeish
Keyword(s):  
School Leaver ◽  
Creative People ◽  
Creative Processes ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
Poetry And Music

‘I could not see any place in science for my creativity or imagination’, was the explanation, of a bright school leaver to the author, of why she had abandoned all study of science. Yet as any scientist knows, the imagination is essential to the immense task of re-creating a shared model of nature from the scale of the cosmos, through biological complexity, to the smallest subatomic structures. Encounters like that one inspired this book, which takes a journey through the creative process in the arts as well as sciences. Visiting great creative people of the past, it also draws on personal accounts of scientists, artists, mathematicians, writers, and musicians today to explore the commonalities and differences in creation. Tom McLeish finds that the ‘Two Cultures’ division between the arts and the sciences is not after all, the best classification of creative processes, for all creation calls on the power of the imagination within the constraints of form. Instead, the three modes of visual, textual, and abstract imagination have woven the stories of the arts and sciences together, but using different tools. As well as panoramic assessments of creativity, calling on ideas from the ancient world, medieval thought, and twentieth-century philosophy and theology, The Poetry and Music of Science illustrates its emerging story by specific close-up explorations of musical (Schumann), literary (James, Woolf, Goethe) mathematical (Wiles), and scientific (Humboldt, Einstein) creation. The book concludes by asking how creativity contributes to what it means to be human.

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