People with mental health disorders are at increased risk of death from homicide

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-64
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Disorders

The non-specific nature of mental health and structural brain outcomes following childhood trauma

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Theresa K. Haidl ◽  
Dennis M. Hedderich ◽  
Marlene Rosen ◽  
Nathalie Kaiser ◽  
Mauro Seves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Structural Brain

Abstract Background Childhood trauma (CT) is associated with an increased risk of mental health disorders; however, it is unknown whether this represents a diagnosis-specific risk factor for specific psychopathology mediated by structural brain changes. Our aim was to explore whether (i) a predictive CT pattern for transdiagnostic psychopathology exists, and whether (ii) CT can differentiate between distinct diagnosis-dependent psychopathology. Furthermore, we aimed to identify the association between CT, psychopathology and brain structure. Methods We used multivariate pattern analysis in data from 643 participants of the Personalised Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management study (PRONIA), including healthy controls (HC), recent onset psychosis (ROP), recent onset depression (ROD), and patients clinically at high-risk for psychosis (CHR). Participants completed structured interviews and self-report measures including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, SCID diagnostic interview, BDI-II, PANSS, Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument, Structured Interview for Prodromal Symptoms and structural MRI, analyzed by voxel-based morphometry. Results (i) Patients and HC could be distinguished by their CT pattern with a reasonable precision [balanced accuracy of 71.2% (sensitivity = 72.1%, specificity = 70.4%, p ≤ 0.001]. (ii) Subdomains ‘emotional neglect’ and ‘emotional abuse’ were most predictive for CHR and ROP, while in ROD ‘physical abuse’ and ‘sexual abuse’ were most important. The CT pattern was significantly associated with the severity of depressive symptoms in ROD, ROP, and CHR, as well as with the PANSS total and negative domain scores in the CHR patients. No associations between group-separating CT patterns and brain structure were found. Conclusions These results indicate that CT poses a transdiagnostic risk factor for mental health disorders, possibly related to depressive symptoms. While differences in the quality of CT exposure exist, diagnostic differentiation was not possible suggesting a multi-factorial pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Management of mental health disorders and central nervous system sequelae in HIV-positive children and adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Nassen ◽  
K Donald ◽  
K Walker ◽  
S Paruk ◽  
M Vujovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The Impact

HIV-positive children and adolescents are at increased risk of both central nervous system (CNS) sequelae and mental disorders owing to a number of factors, including the impact of HIV infection on the brain, social determinants of health (e.g. poverty and orphanhood) and psychosocial stressors related to living with HIV. Every effort should be made to identify perinatally HIV-infected children and initiate them on antiretroviral therapy early in life. HIV clinicians should ideally screen for mental health and neurocognitive problems, as part of the routine monitoring of children attending antiretroviral clinics. This guideline is intended as a reference tool for HIV clinicians to support the early identification, screening and management of mental health disorders and/or CNS impairment in children and adolescents. This guideline covers mental disorders (section 1) and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (section 2) among children and adolescents.  

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of adolescents referred for treatment of depressive disorders

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Low Mood ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Disorders

Low mood and depression often emerge during adolescence and are associated with long-term difficulties including increased risk of developing other mental health disorders, educational underachievement, low income/unemployment, and risk of suicidal behaviour.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Virtual Congregational Peer Recovery Groups During COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Jason Paltzer ◽  
Jason Jonker
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
Recovery Programs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Risk Of Relapse ◽  
Recovery Groups

Complex humanitarian disasters and emergencies like COVID-19 can disrupt needed mental health services such as substance use recovery programs. Physical distancing requirements can further exacerbate existing mental health disorders or initiate additional ones. Individuals benefiting from congregational peer recovery programs can find themselves in a state of extreme stress and be at an increased risk of relapse. Transitioning to virtual platforms can help congregational peer recovery groups maintain a connection with group participants, share spiritual and physical encouragement, and mitigate potential relapse. This case study identifies the concerns and benefits of virtual recovery groups and the potential for hybrid groups moving forward.

scholarly journals Association between Sleep Duration, Physical Activity, and Mental Health Disorders: A Secondary Analysis of the National Survey of Children’s Health 2017-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shiting Xiang ◽  
Jie Dong ◽  
Xun Li ◽  
Liping Li
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Health Disorders

Background. The purpose of this article was to examine the association of sleep duration and physical activity and their interactions on mental health disorders in American children aged 6-17 years. Methods. Data were analyzed from the combined 2017-2018 National Survey of Children’s health. Ultimately, a total of 36370 children aged 6-17 years were selected as the samples. Weighted logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results. Insufficient sleep duration was associated with an increased risk for current anxiety, depression, and behavior/conduct problems ( odds   ratio = 1.449 , 1.991, 1.375; 95% confidence interval: 1.313-1.702, 1.648-2.406, 1.162-1.627). Insufficient physical activity was associated with an increased risk for current anxiety ( odds   ratio = 1.448 ; 95% confidence interval: 1.230-1.706) and depression ( odds   ratio = 1.743 ; 95% confidence interval: 1.304-2.329). In addition, additive interactions between sleep duration and physical activity were observed on current anxiety and depression. Conclusions. Insufficient sleep duration and insufficient physical activity in children were associated with mental health disorders. There is a synergistic interaction effect between insufficient sleep duration and insufficient physical activity on current anxiety and current depression.

scholarly journals Toxoplasmosis, but not borreliosis, is associated with psychiatric disorders: A cross-sectional survey on 46 thousand of subjects

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Flegr ◽  
Jiří Horáček
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
World Population ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Substantial Role ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Disorders

ABSTRACTInfection by the parasite Toxoplasma, which affects about 33% of world population, is associated with increased risk of several mental health disorders, the most strongly with schizophrenia. It is unknown whether toxoplasmosis really plays a substantial role in the etiopathogenesis of these disorders and whether schizophrenia is associated with this infection the most strongly, or whether this association has just been the most intensively studied for historical reasons. We used the data from 3,440 and 7,800 subjects tested for toxoplasmosis and borreliosis, respectively, who took part in an internet survey, for searching in the associations of these infections with 22 mental health disorders and other indices of impaired mental health. The typical symptom associated with toxoplasmosis was anxiety, and the typical toxoplasmosis-associated disorders were autism (OR=4.86), schizophrenia (OR=3.34), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (OR=3.02), Asperger syndrome (OR=2.49), antisocial personality disorder (OR=1.81), OCD (OR=1.69), and anxiety disorder (OR=1.57). Borreliosis was associated only with symptoms of depression and with major depression (OR=1.65). The negative effects of borreliosis were detectable only in the Toxoplasma-infected subjects. Toxoplasmosis could play a substantial role in the etiopathogenesis of mental health disorders and its association with schizophrenia is the second strongest association, after autism.

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