scholarly journals Management of mental health disorders and central nervous system sequelae in HIV-positive children and adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Nassen ◽  
K Donald ◽  
K Walker ◽  
S Paruk ◽  
M Vujovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The Impact

HIV-positive children and adolescents are at increased risk of both central nervous system (CNS) sequelae and mental disorders owing to a number of factors, including the impact of HIV infection on the brain, social determinants of health (e.g. poverty and orphanhood) and psychosocial stressors related to living with HIV. Every effort should be made to identify perinatally HIV-infected children and initiate them on antiretroviral therapy early in life. HIV clinicians should ideally screen for mental health and neurocognitive problems, as part of the routine monitoring of children attending antiretroviral clinics. This guideline is intended as a reference tool for HIV clinicians to support the early identification, screening and management of mental health disorders and/or CNS impairment in children and adolescents. This guideline covers mental disorders (section 1) and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (section 2) among children and adolescents.  

scholarly journals Exploring Jember Community View in the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders with the Perspective of a Transcultural Nursing

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Fitrio Deviantony ◽  
Tantut Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Transcultural Nursing ◽  
The Family ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The Impact

The problems of people with mental health disorders (PWMHD) include physical problems, psychological problems, and social problems. Jember Regency in 2018 had 514 new cases, and  Panti village was ranked first with 114 clients (22.1%) of the total cases in the Jember Regency. Community views accompanied by cultural background often prevent families with PWMHD from coming to the health center to seek care and management of health services. Negative public views on PWMHD will reduce PWMHD visits to seek treatment so that cases of drug withdrawal will increase. Nurses have an essential role in providing nursing care to clients with mental disorders. Without knowledge of the cultural viewpoints of the community, nurses will find it difficult to find strategies to reduce the occurrence of stigma and discrimination in PWMHD This study uses an ethnography study, qualitative approach, and descriptive design to explore and understand about the Jember community view in the treatment of mental disorders with a perspective of transcultural nursing. The technique of collecting data uses in-depth interviews with a semi-structured interview guide involving seven participants, and the data were analyzed using interpretive phenomenology analysis. This research has passed the ethical test with ethical approval No.595 / UN25.8 / KEPK / DL / 2019. This research conducted five themes. First is the family efforts to seek healing; the second theme is received trials from God; the third theme is community stigma to people with mental disorders; the fourth theme is community expectations for people with mental disorders, and the fifth theme is community acceptance of people with mental disorders. Considering the impact that will arise from this condition if it does not get proper treatment, it is needed the role of health workers in providing services to the family to be able to increase visits to health services in order to improve the recovery of people with mental disorders.

The non-specific nature of mental health and structural brain outcomes following childhood trauma

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Theresa K. Haidl ◽  
Dennis M. Hedderich ◽  
Marlene Rosen ◽  
Nathalie Kaiser ◽  
Mauro Seves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Structural Brain

Abstract Background Childhood trauma (CT) is associated with an increased risk of mental health disorders; however, it is unknown whether this represents a diagnosis-specific risk factor for specific psychopathology mediated by structural brain changes. Our aim was to explore whether (i) a predictive CT pattern for transdiagnostic psychopathology exists, and whether (ii) CT can differentiate between distinct diagnosis-dependent psychopathology. Furthermore, we aimed to identify the association between CT, psychopathology and brain structure. Methods We used multivariate pattern analysis in data from 643 participants of the Personalised Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management study (PRONIA), including healthy controls (HC), recent onset psychosis (ROP), recent onset depression (ROD), and patients clinically at high-risk for psychosis (CHR). Participants completed structured interviews and self-report measures including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, SCID diagnostic interview, BDI-II, PANSS, Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument, Structured Interview for Prodromal Symptoms and structural MRI, analyzed by voxel-based morphometry. Results (i) Patients and HC could be distinguished by their CT pattern with a reasonable precision [balanced accuracy of 71.2% (sensitivity = 72.1%, specificity = 70.4%, p ≤ 0.001]. (ii) Subdomains ‘emotional neglect’ and ‘emotional abuse’ were most predictive for CHR and ROP, while in ROD ‘physical abuse’ and ‘sexual abuse’ were most important. The CT pattern was significantly associated with the severity of depressive symptoms in ROD, ROP, and CHR, as well as with the PANSS total and negative domain scores in the CHR patients. No associations between group-separating CT patterns and brain structure were found. Conclusions These results indicate that CT poses a transdiagnostic risk factor for mental health disorders, possibly related to depressive symptoms. While differences in the quality of CT exposure exist, diagnostic differentiation was not possible suggesting a multi-factorial pathogenesis.

Developing services for substance-abusing HIV-positive youth with mental health disorders

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus ◽  
Anne Stanton ◽  
Michael Kennedy ◽  
Ronald Spingarn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Substance Abusing ◽  
Health Disorders

scholarly journals The Impact of Diabetes on Hippocampus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Vafaei-Nezhad ◽  
Masood Vafaei-Nezhad ◽  
Mehri Shadi ◽  
Samira Ezi
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diabetic Mothers ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Maternal Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders resulting an increased risk of abnormalities in the developing fetus and offspring. It is estimated that the prevalence of diabetes during pregnancy among women in developing countries is approximately 4.5 percent and this range varies between 1 to 14 percent in different societies. According to earlier studies, diabetes during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of maternal and child mortality and morbidity as well as major congenital anomalies including central nervous system (CNS) in their offspring. Multiple lines of evidence have suggested that infants of diabetic women are at risk of having neurodevelopmental sequelae. Previous studies reveal that the offspring of diabetic mothers exhibit disturbances in behavioral and intellectual functioning. In the examination of cognitive functioning, a poorer performance was observed in the children born to diabetic mothers when compared with the children of non-diabetic mothers. Therefore, it is important to study the possible effects of maternal diabetes on the hippocampus of these infants.

The Impact of Comorbid Mental Health Disorders on Complications Following Cervical Spine Surgery With Minimum 2-Year Surveillance

Spine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (21) ◽  
pp. 1455-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassel G. Diebo ◽  
Joshua D. Lavian ◽  
Shian Liu ◽  
Neil V. Shah ◽  
Daniel P. Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Cervical Spine Surgery ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The Impact

Anticancer, Anxiolytic, Nootropic Effects of Convolvulus Pluricaulis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Rashmi Sharma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Suicidal Thinking ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Convolvulus Pluricaulis

Mental health disorders effect thinking, behave, mood etc. these can be schizophrenia, eating beh. Addictive beh, Depression, anxiety, feeling sad, down, fear, worry, guilt, anger, violence & suicidal thinking. Convolvulus is traditionally used to treat mental disorders insomnia, fatigue, low Energy

Prevention of Mental Health Disorders in Children and Adolescents

2007 ◽  
pp. 51-191
Author(s):  
Barry Nurcombe ◽  
Martine F. Flament ◽  
Hien Nguyen ◽  
Claudia Furino ◽  
Howard Schachter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Health Disorders
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document