scholarly journals Assessment of transparent and reproducible research practices in the psychiatry literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. e100149
Author(s):  
Caroline Elizabeth Sherry ◽  
Jonathan Z Pollard ◽  
Daniel Tritz ◽  
Branden K Carr ◽  
Aaron Pierce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Reproducible Research ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Core ◽  
Scientific Advancement ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Number Of Publications

BackgroundReproducibility is a cornerstone of scientific advancement; however, many published works may lack the core components needed for study reproducibility.AimsIn this study, we evaluate the state of transparency and reproducibility in the field of psychiatry using specific indicators as proxies for these practices.MethodsAn increasing number of publications have investigated indicators of reproducibility, including research by Harwicke et al, from which we based the methodology for our observational, cross-sectional study. From a random 5-year sample of 300 publications in PubMed-indexed psychiatry journals, two researchers extracted data in a duplicate, blinded fashion using a piloted Google form. The publications were examined for indicators of reproducibility and transparency, which included availability of: materials, data, protocol, analysis script, open-access, conflict of interest, funding and online preregistration.ResultsThis study ultimately evaluated 296 randomly-selected publications with a 3.20 median impact factor. Only 107 were available online. Most primary authors originated from USA, UK and the Netherlands. The top three publication types were cohort studies, surveys and clinical trials. Regarding indicators of reproducibility, 17 publications gave access to necessary materials, four provided in-depth protocol and one contained raw data required to reproduce the outcomes. One publication offered its analysis script on request; four provided a protocol availability statement. Only 107 publications were publicly available: 13 were registered in online repositories and four, ten and eight publications included their hypothesis, methods and analysis, respectively. Conflict of interest was addressed by 177 and reported by 31 publications. Of 185 publications with a funding statement, 153 publications were funded and 32 were unfunded.ConclusionsCurrently, Psychiatry research has significant potential to improve adherence to reproducibility and transparency practices. Thus, this study presents a reference point for the state of reproducibility and transparency in Psychiatry literature. Future assessments are recommended to evaluate and encourage progress.

scholarly journals Assessment of transparent and reproducible research practices in the psychiatry literature

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Sherry ◽  
Jonathan Pollard ◽  
Daniel Tritz ◽  
Branden Carr ◽  
Aaron Pierce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Reproducible Research ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Scientific Advancement ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Core Components

Objective: Reproducibility is a cornerstone of scientific advancement; however, many published works may lack the core components needed for study reproducibility. In this study, we evaluate the state of transparency and reproducibility in the field of Psychiatry.Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study design was used. From a random sample of 300 publications in PubMed-indexed psychiatry journals, two researchers extracted data in a duplicate and blinded fashion using a piloted Google Form. For this study, we included publications from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018. The publications were evaluated for indicators of reproducibility and transparency, which included the availability of materials, data, protocol, analysis script, preregistration, open access, financial conflicts of interest, funding sources, and pre-registration in an online repository. Results: Our study identified 158 journals meeting the inclusion criteria and 90,281 publications from within the timeframe. Of the 300 randomly sampled, 4 were inaccessible, resulting in a final sample of 296 publications. Of the 296, only 107 (36%) were publically available online. Regarding reproducibility, 17 publications gave access to necessary materials, 4 provided an in-depth protocol, and 1 contained the raw data required to reproduce the outcomes.Conclusions: Currently, researchers in the field of Psychiatry do not adhere to practices that promote reproducibility and transparency. Change is therefore needed. This study presents a reference point for the state of reproducibility and transparency in psychiatry literature, and future assessments are recommended to evaluate progress.

scholarly journals Judicial demand of medications through the Federal Justice of the State of Paraná

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Mitsunori Nisihara ◽  
Ana Carolina Possebom ◽  
Luiza de Martino Cruvinel Borges ◽  
Ana Claudia Athanasio Shwetz ◽  
Fernanda Francis Benevides Bettes
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Online System ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the profile of lawsuits related to drug requests filled at the Federal Justice of the State of Paraná. Methods A cross-sectional study, and the data were obtained through consulting the lawsuits at the online system of the Federal Justice of Paraná. Results Out of 347 lawsuits included in the study, 55% of plaintiffs were women, with a median age of 56 years. Oncology was the field with more requests (23.6%), and the highest mean costs. A wide variety of diseases and broad variety of requested drugs were found in the lawsuits. Approximately two-thirds of them were requested by the brand name, and the most often requested drugs were palivizumab and tiotropium bromide. Only 14.5% of the requested medicines were registered in the National Medication Register. The Public Defender’s Office filled actions in 89.6% of cases and all lawsuits had an interim relief. The mean time for approval was 35 days and 70% of requests were granted. Conclusion Oncology was the field with the highest demand for medicines at the Federal Justice of Paraná in 2014. A great variety of medications was requested. The Public Defender´s Office represented most lawsuits. All demands had an interim relief, and the majority of requests were granted, within an average of 35 days.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of all clinicians’ conflict of interest disclosures to NHS hospital employers in England 2015-2016

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e019952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet Ruth Feldman ◽  
Nicholas J DeVito ◽  
Jonathan Mendel ◽  
David E Carroll ◽  
Ben Goldacre
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Current System ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Gift ◽  
The Uk

ObjectiveWe set out to document how NHS trusts in the UK record and share disclosures of conflict of interest by their employees.DesignCross-sectional study of responses to a Freedom of Information Act request for Gifts and Hospitality Registers.SettingNHS Trusts (secondary/tertiary care organisations) in England.Participants236 Trusts were contacted, of which 217 responded.Main outcome measuresWe assessed all disclosures for completeness and openness, scoring them for achieving each of five measures of transparency.Results185 Trusts (78%) provided a register. 71 Trusts did not respond within the 28 day time limit required by the FoIA. Most COI registers were incomplete by design, and did not contain the information necessary to assess conflicts of interest. 126/185 (68%) did not record the names of recipients. 47/185 (25%) did not record the cash value of the gift or hospitality. Only 31/185 registers (16%) contained the names of recipients, the names of donors, and the cash amounts received. 18/185 (10%) contained none of: recipient name, donor name, and cash amount. Only 15 Trusts had their disclosure register publicly available online (6%). We generated a transparency index assessing whether each Trust met the following criteria: responded on time; provided a register; had a register with fields identifying donor, recipient, and cash amount; provided a register in a format that allowed further analysis; and had their register publicly available online. Mean attainment was 1.9/5; no NHS trust met all five criteria.ConclusionOverall, recording of employees’ conflicts of interest by NHS trusts is poor. None of the NHS Trusts in England met all transparency criteria. 19 did not respond to our FoIA requests, 51 did not provide a Gifts and Hospitality Register and only 31 of the registers provided contained enough information to assess employees’ conflicts of interest. Despite obligations on healthcare professionals to disclose conflicts of interest, and on organisations to record these, the current system for logging and tracking such disclosures is not functioning adequately. We propose a simple national template for reporting conflicts of interest, modelled on the US ‘Sunshine Act’.

Clustering Analysis of the Care Problems of People with Dementia Based on the Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithm: A Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minmin Leng ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Hui Chang ◽  
Zhiwen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Core ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Care Problems

BACKGROUND Recognizing the correlations between care problems of people with dementia could be beneficial, as it may help clinicians choose treatment methods because related symptom groups may respond to the same treatment intervention. However, generalizable data on the prevalence of care problems and potential clusters of care problems in people with dementia in China remain unavailable. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to (1) evaluate the prevalence of various care problems of people with dementia, and (2) explore the core care problems and the correlation between care problems of people with dementia. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was adopted to identify the care problems of people with dementia reported by family caregivers. The questionnaire consisted of two parts. The first part was mainly socio-demographic questions of people with dementia. The second part was the care problems evaluation sheet which involved three aspects: daily living care problems, behavioral and psychological symptoms, and safety risks. Care problems of people with dementia were measured with this care problems evaluation sheet. Clustering analysis of the care problems based on Kruskal's minimum spanning tree (MST) algorithm was performed in the Jupyter Notebook software to explore the core care problems and the correlation between care problems. RESULTS A total of 687 participants were included in the analysis. In general, the prevalence of having difficulty in language performance, agitated behavior, incidence of falls was relatively higher in people with dementia, which distressed their family caregivers. Through the clustering analysis based on the Kruskal's MST algorithm, the 63 care problems were clustered into 7 clusters. The 7 core care problems were “Don't know how to dress in order”, “Refusing to take a bath”, “Bedridden”, “Hitting, kicking, pushing, or biting others”, “Pacing and aimless wandering”, “Complaining”, and “Choking on food”. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of various care problems was high. Through the clustering analysis, care problems were clustered into 7 clusters and 7 core care problems were identified. The identity of just a few core care problems instead of a large number of them might have relevant clinical implications, in the sense that it may lead to a greater ease in the identification of underlying etiologies and to more rational treatments in people with dementia.

Cross-sectional study of Leptospira spp. in commercial pig farms in the state of Goiás, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Antônio Moreira Petri ◽  
Karina Sonalio ◽  
Henrique Meiroz de Souza Almeida ◽  
Marina Lopes Mechler-Dreibi ◽  
José Vanderlei Burim Galdeano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Pig Farms

scholarly journals Addiction to work and factors relating to this: a cross-sectional study on doctors in the state of Paraíba

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-517
Author(s):  
Walter Fernandes Azevedo ◽  
Lígia Andrade da Silva Telles Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Cancer, depression, and health care coverage in the state of Nevada: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 42-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pannaga G. Malalur ◽  
Manas Agastya ◽  
Yaser Dawod ◽  
Linha Phan ◽  
Mohammad talha Farooqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Average ◽  
The State ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Care Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Coverage

42 Background: The prevalence of depressive disorders in patients with malignancies is estimated at 20-50%, significantly greater than the general population. Existing literature reports a negative impact of depression on both the patient and their families. There is limited information regarding the impact of healthcare coverage on the prevalence of depression in such patients both in the state of Nevada and nationwide. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed using the Behavioral Risk Surveillance System (BRFSS) database from 2010 to 2014. All adult subjects with a history of malignancy were included. Demographic factors and health care coverage were reviewed. Individuals with skin cancer as well as those with missing data were excluded. Patients were assigned to two groups based on their insurance coverage status. Study population was further stratified into Nevada and non-Nevada residents and analyzed. Association between depression and health care coverage across the study groups were assessed using Pearson chi-square test and regression models. Results: 183,530 subjects nationwide met our inclusion criteria. The Nevada population represented 1% (1676) of the total study sample. In Nevada, the prevalence of cancer patients without healthcare coverage was 7.5% (N = 126) compared to individuals with coverage 92% (N = 1550). This is significantly higher when compared to the national average of 4.9 % without coverage (p = 0.001). Overall, the rate of depression in cancer patients with no healthcare coverage nationally was notably higher compared to those with coverage (37.5% vs 22.7%, p = 0.001). Similarly, statistically higher rates of depression were noted in non-insured Nevada patients compared to those insured [49 (38.8%) vs. 357 (23%), p 0.001)]. Conclusions: This study demonstrates significant association between depression and lack of insurance coverage; both nationwide as well as in the state of Nevada. The proportion of uninsured Nevada residents with malignancies were higher compared to the national average. Improved and early screening for depression is crucial in mitigating the potential complications and morbidity associated with depression in patients with cancer.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document