Interplay between diet and gut microbiome, and circulating concentrations of trimethylamine N-oxide: findings from a longitudinal cohort of US men

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2020-322473
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
Kerry L Ivey ◽  
Dong D Wang ◽  
Jeremy E Wilkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Red Meat Intake ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

ObjectivesGut-produced trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is postulated as a possible link between red meat intake and poor cardiometabolic health. We investigated whether gut microbiome could modify associations of dietary precursors with TMAO concentrations and cardiometabolic risk markers among free-living individuals.DesignWe collected up to two pairs of faecal samples (n=925) and two blood samples (n=473), 6 months apart, from 307 healthy men in the Men’s Lifestyle Validation Study. Diet was assessed repeatedly using food-frequency questionnaires and diet records. We profiled faecal metagenome and metatranscriptome using shotgun sequencing and identified microbial taxonomic and functional features.ResultsTMAO concentrations were associated with the overall microbial compositions (permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) test p=0.001). Multivariable taxa-wide association analysis identified 10 bacterial species whose abundance was significantly associated with plasma TMAO concentrations (false discovery rate <0.05). Higher habitual intake of red meat and choline was significantly associated with higher TMAO concentrations among participants who were microbial TMAO-producers (p<0.05), as characterised based on four abundant TMAO-predicting species, but not among other participants (for red meat, P-interaction=0.003; for choline, P-interaction=0.03). Among abundant TMAO-predicting species, Alistipes shahii significantly strengthened the positive association between red meat intake and HbA1c levels (P-interaction=0.01). Secondary analyses revealed that some functional features, including choline trimethylamine-lyase activating enzymes, were associated with TMAO concentrations.ConclusionWe identified microbial taxa that were associated with TMAO concentrations and modified the associations of red meat intake with TMAO concentrations and cardiometabolic risk markers. Our data underscore the interplay between diet and gut microbiome in producing potentially bioactive metabolites that may modulate cardiometabolic health.

Associations of Vigorous Gardening With Cardiometabolic Risk Markers for Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jonathan Kingsley ◽  
Nyssa Hadgraft ◽  
Neville Owen ◽  
Takemi Sugiyama ◽  
David W. Dunstan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

This study investigates the associations of vigorous-intensity gardening time with cardiometabolic health risk markers. This cross-sectional study (AusDiab) analyzed 2011–2012 data of 3,664 adults (55% women, mean [range], age = 59.3 [34–94] years) in Australia. Multiple linear regression models examined associations of time spent participating in vigorous gardening (0, <150 min/week, ≥150 min/week) with a clustered cardiometabolic risk (CMR) score and its components, for the whole sample and stratified by age and gender. Of participants, 61% did no vigorous gardening, 23% reported <150 min/week, and 16% reported ≥150 min/week. In the whole sample, spending ≥150 min/week in vigorous gardening was associated with lower CMR (lower CMR score, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and triglycerides) compared with no vigorous gardening. Stratified analyses suggested that these associations were almost exclusively observed for older adults and women. These findings suggest the public health potential of vigorous-intensity gardening in reducing CMR.

Abstract P507: Interplay Between Diet and Gut Microbiota, and Circulating Levels of Trimethylamine N-oxide: Findings From the Men’s Lifestyle Validation Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
Kerry Ivey ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Jeremy Wilkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Validation Study ◽  
Microbial Metabolism ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Red Meat Intake ◽  
Cardiometabolic Traits

Background: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is proposed as a possible culprit linking red meat intake and poor cardiovascular health. The relationship between diet, microbial metabolism, circulating TMAO levels, and cardiometabolic health in free-living individuals, is yet to be elucidated. Hypothesis: Specific microbial taxa may modulate associations of choline/L-carnitine and red meat intake with plasma TMAO levels and cardiometabolic traits. Method: We collected 2 pairs of fecal samples (n=925) and, simultaneously, 2 blood samples (n=473), 6 months apart, from 307 healthy men in the Men’s Lifestyle Validation Study in 2012. We performed Shotgun metagenomic sequencing using fecal samples and identified microbial taxonomic features using MetaPhlAn2. We measured hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c), and plasma levels of TMAO, lipids, and other cardiometabolic risk markers. Diet was assessed repeatedly using validated food-frequency questionnaires and dietary records. Results: Multivariable random-effect linear regressions identified 10 bacterial species that were significantly associated with TMAO levels ( FDR <0.05; Figure A ), and these species significantly modified the associations of dietary choline/L-carnitine and/or red meat intake with TMAO levels ( P interaction <0.05). In particular, Alistipes s hahii and Clostridium c itroniae significantly strengthened the association between red meat intake and TMAO levels, whereas Eubacterium b iforme attenuated this association ( P interaction <0.05). Consistently, the associations of higher red meat intake with higher HBA1c and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were more pronounced in the presence of A. s hahii and C. c itroniae or in the absence of E. b ifome ( Figure B ). Conclusions: We identified microbial taxa that modify the associations of red meat intake with circulating TMAO levels and cardiometabolic traits, in free-living men, suggesting an interplay between diet and microbial metabolism in producing TMAO and affecting cardiometabolic health.

scholarly journals Contributions of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Visceral Adiposity to Six-Year Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Apparently Healthy Men and Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1462-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Rhéaume ◽  
Benoit J. Arsenault ◽  
Marie-Pierre Dumas ◽  
Louis Pérusse ◽  
Angelo Tremblay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipid ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Context: Both excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels are associated with a deteriorated cardiometabolic risk profile. Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the respective contributions of changes in VAT accumulation vs. changes in CRF to 6-yr longitudinal changes in cardiometabolic risk markers. Design, Settings, and Participants: We conducted a prospective, population-based study with an average follow-up of 5.9 ± 0.8 yr. We followed 132 middle-aged participants from the Quebec Family Study (mean age, 35.3 ± 13.9 yr). VAT was measured by computed tomography, whereas the level of CRF was assessed by a submaximal physical working capacity test at baseline and at follow-up. A complete cardiometabolic risk profile, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin levels, C-reactive protein (n = 72), as well as a standard lipoprotein-lipid profile, was obtained at baseline and at follow-up. Main Outcome Measures: We measured changes in CRF, VAT, and cardiometabolic risk profile over 6 yr. Results: After adjusting for age and sex, 6-yr changes in VAT were negatively correlated with changes in CRF (r = −0.38; P &lt; 0.001). In a multivariate model that included age, sex, changes in VAT, changes in CRF, as well as baseline levels of the above cardiometabolic risk factors, 6-yr changes in VAT were the most important predictor of the change in the metabolic syndrome score (R2 = 13.2%; P &lt; 0.001). Adding 6-yr changes in CRF levels significantly improved the predictability of the model (R2 = 19.7%; P = 0.002). Conclusions: Changes in both VAT and CRF levels observed over 6 yr are associated with changes in parameters of the lipoprotein-lipid profile, glucose-insulin homeostasis, and inflammatory markers. Thus, maintaining a low level of VAT and a high level of CRF are important targets for maintenance of cardiometabolic health.

Abstract 48: Plant-based Diet Index and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers: Exploring the Role of the Gut Microbiome

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanping Li ◽  
Ambika Satija ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Kerry L Ivey ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Microbial Profile ◽  
Haemophilus Parainfluenzae ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Objectives: To investigate the association between a plant-based diet index and microbial composition and functionality, as well as the inter-relationships between plant-based diets, gut microbiome, and cardiometabolic risk markers. Design and method: Metagenomic profiling was performed on 916 fecal samples collected among 301 men who participated in the Men’s Lifestyle Validation Study. Using data from a food frequency questionnaire, a Plant-based Diet Index (PDI) was derived to assess the adherence to a plant-based diets. The associations between PDI adherence and the relative abundance of microbial species and pathways were evaluated using Multivariate Association with Linear Models (MaAsLin2). P values below 0.25 after false discovery rate correction following the Benjamini-Hochberg method were considered statistically significant. Results: After multivariate adjustment, the value of the PDI score was significantly and positively associated with the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (Spearman r=0.10, P=0.005). Specifically, the PDI was significantly associated with the relative abundance of 77 taxa (including 39 species) out of 506 filtered taxa and 15 pathways (out of 80 filtered features). In particular, a higher adherence to the PDI was significantly, positively, associated with of the relative abundance of Firmicutes and of pathways involving degradation of complex plant carbohydrates. It was also inversely associated with the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, as well as pathways involved in the urea cycle and amino acid biosynthesis. We also found that 14 species significantly interacted with PDI in modulating plasma ratio of TG to HDL-C. The association of PDI with lower TG to HDL ratio was significantly strengthened in the presence of the species positively correlated with the PDI score, such as Ruminococcus lactaris , Haemophilus parainfluenzae, and Methanobrevibacter smithii or in the absence of the species inversely correlated with the PDI score, such as Paraprevotella spp. Conclusions: A greater adherence to a plant-based diet was associated with a microbial profile featured by higher abundance of species in Firmicutes and depletion of species in Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, and such a profile may further strengthen the favorable associations between plant-based diets and human cardiometabolic risk.

scholarly journals Associations of genetic scores for birth weight with newborn size and later anthropometric traits and cardiometabolic risk markers in South Asians

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj Nongmaithem ◽  
Robin Beaumont ◽  
Akshay Dedaniya ◽  
Andrew Wood ◽  
Babatunji Ogunkolade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers ◽  
Newborn Size

Abstract We recently reported genetic variants associated with birth weight and their effect on future cardiometabolic risk in Europeans. Despite a higher burden of low birth weight and cardiometabolic disorders, such studies are lacking in South Asians. We generated fetal and maternal genetic scores (fGS and mGS) from 196 birth weight-associated variants identified in Europeans and conducted association analysis with various birth measures and serially measured anthropometric and cardiometabolic traits from seven Indian and Bangladeshi cohorts. Although fGS and mGS were comparable to Europeans, birth weight was substantially smaller suggesting strong environmental constraints on fetal growth in South Asians. Birth weight increased by 50.7g and 33.6g per standard deviation fGS (P=9.1x10-11) and mGS (P=0.003) in South Asians. The fGS was further associated with childhood body size and head circumference, fasting glucose, and triglycerides in adults (P<0.01). Our study supports a common genetic mechanism partly explaining associations between early development and later cardiometabolic health in different populations, despite phenotypic and environmental differences.

scholarly journals Associations of genetic scores for birth weight with newborn size and later Anthropometric traits and cardiometabolic risk markers in South Asians

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj S Nongmaithem ◽  
Robin N Beaumont ◽  
Akshay Dedaniya ◽  
Andrew R Wood ◽  
Babatunji-William Ogunkolade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers ◽  
Newborn Size

AbstractWe recently reported genetic variants associated with birth weight and their effect on future cardiometabolic risk in Europeans. Despite a higher burden of low birth weight and cardiometabolic disorders, such studies are lacking in South Asians. We generated fetal and maternal genetic scores (fGS and mGS) from 196 birth weight-associated variants identified in Europeans and conducted association analysis with various birth measures and serially measured anthropometric and cardiometabolic traits from seven Indian and Bangladeshi cohorts. Although fGS and mGS were comparable to Europeans, birth weight was substantially smaller suggesting strong environmental constraints on fetal growth in South Asians. Birth weight increased by 50.7g and 33.6g per standard deviation fGS (P=9.1×10−11) and mGS (P=0.003) in South Asians. The fGS was further associated with childhood body size and head circumference, fasting glucose, and triglycerides in adults (P<0.01). Our study supports a common genetic mechanism partly explaining associations between early development and later cardiometabolic health in different populations, despite phenotypic and environmental differences.

scholarly journals Effects of L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon consumption on longer-term and postprandial vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Ellen T.H.C. Smeets ◽  
Ronald P. Mensink ◽  
Peter J. Joris
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Abstract L-citrulline may improve non-invasive vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers through increases in L-arginine bioavailability and nitric oxide synthesis. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to examine longer-term and postprandial effects of L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon consumption on these markers for cardiovascular disease in adults. Summary estimates of weighted mean differences (WMDs) in vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers with accompanying 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random or fixed-effect meta-analyses. Seventeen RCTs were included involving an L-citrulline intervention, of which six studied postprandial and twelve longer-term effects. Five studies investigated longer-term effects of watermelon consumption and five assessed effects during the postprandial phase. Longer-term L-citrulline supplementation improved brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) by 0.9 %-point (95 % CI: 0.7 to 1.1, P < 0.001). Longer-term watermelon consumption improved pulse wave velocity by 0.9 m/s (95% CI: 0.1 to 1.5, P < 0.001), while effects on FMD were not studied. No postprandial effects on vascular function markers were found. Postprandial glucose concentrations decreased by 0.6 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.4 to 0.7, P < 0.001) following watermelon consumption, but no other longer-term or postprandial effects were observed on cardiometabolic risk markers. To conclude, longer-term L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon consumption may improve vascular function, suggesting a potential mechanism by which increased L-citrulline intake beneficially affects cardiovascular health outcomes in adults. No effects on postprandial vascular function markers were found, while more research is needed to investigate effects of L-citrulline and watermelon on risk markers related to cardiometabolic health.

Pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines are associated with cardiometabolic risk markers in Brazilian schoolchildren

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana De Santis Filgueiras ◽  
Milene Cristine Pessoa ◽  
Josefina Bressan ◽  
Fernanda Martins de Albuquerque ◽  
Lara Gomes Suhett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

scholarly journals Greater Fructose Consumption Is Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Markers and Visceral Adiposity in Adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman K. Pollock ◽  
Vanessa Bundy ◽  
William Kanto ◽  
Catherine L. Davis ◽  
Paul J. Bernard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Visceral Adiposity ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

scholarly journals Red meat intake is positively associated with non-fatal acute myocardial infarction in the Costa Rica Heart Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongqing Wang ◽  
Hannia Campos ◽  
Ana Baylin
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Acute Mi ◽  
Red Meat Intake ◽  
Processed Red Meat

AbstractThe adverse effect of red meat consumption on the risk for CVD is a major population health concern, especially in developing Hispanic/Latino countries in which there are clear trends towards increased consumption. This population-based case–control study examined the associations between total, processed and unprocessed red meat intakes and non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (MI) in Costa Rica. The study included 2131 survivors of a first non-fatal acute MI and 2131 controls individually matched by age, sex and area of residence. Dietary intake was assessed with a FFQ. OR were estimated by using conditional logistic regression. Higher intakes of total and processed red meat were associated with increased odds of acute MI. The OR were 1·31 (95 % CI 1·04, 1·65) and 1·29 (95 % CI 1·01, 1·65) for the highest quintiles of total red meat (median: 110·8 g or 1 serving/d) and processed red meat intake (median: 36·1 g or 5 servings/week), respectively. There were increasing trends in the odds of acute MI with higher total (Ptrend=0·01) and processed (Ptrend=0·02) red meat intakes. Unprocessed red meat intake was not associated with increased odds of acute MI. Substitutions of 50 g of alternative foods (fish, milk, chicken without skin and chicken without fat) for 50 g of total, processed and unprocessed red meat were associated with lower odds of acute MI. The positive association between red meat intake and acute MI in Costa Rica highlights the importance of reducing red meat consumption in middle-income Hispanic/Latino populations.

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