Contributions of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Visceral Adiposity to Six-Year Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Apparently Healthy Men and Women

Context: Both excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels are associated with a deteriorated cardiometabolic risk profile. Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the respective contributions of changes in VAT accumulation vs. changes in CRF to 6-yr longitudinal changes in cardiometabolic risk markers. Design, Settings, and Participants: We conducted a prospective, population-based study with an average follow-up of 5.9 ± 0.8 yr. We followed 132 middle-aged participants from the Quebec Family Study (mean age, 35.3 ± 13.9 yr). VAT was measured by computed tomography, whereas the level of CRF was assessed by a submaximal physical working capacity test at baseline and at follow-up. A complete cardiometabolic risk profile, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin levels, C-reactive protein (n = 72), as well as a standard lipoprotein-lipid profile, was obtained at baseline and at follow-up. Main Outcome Measures: We measured changes in CRF, VAT, and cardiometabolic risk profile over 6 yr. Results: After adjusting for age and sex, 6-yr changes in VAT were negatively correlated with changes in CRF (r = −0.38; P < 0.001). In a multivariate model that included age, sex, changes in VAT, changes in CRF, as well as baseline levels of the above cardiometabolic risk factors, 6-yr changes in VAT were the most important predictor of the change in the metabolic syndrome score (R2 = 13.2%; P < 0.001). Adding 6-yr changes in CRF levels significantly improved the predictability of the model (R2 = 19.7%; P = 0.002). Conclusions: Changes in both VAT and CRF levels observed over 6 yr are associated with changes in parameters of the lipoprotein-lipid profile, glucose-insulin homeostasis, and inflammatory markers. Thus, maintaining a low level of VAT and a high level of CRF are important targets for maintenance of cardiometabolic health.

Download Full-text

Associations of Vigorous Gardening With Cardiometabolic Risk Markers for Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2021-0207 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Jonathan Kingsley ◽

Nyssa Hadgraft ◽

Neville Owen ◽

Takemi Sugiyama ◽

David W. Dunstan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Risk Markers ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

And Gender ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

This study investigates the associations of vigorous-intensity gardening time with cardiometabolic health risk markers. This cross-sectional study (AusDiab) analyzed 2011–2012 data of 3,664 adults (55% women, mean [range], age = 59.3 [34–94] years) in Australia. Multiple linear regression models examined associations of time spent participating in vigorous gardening (0, <150 min/week, ≥150 min/week) with a clustered cardiometabolic risk (CMR) score and its components, for the whole sample and stratified by age and gender. Of participants, 61% did no vigorous gardening, 23% reported <150 min/week, and 16% reported ≥150 min/week. In the whole sample, spending ≥150 min/week in vigorous gardening was associated with lower CMR (lower CMR score, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and triglycerides) compared with no vigorous gardening. Stratified analyses suggested that these associations were almost exclusively observed for older adults and women. These findings suggest the public health potential of vigorous-intensity gardening in reducing CMR.

Download Full-text

Interactions between APOE genotype and plasma fatty acids on cardiometabolic risk markers in individuals with the Metabolic Syndrome

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s002966511500333x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 74 (OCE5) ◽

Author(s):

R. Fallaize ◽

A.L. Carvalho-Wells ◽

K. Ayres ◽

A. Dembinska-Kiec ◽

C.A. Drevon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Apoe Genotype ◽

Risk Markers ◽

Plasma Fatty Acids ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Download Full-text

Alteration in lipid profile and lipid indices as cardiometabolic risk markers in psoriasis

BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.4103/2468-838x.303816 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 49

Author(s):

Neela Mannangi ◽

Basavaraj Devaranavadagi ◽

BalachandraS Ankad ◽

BB Mahantesh

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Risk Markers ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Download Full-text

Interplay between diet and gut microbiome, and circulating concentrations of trimethylamine N-oxide: findings from a longitudinal cohort of US men

Gut ◽

10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322473 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. gutjnl-2020-322473

Author(s):

Jun Li ◽

Yanping Li ◽

Kerry L Ivey ◽

Dong D Wang ◽

Jeremy E Wilkinson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiome ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Red Meat ◽

Bioactive Metabolites ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Risk Markers ◽

Meat Intake ◽

Functional Features ◽

Red Meat Intake ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

ObjectivesGut-produced trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is postulated as a possible link between red meat intake and poor cardiometabolic health. We investigated whether gut microbiome could modify associations of dietary precursors with TMAO concentrations and cardiometabolic risk markers among free-living individuals.DesignWe collected up to two pairs of faecal samples (n=925) and two blood samples (n=473), 6 months apart, from 307 healthy men in the Men’s Lifestyle Validation Study. Diet was assessed repeatedly using food-frequency questionnaires and diet records. We profiled faecal metagenome and metatranscriptome using shotgun sequencing and identified microbial taxonomic and functional features.ResultsTMAO concentrations were associated with the overall microbial compositions (permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) test p=0.001). Multivariable taxa-wide association analysis identified 10 bacterial species whose abundance was significantly associated with plasma TMAO concentrations (false discovery rate <0.05). Higher habitual intake of red meat and choline was significantly associated with higher TMAO concentrations among participants who were microbial TMAO-producers (p<0.05), as characterised based on four abundant TMAO-predicting species, but not among other participants (for red meat, P-interaction=0.003; for choline, P-interaction=0.03). Among abundant TMAO-predicting species, Alistipes shahii significantly strengthened the positive association between red meat intake and HbA1c levels (P-interaction=0.01). Secondary analyses revealed that some functional features, including choline trimethylamine-lyase activating enzymes, were associated with TMAO concentrations.ConclusionWe identified microbial taxa that were associated with TMAO concentrations and modified the associations of red meat intake with TMAO concentrations and cardiometabolic risk markers. Our data underscore the interplay between diet and gut microbiome in producing potentially bioactive metabolites that may modulate cardiometabolic health.

Download Full-text

Associations of genetic scores for birth weight with newborn size and later anthropometric traits and cardiometabolic risk markers in South Asians

10.21203/rs.3.rs-347804/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Suraj Nongmaithem ◽

Robin Beaumont ◽

Akshay Dedaniya ◽

Andrew Wood ◽

Babatunji Ogunkolade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

South Asians ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Risk Markers ◽

Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽

Different Populations ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Markers ◽

Newborn Size

Abstract We recently reported genetic variants associated with birth weight and their effect on future cardiometabolic risk in Europeans. Despite a higher burden of low birth weight and cardiometabolic disorders, such studies are lacking in South Asians. We generated fetal and maternal genetic scores (fGS and mGS) from 196 birth weight-associated variants identified in Europeans and conducted association analysis with various birth measures and serially measured anthropometric and cardiometabolic traits from seven Indian and Bangladeshi cohorts. Although fGS and mGS were comparable to Europeans, birth weight was substantially smaller suggesting strong environmental constraints on fetal growth in South Asians. Birth weight increased by 50.7g and 33.6g per standard deviation fGS (P=9.1x10-11) and mGS (P=0.003) in South Asians. The fGS was further associated with childhood body size and head circumference, fasting glucose, and triglycerides in adults (P<0.01). Our study supports a common genetic mechanism partly explaining associations between early development and later cardiometabolic health in different populations, despite phenotypic and environmental differences.

Download Full-text

Associations of genetic scores for birth weight with newborn size and later Anthropometric traits and cardiometabolic risk markers in South Asians

10.1101/2021.04.16.21254284 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Suraj S Nongmaithem ◽

Robin N Beaumont ◽

Akshay Dedaniya ◽

Andrew R Wood ◽

Babatunji-William Ogunkolade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

South Asians ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Risk Markers ◽

Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽

Different Populations ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Markers ◽

Newborn Size

AbstractWe recently reported genetic variants associated with birth weight and their effect on future cardiometabolic risk in Europeans. Despite a higher burden of low birth weight and cardiometabolic disorders, such studies are lacking in South Asians. We generated fetal and maternal genetic scores (fGS and mGS) from 196 birth weight-associated variants identified in Europeans and conducted association analysis with various birth measures and serially measured anthropometric and cardiometabolic traits from seven Indian and Bangladeshi cohorts. Although fGS and mGS were comparable to Europeans, birth weight was substantially smaller suggesting strong environmental constraints on fetal growth in South Asians. Birth weight increased by 50.7g and 33.6g per standard deviation fGS (P=9.1×10−11) and mGS (P=0.003) in South Asians. The fGS was further associated with childhood body size and head circumference, fasting glucose, and triglycerides in adults (P<0.01). Our study supports a common genetic mechanism partly explaining associations between early development and later cardiometabolic health in different populations, despite phenotypic and environmental differences.

Download Full-text

Metabolic profiling of alcohol consumption in 9778 young adults

10.1101/041582 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Peter Würtz ◽

Sarah Cook ◽

Qin Wang ◽

Mika Tiainen ◽

Tuulia Tynkkynen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Young Adults ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Risk Markers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Metabolic Signature ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Background: High alcohol consumption is a major cause of morbidity, yet alcohol is associated with both favourable and adverse effects on cardiometabolic risk markers. We aimed to characterize the associations of usual alcohol consumption with a comprehensive systemic metabolite profile in young adults. Methods: Cross-sectional associations of alcohol intake with 86 metabolic measures were assessed for 9778 individuals from three population-based cohorts from Finland (age 24 45 years, 52% women). Metabolic changes associated with change in alcohol intake during 6-year follow-up were further examined for 1466 individuals. Alcohol intake was assessed by questionnaires. Circulating lipids, fatty acids and metabolites were quantified by high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics and biochemical assays. Results: Increased alcohol intake was associated with cardiometabolic risk markers across multiple metabolic pathways, including higher lipid concentrations in HDL subclasses and smaller LDL particle size, increased proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids and decreased proportion of omega-6 fatty acids, lower concentrations of glutamine and citrate (P<0.001 for 56 metabolic measures). Many metabolic biomarkers displayed U-shaped associations with alcohol consumption. Results were coherent for men and women, consistent across the three cohorts, and similar if adjusting for body mass index, smoking and physical activity. The metabolic changes accompanying change in alcohol intake during follow-up resembled the cross-sectional association pattern (R2=0.83, slope=0.72±0.04). Conclusions: Alcohol consumption is associated with a complex metabolic signature, including aberrations in multiple biomarkers for elevated cardiometabolic risk. The metabolic signature tracks with long-term changes in alcohol consumption. These results elucidate the double-edged effects of alcohol on cardiovascular risk.

Download Full-text

Effects of L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon consumption on longer-term and postprandial vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in adults

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114521004803 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-34

Author(s):

Ellen T.H.C. Smeets ◽

Ronald P. Mensink ◽

Peter J. Joris

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Risk Markers ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Abstract L-citrulline may improve non-invasive vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers through increases in L-arginine bioavailability and nitric oxide synthesis. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to examine longer-term and postprandial effects of L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon consumption on these markers for cardiovascular disease in adults. Summary estimates of weighted mean differences (WMDs) in vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers with accompanying 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random or fixed-effect meta-analyses. Seventeen RCTs were included involving an L-citrulline intervention, of which six studied postprandial and twelve longer-term effects. Five studies investigated longer-term effects of watermelon consumption and five assessed effects during the postprandial phase. Longer-term L-citrulline supplementation improved brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) by 0.9 %-point (95 % CI: 0.7 to 1.1, P < 0.001). Longer-term watermelon consumption improved pulse wave velocity by 0.9 m/s (95% CI: 0.1 to 1.5, P < 0.001), while effects on FMD were not studied. No postprandial effects on vascular function markers were found. Postprandial glucose concentrations decreased by 0.6 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.4 to 0.7, P < 0.001) following watermelon consumption, but no other longer-term or postprandial effects were observed on cardiometabolic risk markers. To conclude, longer-term L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon consumption may improve vascular function, suggesting a potential mechanism by which increased L-citrulline intake beneficially affects cardiovascular health outcomes in adults. No effects on postprandial vascular function markers were found, while more research is needed to investigate effects of L-citrulline and watermelon on risk markers related to cardiometabolic health.

Download Full-text