scholarly journals Disrupted spermatogenesis in a metabolic syndrome model: the role of vitamin A metabolism in the gut–testis axis

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2020-323347
Author(s):  
Teng Zhang ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Qi Geng ◽  
Haitao Fan ◽  
Yutian Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Vitamin A Metabolism ◽  
Testicular Cells ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Model

ObjectiveEffects of the diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis reach far beyond the gut. We aim to uncover the direct evidence involving the gut–testis axis in the aetiology of impaired spermatogenesis.DesignAn excessive-energy diet-induced metabolic syndrome (MetS) sheep model was established. The testicular samples, host metabolomes and gut microbiome were analysed. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) confirmed the linkage between gut microbiota and spermatogenesis.ResultsWe demonstrated that the number of arrested spermatogonia was markedly elevated by using 10× single-cell RNA-seq in the MetS model. Furthermore, through using metabolomics profiling and 16S rDNA-seq, we discovered that the absorption of vitamin A in the gut was abolished due to a notable reduction of bile acid levels, which was significantly associated with reduced abundance of Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group. Notably, the abnormal metabolic effects of vitamin A were transferable to the testicular cells through the circulating blood, which contributed to abnormal spermatogenesis, as confirmed by FMT.ConclusionThese findings define a starting point for linking the testicular function and regulation of gut microbiota via host metabolomes and will be of potential value for the treatment of male infertility in MetS.

scholarly journals Effects of whole-grain wheat, rye, and lignan supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in men with metabolic syndrome: a randomized crossover trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 864-876
Author(s):  
Anne K Eriksen ◽  
Carl Brunius ◽  
Mohsen Mazidi ◽  
Per M Hellström ◽  
Ulf Risérus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

ABSTRACT Background A whole-grain (WG)–rich diet has shown to have potential for both prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is a cluster of risk factors that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Different WGs may have different health effects. WG rye, in particular, may improve glucose homeostasis and blood lipids, possibly mediated through fermentable dietary fiber and lignans. Recent studies have also suggested a crucial role of the gut microbiota in response to WG. Objectives The aim was to investigate WG rye, alone and with lignan supplements [secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG)], and WG wheat diets on glucose tolerance [oral-glucose-tolerance test (OGTT)], other cardiometabolic outcomes, enterolignans, and microbiota composition. Moreover, we exploratively evaluated the role of gut microbiota enterotypes in response to intervention diets. Methods Forty men with MetS risk profile were randomly assigned to WG diets in an 8-wk crossover study. The rye diet was supplemented with 280 mg SDG at weeks 4–8. Effects of treatment were evaluated by mixed-effects modeling, and effects on microbiota composition and the role of gut microbiota as a predictor of response to treatment were analyzed by random forest plots. Results The WG rye diet (± SDG supplements) did not affect the OGTT compared with WG wheat. Total and LDL cholesterol were lowered (−0.06 and −0.09 mmol/L, respectively; P < 0.05) after WG rye compared with WG wheat after 4 wk but not after 8 wk. WG rye resulted in higher abundance of Bifidobacterium [fold-change (FC) = 2.58, P < 0.001] compared with baseline and lower abundance of Clostridium genus compared with WG wheat (FC = 0.54, P = 0.02). The explorative analyses suggest that baseline enterotype is associated with total and LDL-cholesterol response to diet. Conclusions WG rye, alone or with SDG supplementation, compared with WG wheat did not affect glucose metabolism but caused transient LDL-cholesterol reduction. The effect of WG diets appeared to differ according to enterotype. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02987595.

scholarly journals Role of gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome: a review of recent evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. e105
Author(s):  
Manuel Alveirinho ◽  
Paula Freitas ◽  
Maria Leonor Faleiro
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota

The potential role of the intestinal gut microbiota in obesity and the metabolic syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 71-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Fava ◽  
Julie A. Lovegrove ◽  
Kieran M. Tuohy ◽  
Glenn R. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals The interaction of selenoprotein F (SELENOF) with retinol dehydrogenase 11 (RDH11) implied a role of SELENOF in vitamin A metabolism

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Tian ◽  
Jiapan Liu ◽  
Jieqiong Li ◽  
Jingxin Zheng ◽  
Lifang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Retinol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Vitamin A Metabolism

scholarly journals Role and Mechanism of Vitamin A Metabolism in the Pathophysiology of Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Anaıs Marie ◽  
Morgane Darricau ◽  
Katia Touyarot ◽  
Louise C. Parr-Brownlie ◽  
Clémentine Bosch-Bouju
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Vitamin A Metabolism ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

Evidence shows that altered retinoic acid signaling may contribute to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Retinoic acid is the bioactive derivative of the lipophilic vitamin A. Vitamin A is involved in several important homeostatic processes, such as cell differentiation, antioxidant activity, inflammation and neuronal plasticity. The role of vitamin A and its derivatives in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, and their potential as therapeutics, has drawn attention for more than 10 years. However, the literature sits in disparate fields. Vitamin A could act at the crossroad of multiple environmental and genetic factors of PD. The purpose of this review is to outline what is known about the role of vitamin A metabolism in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of PD. We examine key biological systems and mechanisms that are under the control of vitamin A and its derivatives, which are (or could be) exploited for therapeutic potential in PD: the survival of dopaminergic neurons, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, circadian rhythms, homeostasis of the enteric nervous system, and hormonal systems. We focus on the pivotal role of ALDH1A1, an enzyme expressed by dopaminergic neurons for the detoxification of these neurons, which is under the control of retinoic acid. By providing an integrated summary, this review will guide future studies on the potential role of vitamin A in the management of symptoms, health and wellbeing for PD patients.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota and Predicted Metabolic Pathways in a Sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Chávez-Carbajal ◽  
Khemlal Nirmalkar ◽  
Ana Pérez-Lizaur ◽  
Fernando Hernández-Quiroz ◽  
Silvia Ramírez-del-Alto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Gut Bacteria ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Significant Enrichment ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
High Throughput Dna Sequencing

Obesity is an excessive fat accumulation that could lead to complications like metabolic syndrome. There are reports on gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in relation to dietary, host genetics, and other environmental factors; however, it is necessary to explore the role of the gut microbiota metabolic pathways in populations like Mexicans, where the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome is high. This study identify alterations of the gut microbiota in a sample of healthy Mexican women (CO), women with obesity (OB), and women with obesity plus metabolic syndrome (OMS). We studied 67 women, characterizing their anthropometric and biochemical parameters along with their gut bacterial diversity by high-throughput DNA sequencing. Our results indicate that in OB or OMS women, Firmicutes was the most abundant bacterial phylum. We observed significant changes in abundances of bacteria belonging to the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae families and significant enrichment of gut bacteria from 16 different taxa that might explain the observed metabolic alterations between the groups. Finally, the predicted functional metagenome of the gut microbiota found in each category shows differences in metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism. We demonstrate that Mexican women have a particular bacterial gut microbiota characteristic of each phenotype. There are bacteria that potentially explain the observed metabolic differences between the groups, and gut bacteria in OMS and OB conditions carry more genes of metabolic pathways implicated in lipid metabolism.

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