scholarly journals Differing associations for sport versus occupational physical activity and cardiovascular risk

Heart ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (14) ◽  
pp. 1165-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Mario Ferrario ◽  
Mattia Roncaioli ◽  
Giovanni Veronesi ◽  
Andreas Holtermann ◽  
Els Clays ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P Value ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Health Paradox

ObjectivesWe investigate the independent and interacting long-term associations of occupational physical activity (OPA) and sport physical activity (SpPA) with the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD; CHD plus ischaemic stroke) in North Italian male workers.Methods3574 employed men aged 25–64 years, free of CVD at baseline, recruited in three population-based and one factory-based cohorts, were included in the analysis. The Baecke Questionnaire was used to assess OPA and SpPA in ‘minutes per week’ of moderate or vigorous PA. We estimated the associations between different domains of PA and the endpoints, adjusting for major CVD risk factors, using Cox models.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 14 years, 135 and 174 first CHD and CVD events, fatal and non-fatal, occurred. Compared with the intermediate OPA tertile, the HRs for CHD among low and high OPA workers were 1.66 (95% CI 1.06 to 2.59) and 1.18 (0.72 to 1.94), respectively (P value=0.07). Decreasing trends in CHD and CVD rates across increasing levels of SpPA were also found, with an HR for CVD of 0.68 (0.46 to 0.98) for intermediate/recommended SpPA compared with poor SpPA. We also found a statistically significant SpPA-OPA interaction, and the protective effect of SpPA was only found among sedentary workers, for both endpoints. Conversely, high OPA workers with intermediate/recommended SpPA levels had increased CHD and CVD rates compared with the poor SpPA category.ConclusionsOur results provide further evidence on the health paradox of OPA, with higher CVD rates among workers with intense PA at work. Moreover, the protective effect on CVDs of SpPA is prominent in sedentary workers, but it attenuates and even reverses in moderate and strenuous OPA workers.

scholarly journals Number of parity/live birth(s) and cardiovascular disease among Iranian women and men: Results of over 15 years of follow-up.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Saeed Moazzeni ◽  
Hossein Toreyhi ◽  
Samaneh Asgari ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Abstract Background: Most previous studies, conducted in non-Middle Eastern populations, have suggested that increase in the number of parity/live birth(s) leads to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, although their findings were inconclusive on this issue for both sexes. Biologic and socioeconomic pathways were suggested to explain this association. We studied this issue among urban Iranian men and women. Methods: In this population-based cohort study, included 3929 women and 2571 men aged ≥ 30 years, Data for number of parity/live birth(s) were obtained by standard questionnaire. Participants were then annually followed for CVD events. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the number of parity/live birth(s) and other traditional CVD risk factors. Results: During more than 15 years of follow-up, 456 and 524 CVD events have occurred among women and men, respectively. Among women, a J-shaped association was found between the number of live births and incident CVD with the lowest risk for women with 2 live births. Among women in multivariate analyses, each unit increase in parity had a HR of 1.05 (CI: 1.01-1.10) and having ≥4 parity was associated with a HR of 1.86 (0.97-3.56, p-value=0.061). Among men, in comparison with participants who had 1 child, multivariate HRs of having 2, 3 and ≥4 children were 1.97 (1.24-3.12), 2.08 (1.31-3.31) and 2.08 (1.30-3.34), respectively. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first report of this issue in the Middle East and North Africa region, a region with high burden of CVD. It can now be suggested that the number of parity/live birth(s) is linked to CVD among the Iranian population, with this issue being more prominent among men. Further research is needed to support our results and clarify the pathways between the number of parity/live birth(s) and CVD development among Iranian populations by considering potential risk factors, especially psycho-socio-economic risk factors.

scholarly journals Number of parity/live birth(s) and cardiovascular disease among Iranian women and men: Results of over 15 years of follow-up.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Saeed Moazzeni ◽  
Hossein Toreyhi ◽  
Samaneh Asgari ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Abstract Background: Most previous studies conducted in non-Middle Eastern populations have suggested that an increase in the number of parity/live birth(s) leads to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, although their findings were inconclusive on this issue for both sexes. Biologic and socioeconomic pathways were suggested to explain this association. We studied this issue among urban Iranian men and women.Methods: In this population-based cohort study, which included 3929 women and 2571 men aged ≥ 30 years, data for the number of parity/live birth(s) were obtained by a standard questionnaire. Participants were then annually followed for CVD events. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the number of parity/live birth(s) and other traditional CVD risk factors.Results: During more than 15 years of follow-up, 456 and 524 CVD events have occurred among women and men, respectively. Among women, a J-shaped association was found between the number of live births and incident CVD with the lowest risk for women with two live births. Among women in multivariate analyses, each unit increase in parity had a HR of 1.05 (CI: 1.01-1.10), and having ≥4 parity was associated with a HR of 1.86 (0.97-3.56, p-value=0.061). Among men, in comparison with participants who had 1 child, multivariate HRs of having 2, 3, and ≥4 children were 1.97 (1.24-3.12), 2.08 (1.31-3.31), and 2.08 (1.30-3.34), respectively.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first report on this issue in the Middle East and North Africa region, a region with a high burden of CVD. It can now be suggested that the number of parity/live birth(s) is linked to CVD among the Iranian population, with this issue being more prominent among men. Further research is needed to support our results and clarify the pathways between the number of parity/live birth(s) and CVD development among Iranian populations by considering potential risk factors, especially psycho-socio-economic risk factors.

scholarly journals Number of parity/live birth(s) and cardiovascular disease among Iranian women and men: Results of over 15 years of follow-up.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Saeed Moazzeni ◽  
Hoseein Toreyhi ◽  
Samaneh Asgari ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Potential Factors

Abstract Background Most previous studies, conducted in non-Middle Eastern populations, have suggested that increase in the number of parity/live birth(s) leads to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, although this issue is still controversial among both sexes. Biologic and socioeconomic pathways were suggested to explain this association. We studied this issue among urban Iranian men and women. Methods In this population-based cohort study, included 3929 women and 2571 men aged ≥ 30 years, Data for number of parity/live birth(s) were obtained by standard questionnaire. Participants were then annually followed for CVD events. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the number of parity/live birth(s) and other traditional CVD risk factors. Results During more than 15 years of follow-up, 456 and 524 CVD events have occurred among women and men, respectively. Among women, a J-shaped association was found between the number of live births and incident CVD with the lowest risk for women with 2 live births. Among women in multivariate analyses, each unit increase in parity had a HR of 1.05 (CI: 1.01–1.10) and having ≥ 4 parities was associated with a HR of 1.86 (0.97–3.56, p-value = 0.061). Among men, in comparison with participants who had 1 child, multivariate HRs of having 2, 3 and ≥ 4 children were 1.97 (1.24–3.12), 2.08 (1.31–3.31) and 2.08 (1.30–3.34), respectively. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first report of this issue in the Middle East and North Africa region, a region with high burden of CVD. It can now be suggested that the number of parity/live birth(s) is linked to CVD among the Iranian population, with this issue being more prominent among men. Further research is needed to support our results and clarify the pathways between the number of parity/live birth(s) and CVD development among Iranian populations by considering potential factors, especially psycho-socio-economic factors.

scholarly journals Physical activity trajectories and mortality: population based cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. l2323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Mok ◽  
Kay-Tee Khaw ◽  
Robert Luben ◽  
Nick Wareham ◽  
Soren Brage
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Hazard Ratios

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prospective associations of baseline and long term trajectories of physical activity on mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.DesignPopulation based cohort study.SettingAdults from the general population in the UK.Participants14 599 men and women (aged 40 to 79) from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk cohort, assessed at baseline (1993 to 1997) up to 2004 for lifestyle and other risk factors; then followed to 2016 for mortality (median of 12.5 years of follow-up, after the last exposure assessment).Main exposurePhysical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) derived from questionnaires, calibrated against combined movement and heart rate monitoring.Main outcome measuresMortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Multivariable proportional hazards regression models were adjusted for age, sex, sociodemographics, and changes in medical history, overall diet quality, body mass index, blood pressure, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels.ResultsDuring 171 277 person years of follow-up, 3148 deaths occurred. Long term increases in PAEE were inversely associated with mortality, independent of baseline PAEE. For each 1 kJ/kg/day per year increase in PAEE (equivalent to a trajectory of being inactive at baseline and gradually, over five years, meeting the World Health Organization minimum physical activity guidelines of 150 minutes/week of moderate-intensity physical activity), hazard ratios were: 0.76 (95% confidence interval 0.71 to 0.82) for all cause mortality, 0.71 (0.62 to 0.82) for cardiovascular disease mortality, and 0.89 (0.79 to 0.99) for cancer mortality, adjusted for baseline PAEE, and established risk factors. Similar results were observed when analyses were stratified by medical history of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Joint analyses with baseline and trajectories of physical activity show that, compared with consistently inactive individuals, those with increasing physical activity trajectories over time experienced lower risks of mortality from all causes, with hazard ratios of 0.76 (0.65 to 0.88), 0.62 (0.53 to 0.72), and 0.58 (0.43 to 0.78) at low, medium, and high baseline physical activity, respectively. At the population level, meeting and maintaining at least the minimum physical activity recommendations would potentially prevent 46% of deaths associated with physical inactivity.ConclusionsMiddle aged and older adults, including those with cardiovascular disease and cancer, can gain substantial longevity benefits by becoming more physically active, irrespective of past physical activity levels and established risk factors. Considerable population health impacts can be attained with consistent engagement in physical activity during mid to late life.

scholarly journals Clinical and genetic factors associated with mismanagement of dyslipidemia. Multiple cross-sectional analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Chekanova ◽  
P Marques-Vidal ◽  
N Abolhassani
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Aims Identify the clinical and genetic factors associated with poor control of high cholesterol in the Swiss population. Methods Data from three waves [baseline, N = 617; first, N = 844 and second, N = 798 follow-ups] of a population-based, prospective study conducted in Lausanne, Switzerland. Inadequate management of dyslipidemia was assessed according to the most common Swiss guideline. Genetic scores for lipid levels were computed based on the existing literature. Results Prevalence of inadequately managed dyslipidemia was 30%, 31.5% and 17.4% in the baseline, first and second follow-up. On multivariable analysis, participants at high risk of CVD had a lower likelihood of being adequately managed: odds ratio (OR) and (95% confidence interval) for high-risk relative to low-risk: 0.10 (0.06-0.18), 0.11 (0.07-0.17) and 0.15 (0.09-0.27) for the baseline, first and second follow-up (p for trend < 0.001). Use of more potent statins increased the likelihood of adequate management, OR and (95% CI) for third vs. first level: 2.89 (1.76-4.74) and 5.17 (2.51-10.6) in the first and second follow-up (p for trend < 0.001). No differences in total cholesterol, LDL and HDL genetic scores were found between adequately and inadequately managed participants: for the total cholesterol, -3.7 ± 9.6 vs. -2.7 ± 9.4; -3.5 ± 8.9 vs. -3.7 ± 9.5 and -3.8 ± 8.9 vs. -3.3 ± 9.4 in the baseline, first and second follow-up, p = NS. Those findings were replicated when the thresholds for adequate control were relaxed. Conclusion Management of dyslipidemia is suboptimal in Switzerland. Use of newer, more potent statins in high-risk patients could improve this status. The use of genetic scores appears to be of little interest. Multivariate Analysis First FUOR (95% CI) p-value Second FUOR (95% CI) p-value CVD risk Intermediate 0.18 (0.10 - 0.32) <0.001 0.22 (0.09 - 0.55) 0.001 High 0.07 (0.04 - 0.12) <0.001 0.09 (0.04 - 0.2) <0.001 p-value for trend <0.001 <0.001 Swiss vs Non-Swiss 1.34 (0.87 - 2.05) 0.181 0.79 (0.43 - 1.43) 0.428 FH dyslipidemia (yes/no) 1.02 (0.63 - 1.63) 0.948 0.55 (0.29 - 1.03) 0.060 Statins potency First 1 (ref.) 1 (ref.) Second 2.00 (1.22 - 3.27) 0.006 2.59 (1.23 - 5.44) 0.012 Third 2.89 (1.76 - 4.74) <0.001 5.17 (2.51 - 10.6) <0.001 p-value for trend <0.001 <0.001

Preeclampsia and the Ten-Year Risk of Incident Chronic Kidney Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-197
Author(s):  
Samira Behboudi-Gandevani ◽  
Mina Amiri ◽  
Maryam Rahmati ◽  
Saber Amanollahi Soudmand ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Prior History ◽  
P Value

Background: Although preeclampsia (PE), as an endothelial disorder can lead to renal dysfunction during pregnancy, results of studies focusing on the potential long-term potential effects of PE on renal function are insufficient and those available are controversial. This study investigated the incidence rate and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among women with prior history of PE compared with healthy controls in a long-term population-based study. Methods: This was a prospective population-based cohort study. Subjects were 1,851 eligible women, aged 20–50 years, with at least 1 pregnancy (177 women with prior-PE and 1,674 non-PE controls) selected from among the Tehran-Lipid and Glucose-Study-participants. A pooled-logistic-regression-model and Cox’s-proportional-hazards-models were utilized to estimate the risk of CKD in women of both PE and without PE groups, after further adjustment for confounders. Results: Median and interquartile ranges for follow-up durations of the PE and non-PE groups were 7.78 (5.19–10.40) and 7.32 (4.73–11.00) years, respectively. Total cumulative incidence rates of CKD at the median follow-up time of each group were 35/100,000 (95% CI 25/100,000–50/100,000) and 36/100,000 (95% CI 32/100,000–39/100,000) in PE and non-PE women, respectively (p value = 0.90). Based on pooled-logistic-regression-analysis, OR of CKD progression (adjusted for age, body mass index [BMI], systolic blood pressure [SBP], and diastolic blood pressure [DBP]) for the PE group did not differ, compared to their non-PE counterparts (OR 1.04; p value = 0.80; 95% CI 0.77–1.40). Compared to non-PE women, women with prior PE did not have higher hazard ratios (HRs) of developing CKD in the unadjusted model (unadjusted HR 1.1, 95% CI 0.83–1.69, p = 0.35), results which remained unchanged after adjustment for age, BMI, baseline SBP, and DBP. Conclusion: PE was not found to be a risk factor for CKD. More studies using a prospective cohort design with long-term follow-ups are needed to investigate the relationship between preeclamsia and CKD.

scholarly journals Fear Avoidance Beliefs and Risk of Long-Term Sickness Absence: Prospective Cohort Study among Workers with Musculoskeletal Pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Jay ◽  
Sannie Vester Thorsen ◽  
Emil Sundstrup ◽  
Ramon Aiguadé ◽  
Jose Casaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
Fear Avoidance ◽  
Fear Avoidance Beliefs ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

Background and Objective. Musculoskeletal pain is common in the population. Negative beliefs about musculoskeletal pain and physical activity may lead to avoidance behavior resulting in absence from work. The present study investigates the influence of fear avoidance beliefs on long-term sickness absence. Methods. Workers of the general working population with musculoskeletal pain (low back, neck/shoulder, and/or arm/hand pain; n = 8319) from the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study were included. Long-term sickness absence data were obtained from the Danish Register for Evaluation and Marginalization (DREAM). Time-to-event analyses (cox regression) controlled for various confounders estimated the association between fear avoidance beliefs (very low, low, moderate [reference category], high, and very high) at baseline and long-term sickness absence (LTSA; ≥6 consecutive weeks) during a 2-year follow-up. Results. During the 2-year follow-up, 10.2% of the workers experienced long-term sickness absence. In the fully adjusted model, very high-level fear avoidance increased the risk of LTSA with hazard ratio (HR) of 1.48 (95% CI 1.15-1.90). Similar results were seen analyses stratified for occupational physical activity, i.e., sedentary workers (HR 1.72 (95% CI 1.04-2.83)) and physically active workers (HR 1.48 (95% CI 1.10-2.01)). Conclusion. A very high level of fear avoidance is a risk factor for long-term sickness absence among workers with musculoskeletal pain regardless of the level of occupational physical activity. Future interventions should target fear avoidance beliefs through information and campaigns about the benefits of staying active when having musculoskeletal pain.

scholarly journals Number of parity/live birth(s) and cardiovascular disease among Iranian women and men: Results of over 15 years of follow-up.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Saeed Moazzeni ◽  
Hossein Toreyhi ◽  
Samaneh Asgari ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Abstract Background: Most previous studies conducted in non-Middle Eastern populations have suggested that an increase in the number of parity/live birth(s) leads to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, although their findings were inconclusive on this issue for both sexes. Biologic and socioeconomic pathways were suggested to explain this association. We studied this issue among urban Iranian men and women.Methods: In this population-based cohort study, which included 3929 women and 2571 men aged ≥ 30 years, data for the number of parity/live birth(s) were obtained by a standard questionnaire. Participants were then annually followed for CVD events. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the number of parity/live birth(s) and other traditional CVD risk factors.Results: During more than 15 years of follow-up, 456 and 524 CVD events have occurred among women and men, respectively. Among women, a J-shaped association was found between the number of live births and incident CVD with the lowest risk for women with two live births. Among women in multivariate analyses, each unit increase in parity had a HR of 1.05 (CI: 1.01-1.10), and having ≥4 parity was associated with a HR of 1.86 (0.97-3.56, p-value=0.061). Among men, in comparison with participants who had 1 child, multivariate HRs of having 2, 3, and ≥4 children were 1.97 (1.24-3.12), 2.08 (1.31-3.31), and 2.08 (1.30-3.34), respectively.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first report on this issue in the Middle East and North Africa region, a region with a high burden of CVD. It can now be suggested that the number of parity/live birth(s) is linked to CVD among the Iranian population, with this issue being more prominent among men. Further research is needed to support our results and clarify the pathways between the number of parity/live birth(s) and CVD development among Iranian populations by considering potential risk factors, especially psycho-socio-economic risk factors.

scholarly journals Does high occupational physical activity hamper the beneficial health effects of leisure time physical activity? Evidence of the physical activity health paradox from a prospective study on compositional accelerometry data and long-term sickness absence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Gupta ◽  
Sofie Dencker-Larsen ◽  
Charlotte Lund Rasmussen ◽  
Duncan McGregor ◽  
Charlotte Diana Nørregaard Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Health Paradox

Abstract Background: The ‘physical activity health paradox’ advocates that leisure physical activity (PA) promotes health while occupational PA impairs health. However, this paradox can be explained by methodological limitations of the previous studies—self-reported PA measures, socioeconomic confounding or not addressing the compositional nature of PA. Therefore, this study investigated the association between compositions of accelerometer-based moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) time at work and leisure and onset of long-term sickness absence (LTSA). Methods: Time spent on MVPA and remaining physical behaviours (sedentary behaviour, standing, light PA and time in bed) at work and leisure was measured for 929 workers using thigh accelerometry and expressed as isometric log-ratios (ilrs). LTSA was register-based events of ≥6 consecutive weeks during 4-year follow-up. The association between ilrs and LTSA was analysed using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for remaining physical behaviours and potential confounders, then separately adjusting for and stratifying on education and type of work. Results: During the follow-up, 21% workers experienced LTSA. During leisure, more relative MVPA time was negatively associated with LTSA (20% lower risk with 20 minutes higher MVPA, P=0.02). At work, more relative MVPA time was positively associated with LTSA (15% higher risk with 20 minutes higher MVPA, P=0.02). Beneficial association between MVPA at leisure and LTSA was only observed for the lowest tertile of MVPA at work (P=0.03). Results remained unchanged when adjusted for or stratified on education and type of work. Conclusion: These findings provide further support to the ‘PA health paradox’. Key words: physical activity, sedentary behavior, accelerometers, sick leave, occupational health, time-use epidemiology, register-based sickness absence

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