Ovarian germ cell malignancy and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: A case report

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moodley ◽  
J. Moodley
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Endodermal Sinus Tumor ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Sinus Tumor ◽  
Cell Malignancy

The occurrence of germ cell tumors in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has not been previously reported. However, with the HIV pandemic in certain parts of the world, this association has become a reality. The approach to management as well as the role of adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy is problematic as many of these therapies are toxic. The appropriate management of such tumors will remain elusive for sometime. The presentation, management, and outcome of ovarian endodermal sinus tumor in a HIV-infected patient is reported.

Possible Role of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and CD40 Ligand Expression in the Pathogenesis of Hypergammaglobulinemia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Modulation of IL-10 and Ig Production After Intravenous Ig Infusion

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 3721-3729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Müller ◽  
Pål Aukrust ◽  
Ingvild Nordøy ◽  
Stig S. Frøland
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
General Effect ◽  
Bolus Infusion ◽  
Single Bolus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract The mechanisms leading to polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are not well understood. In light of the important role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and the interaction between CD40 and CD40 ligand in the normal regulation of B-lymphocyte function and Ig production, we examined these parameters in 24 HIV-infected patients. Both plasma IL-10 levels and the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+lymphocytes expressing CD40 ligand were significantly higher in the patients than in the 10 blood donor controls. Serum IgG correlated positively with circulating IL-10 levels and the percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes expressing CD40 ligand. Furthermore, a single bolus infusion of intravenous Ig (0.4 g/kg) in 8 HIV-infected patients caused a further increase in IL-10 levels in plasma and an increase in both IL-10 and IgG production in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures. In another patient group (Wegener’s granulomatosis) receiving a single bolus infusion of intravenous Ig, a similar increase in plasma IL-10 levels was found, suggesting that this may be a general effect of intravenous Ig. In patients with HIV infection, our data suggest that a vicious cycle may be operative where high endogenous Ig levels may enhance IL-10 production that, in turn, leads to higher Ig production.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Resistant CD4+ UT-7 Megakaryocytic Human Cell Line Becomes Highly HIV-1 and HIV-2 Susceptible Upon CXCR4 Transfection: Induction of Cell Differentiation by HIV-1 Infection

Blood ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 2670-2678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Baiocchi ◽  
Eleonora Olivetta ◽  
Cristiana Chelucci ◽  
Anna Claudia Santarcangelo ◽  
Roberta Bona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Viral Entry ◽  
Human Cell Line ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Entry ◽  
Stromal Cell Derived Factor ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Recent findings have shown that the expression of the seven trans-membrane G-protein–coupled CXCR4 (the receptor for the stromal cell-derived factor [SDF]-1 chemokine) is necessary for the entry of T-lymphotropic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains, acting as a coreceptor of the CD4 molecule. In the human system, the role of CXCR4 in HIV infection has been determined through env-mediated cell fusion assays and confirmed by blocking viral entry in CD4+/CXCR4+ cells by SDF-1 pretreatment. We observed that the human megakaryoblastic CD4+ UT-7 cell line fails to express CXCR4 RNA and is fully resistant to HIV entry. Transfection of an expression vector containing the CXCR4 c-DNA rendered UT-7 cells readily infectable by different T-lymphotropic syncytium-inducing HIV-1 and HIV-2 isolates. Interestingly, HIV-1 infection of CXCR4 expressing UT-7 cells (named UT-7/fus) induces the formation of polynucleated cells through a process highly reminiscent of megakaryocytic differentiation and maturation. On the contrary, no morphologic changes were observed in HIV-2–infected UT-7/fus cells. These findings further strengthen the role of CXCR4 as a molecule necessary for the replication of T-lymphotropic HIV-1 and HIV-2 isolates and provide a useful model to study the functional role of CD4 coreceptors in HIV infection.

scholarly journals Isolation of Lautropia mirabilis from Oral Cavities of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1756-1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Norton Rossmann ◽  
Patricia H. Wilson ◽  
John Hicks ◽  
Bruce Carter ◽  
Stanley G. Cron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Immunological Status ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Concomitant Factors

Lautropia mirabilis, a pleomorphic, motile, gram-negative coccus, has been isolated from the oral cavities of 32 of 60 (53.3%) children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 3 of 25 (12.0%) HIV-uninfected controls; the association ofL. mirabilis isolation with HIV infection is significant (P < 0.001). All children in the study, both HIV-infected children and controls, were born to HIV-infected mothers. The presence of this bacterium was not associated with clinical disease in these children. The HIV-infected children with L. mirabilis did not differ from the HIV-infected children withoutL. mirabilis in immunological status, clinical status, or systemic medications. The role of HIV infection itself or concomitant factors in the establishment of L. mirabilis in the oral cavity remains to be elucidated.

Role of Lymphoid Organs in the Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection

1994 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Pantaleo ◽  
Cecilia Graziosi ◽  
James F. Demarest ◽  
Oren J. Cohen ◽  
Mauro Vaccarezza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Lymphoid Organs ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Multicenter Study of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Related Germ Cell Tumors

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1922-1927 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Powles ◽  
M. Bower ◽  
G. Daugaard ◽  
J. Shamash ◽  
A. De Ruiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Negative Population ◽  
Hiv Negative

Purpose: Testicular germ cell tumors (GCT) occur at increased frequency in men with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This multicenter study addresses the characteristics of these tumors.Patients and Methods: Patients with HIV-related GCT were identified from six HIV treatment centers. The incidence was calculated from the center with the most complete linked oncology and HIV databases.Results: Thirty-five patients with HIV-related GCT were identified. The median age at GCT diagnosis was 34 years (range, 27 to 64 years). The median CD4 cell count was 315/mm3(range, 90 to 960/mm3) at this time. The histologic classification was seminoma in 26 patients (74%) and nonseminomatous GCT in nine patients (26%). Twenty-one patients (60%) had stage I disease and 14 patients had metastatic disease. Overall six patients relapsed, three died from GCT, and seven died from HIV disease, resulting in a 2-year overall survival rate of 81%. HIV-related seminoma occurred more frequently than in the age- and sex-matched HIV-negative population, with a relative risk of 5.4 (95% confidence interval, 3.35 to 8.10); however, nonseminomatous GCT did not occur more frequently, and there was no change in the incidence of GCT since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy.Conclusion: Testicular seminoma occurs significantly more frequently in HIV-positive men than in the matched control population. Patients with HIV-related GCTs present and should be treated in a similar manner to those in the HIV-negative population. After a median follow-up of 4.6 years, 9% of the patients died from GCT. Most of the mortality relates to HIV infection.

scholarly journals A Case of Oral Histoplasmosis Concomitant with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Silas Antonio Juvencio de Freitas Filho ◽  
Natália Galvão Garcia ◽  
Mário César de Souza ◽  
Denise Tostes Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

The superficial intraoral lesions of histoplasmosis occurring concomitant to tuberculosis, in a 46-year-old man, are reported. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection test was negative. The immunosuppression caused by tuberculosis in our patient probably had an important role in the development of intraoral lesions of histoplasmosis. Here, we discussed the role of the dentist in the diagnosis of these infectious diseases, highlighting the importance of anamnesis and the histopathology/immunohistochemistry exams.

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