scholarly journals How does mode of travel affect risks posed to other road users? An analysis of English road fatality data, incorporating gender and road type

2020 ◽  
pp. injuryprev-2019-043534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Aldred ◽  
Rob Johnson ◽  
Christopher Jackson ◽  
James Woodcock
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
Road Fatality ◽  
Road Type ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundMost analysis of road injuries examines the risk experienced by people using different modes of transport, for instance, pedestrian fatalities per-head or per-km. A small but growing field analyses the impact that the use of different transport modes has on other road users, for instance, injuries to others per-km driven.MethodsThis paper moves the analysis of risk posed to others forward by comparing six different vehicular modes, separating road types (major vs minor roads in urban vs rural settings). The comparison of risk posed by men and women for all these modes is also novel.ResultsPer-vehicle kilometre, buses and lorries pose much the highest risk to others, while cycles pose the lowest. Motorcycles pose a substantially higher per-km risk to others than cars. The fatality risk posed by cars or vans to ORUs per km is higher in rural areas. Risk posed is generally higher on major roads, although not in the case of lorries, suggesting a link to higher speeds. Men pose higher per-km risk to others than women for all modes except buses, as well as being over-represented among users of the most dangerous vehicles.ConclusionsFuture research should examine more settings, adjust for spatial and temporal confounders, or examine how infrastructure or route characteristics affect risk posed to others. Although for most victims the other vehicle involved is a car, results suggest policy-makers should also seek to reduce disproportionate risks posed by the more dangerous vehicles, for instance, by discouraging motorcycling. Finally, given higher risk posed to others by men across five of six modes analysed, policy-makers should consider how to reduce persistent large gender imbalances in jobs involving driving.

Overcoming Intersectional Barriers

2018 ◽  
pp. 971-993
Author(s):  
Sara L. Parker ◽  
Kay Standing
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Just Society ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research And Policy

This chapter discusses the complexity and challenges of exploring the impact of gender on women's ability to realise their potential in Nepal. It demonstrates the limitations of using binary divisions to exploring ‘gender' as a key factor that impacts upon women's lives. By analysing interviews with ‘inspirational' women in Nepal conducted between 2009 and 2012 the chapter highlights the importance of exploring intersectional factors that also influenced women's life experiences. Based on interviews with 34 ‘inspirational' women in Nepal the chapter explores how the term ‘inspirational' is defines and discusses the range of work being done by so many women in Nepal that is truly inspiring. Through a discourse analysis of their stories of childhood and education we can see what key factors have played a role in enabling these women to realise their potential and to overcome intersectional barriers to work in a range of diverse positions, from the first female District Development Officer to the first women to gain her doctorate from overseas, to women who have set up NGOS working towards a more equitable and just society to others who have set up their own businesses or becoming leading academics. The conclusion draws together some key recommendations for future research and policy makers as well as those seeking to promote more equitable sustainable development that truly includes women in the process as autonomous, heterogeneous actors in the development process

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on conventional work settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 909-927
Author(s):  
Randa Diab-Bahman ◽  
Abrar Al-Enzi
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Crowd Sourcing ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

PurposeTo give insight into human resource (HR) policy makers of the impact of the abrupt change in working conditions as reported from their primary stakeholders – the employees.Design/methodology/approachReported from a first-person point of view, 192 employees from Kuwait who are currently working from home were surveyed as to how the lockdown circumstances have impacted their conventional work expectations. The study compares the old working conditions (OWC) to the current working conditions (CWC) to give insight into the overall sentiments of the abrupt changes to the workplace.FindingsIt was found that most employees agreed that OWC need to be reviewed, and that the general sentiment was almost equally split on the efficiency of CWC in comparison to OWC, yet the majority was enjoying the flexible conditions. Moreover, the majority of respondents found that overall conventional work elements either remained the same or had been impacted positively rather than negatively. Also, if given an option of a hybrid model inclusive of partly working remotely and partly working on-site, a considerable majority reported that they are able to efficiently conduct atleast 80% of their work expectation. Finally, it was found that employee expectation is changing as they consider post COVID-19 conditions.Research limitations/implicationsThis research was conducted using virtual crowd-sourcing methods to administer the survey and may have been enhanced should other methods have been integrated for data gathering. Also, a more comprehensive phenomenological approach could have been incorporated to add a qualitative method to the investigation. This could have freed the results of answer limitation and experience bias. Moreover, it is good practice to involve both quantitative and qualitative elements to any research when possible. Finally, future research can benefit from a bigger pool of participants so as to gain a clearer picture.Originality/valueThis research will give policy makers a look at what needs to be reviewed/changed for a successful roll-out of remote work in accordance with their original strategies.

Exploration of the Effectiveness of Public Procurement for Innovation: Panel Analysis of EU Countries’ data

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Detelj ◽  
Timotej Jagric ◽  
Tanja Markovic-Hribernik
Keyword(s):  
Econometric Model ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Impact

This research focuses on the impact of public procurement for innovation (PPI) on a country's level of innovativeness. The available literature primarily consists of case studies that identify PPI’s impact on the innovativeness of particular firms. Therefore, this paper developed an econometric model to investigate the impact of PPI on the innovativeness of EU countries. The model tested the impact of four different innovation policy measures (PPI, R&D subsidies, regulations and cooperation). The results showed that in different model settings, PPI was positively and significantly related to countries’ innovativeness, whereas the other three measures showed low significance. These research findings may be important to policy makers when selecting appropriate measures for promoting innovation and thereby also enhancing their country’s competitiveness.

EDITORIAL: "TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATION: A SPECIAL ISSUE IN HONOUR OF KEITH PAVITT"

2005 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. v-xi ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAN SAPSED ◽  
PETER AUGSDÖRFER ◽  
JAMES UTTERBACK
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Management Of Technology ◽  
Research Agendas ◽  
The Impact

In honour of the late Keith Pavitt, we introduce this Special Issue of International Journal of Innovation Management. We discuss the impact of Pavitt's work in technology and innovation on the management field. He showed empirically a number of core principles of technological change and knowledge, and how these affected managerial and organisational tasks. His influence is indicated by his publication channels, citations to his work and the other authors with whom he was cited. Pavitt had signalled several themes for future research in the management of technology and innovation. This introduction explains how the articles of this special issue make contributions to all these ongoing research agendas.

scholarly journals The past, the present and the future of accounting for human rights

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken McPhail ◽  
John Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Business And Human Rights ◽  
Policy Domain ◽  
Guiding Principles ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss a number of important recent developments in the area of business and human rights and considers the impact of these developments for accounting, assurance and reporting. Following the UN endorsement of the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (the Guiding Principles) in June 2011, initiatives related to their implementation have advanced at a rapid pace. Despite the centrality of accounting, assurance and reporting to some of the key initiates – accounting research has, hitherto, lagged behind this growing momentum. In order to address this lacunae, this paper develops an agenda for future research in the area of accounting and human rights. In doing so, the paper provides an overview of the important contributions advanced by the other papers in this special issue of Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal (AAAJ). Design/methodology/approach – This paper draws together and identifies key issues and themes related to the rapidly evolving research and policy domain of business and human rights and considers the relevance of these issues to accounting research. Findings – The paper highlights the wide-ranging impact the Guiding Principles and other developments in business and human rights have for accounting practice and draws attention to potential areas of research for accounting scholars. In particular, the paper highlights the emergence of business and human rights due diligence requirements, including their management and reporting. Further, the paper draws attention to the development of business and human rights reporting and assurance practice – which, while still in its infancy, has gathered considerable momentum and support. Research limitations/implications – The paper provides important insights into emerging issues and developments in business and human rights that have clear relevance to accounting research and practice. Originality/value – This paper, and the other contributions to this special issue of AAAJ, provide a basis and a research agenda for accounting scholars seeking to undertake research in this significant and emerging field.

Revisiting the pathways to retirement: a latent structure model of the dynamics of transition from work to retirement

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1739-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
FENGYAN TANG ◽  
JEFFREY A. BURR
Keyword(s):  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Latent Structure Model

ABSTRACTA dynamic latent structure model of the work–retirement transition process was identified, focusing on transitions of work and retirement status for men and women aged 51–74 years. Using the Health and Retirement Study data (1998–2004), latent transition analysis was used to identify a best fitting model capturing work–retirement statuses in four samples defined by age and sex. The prevalence of each status was described and the dynamic transition probabilities within the latent structure were examined. Using multinomial logistic regression, socio-demographic, health, family and occupational factors were assessed to determine how each was related to the likelihood of occupying a specific latent status at baseline. Results showed that study respondents were classified into distinct groups: full retiree, partial retiree or part-time worker, full-time worker, work-disabled or home-maker. The prevalence of full retiree status increased, while the prevalence for full-time worker status decreased over time for both men and women. Membership rates in the work-disabled and partial retiree status were generally consistent, with decreased probabilities of the work-disabled status in the older age groups and increased probabilities of partial retirees among younger men. Our findings indicated that many older Americans experience multiple transitions on the pathway to retirement. Future research on late-life labour-force transitions should evaluate the impact of the recent Great Recession and examine the role of larger socio-economic contexts.

scholarly journals Crisis Management Practices in Tourism SMEs During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Organizacija ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-361
Author(s):  
Marko Kukanja ◽  
Tanja Planinc ◽  
Marijana Sikošek
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cost Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

AbstractBackground and purpose: This study examines crisis management practices (CMPs) for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the field of tourism during the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this study is to analyse how tourism SMEs reacted to the crisis caused by the pandemic. The present research aims to determine which operational CMPs were deployed by tourism SMEs to minimize the impact of the crisis.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study focuses on the following types of tourism SMEs – lodging facilities, food and beverage (F&B) facilities, and tourist agencies (TA). A total of 574 valid online questionnaires were obtained from SME managers. The structured questionnaire included 27 CMPs belonging to the four dimensions of crisis management – workforce, cost control, organizational support and marketing CMPs. Exploratory factor analysis and the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to investigate SMEs response to the crisis.Results: Results indicate that SMEs primarily focus on the following CMP dimensions (respectively): workforce, cost control, organizational support, and promotional and customer-related marketing practices. Results show that there are statistically significant differences in the usage of different CMPs among the different types of SMEs.Conclusion: The use of selected variables enables an internationally comparable benchmarking process and facilitates the improvement of tourism SMEs crisis management. The conclusion provides suggestions for future research and useful information for scholars, policy makers, and tourism managers.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN MAZOWIECKIE PROVINCE IN YEARS 2004-2016

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola CHRZANOWSKA ◽  
Monika ZIELIŃSKA-SITKIEWICZ
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Linear Ordering ◽  
Economic Diversification ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

Mazowieckie Province is a unique area of Poland. It is characterised by social and economic diversification. Located in this province, Warsaw strongly influences the development of neighbouring rural areas. On the other hand, rural municipalities whose socio-economic parameters are among the lowest in the country are located within several dozen kilometres from the centre of the capital. Such disparities show that Mazowieckie is characterised by large interregional differences in its internal structure. This is an interesting research area that requires the analysis of socio-economic development in this region to be conducted in a multidimensional way. The aim of this study is to evaluate the spatial differentiation of the level of socio-economic development of rural areas in Mazowieckie Province. Linear ordering was used to determine the level of socio-economic development. The results of the study are consistent with core-periphery theory. The large urban centres that function as the centres for the surrounding rural areas have the greatest impact on the level of rural development. The impact of smaller towns can also be noticed. They often are the local development centres for surrounding villages.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health of the General Population, Students, and Health Care Workers: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Sankhi ◽  
Nirmal Raj Marasine
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Psychological Reactions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Impact

Background: The COVID-19 among humans is spreading heavily and is largely impacting the mental health of the general population, students, and health care workers worldwide. Hence, this review aims to summarize the literatures addressing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of the general population, students, and health care workers. Methods: Published articles concerning mental health of the general population, students, and health care workers related to the COVID-19 outbreak have been considered and reviewed. Results and Discussion: Mental health symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression are common psychological reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population, students, and health care workers. This collectively influences daily behavior, economy, prevention strategies and decision making from policy makers and health organizations, weakening the strategies of COVID-19 control leading to more morbidity and mental health needs at the global level. Conclusion: There is a need for more evidence-based research from other affected countries, particularly in vulnerable populations such as children and adolescents, people of lower socioeconomic status, and those residing in rural areas, so that valid strategies can be developed and COVID-19 and outbreaks of similar types in the near future can be prevented.

scholarly journals Urgensi Omnibus Law (Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja) Terhadap Hak Masyarakat Adat di Wilayah Pesisir

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Dolfries J Neununy
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Political Approach ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Introductioan: Substantial application of the Omnibus Law (Cipta Kerja) for the rights of indigenous peoples in coastal areas.Purposes of the Research: Reviewing and analyzing the impact of the Copyright Act on indigenous peoples in coastal areas.Methods of the Research: The research was conducted through normative legal research with a political approach to review and analyze legislation or other legal materials related to the Urgency of Omnibus Law on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in coastal areas.Results of the Research: The presence of the Omnisbus Law will have a positive impact on the community from the aspect of legal knowledge that people belonging to the scientific community can understand the purpose of the government to implement the Omnisbus Law but from the other side the ordinary people who are in coastal areas and remote rural areas do not understand well the application of the Omnisbus Law so that protection is important.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document