An Essay on the Political Economy Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic as Twin Crises

The subject and purpose of this study is to examine the new type of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which has turned into a global epidemic, with an economic-political approach. There are twin crises in the form of a health crisis (high human deaths) and an economic crisis (recession). Trillion-dollar aid packages from governments and international financial organizations also show that this global public health crisis has created an economic crisis. In the context of these crises, G-20 countries that did not intervene in their transmission channels in a timely manner showed the worst situations. This epidemic, calculated with the SIR model, is global, but the measures are local. What makes a clean, masked, and socially distant life obligatory against the risk of contamination is that this epidemic locks or restricts the whole economy, especially trade, education, and tourism. Measures called “new normalization” have started to relax in order to prevent further increase in unemployment and poverty.

The Rising Tide of Populism and Its Implications to Global Governance in the 21st Century

The rising tide of populism in the 21st century brings about new challenges to an age-old problem in politics. Among them is to identify and understand the symptoms and causes of populism in the modern era. As a political approach which holds”the forgotten man and women” as a morally good force against the perceived corrupt and self-serving “establishment,” this chapter analyzes the populist phenomenon and how it can bring about dividends, not just constraints. This chapter ends by recommending policy-makers to re-think and re-adjust global institutions to be more inclusive, to enhance their nations' cybersecurity measures, and to promote free speech. Overall, populism is a signal that something is inherently wrong in today's global society. Rather than turning a blind eye to the issue, leaders should take a hard look at the facts and understand that there are genuine grievances that have to be identified and solved in building a just and equitable new world order. We can only ignore populism at our peril.

Study of proposed activities in development of BUMD for regional development

There are still very few regulations governing the development of BUMD, even though the role of BUMD in regional development is very central. The role of BUMD is very strategic in the regional economy and development. One of these studies focuses on describing the function of BUMD in regional development. While the analytical methods used are APKL, USG, and Mc. Namara methods. In this study, the strategic issue in fostering the selected BUMDs is the lack of comprehensive governance of Regional Equity Participation (PMD) in BUMDs. Of the selected strategic issues, the solution is the preparation of Regional Regulations related to PMD governance. On this basis, five activities are proposed to support the realization of governance of regional capital participation, including the preparation of an academic draft study of regional regulations on the governance of regional equity participation in BUMD. From the results of the analysis, it is suggested that considering that BUMD belongs to the regional government and contains a high dose of politics, the PMD process requires a political approach in addition to a systematic technocratic approach.

Caring in the in-between: a proposal to introduce responsible AI and robotics to healthcare

In the scenario of growing polarization of promises and dangers that surround artificial intelligence (AI), how to introduce responsible AI and robotics in healthcare? In this paper, we develop an ethical–political approach to introduce democratic mechanisms to technological development, what we call “Caring in the In-Between”. Focusing on the multiple possibilities for action that emerge in the realm of uncertainty, we propose an ethical and responsible framework focused on care actions in between fears and hopes. Using the theoretical perspective of Science and Technology Studies and empirical research, “Caring in the In-Between” is based on three movements: the first is a change of focus from the world of promises and dangers to the world of uncertainties; the second is a conceptual shift from assuming a relationship with robotics based on a Human–Robot Interaction to another focused on the network in which the robot is embedded (the “Robot Embedded in a Network”); and the last is an ethical shift from a general normative framework to a discussion on the context of use. Based on these suggestions, “Caring in the In-Between” implies institutional challenges, as well as new practices in healthcare systems. It is articulated around three simultaneous processes, each of them related to practical actions in the “in-between” dimensions considered: monitoring relations and caring processes, through public engagement and institutional changes; including concerns and priorities of stakeholders, with the organization of participatory processes and alternative forms of representation; and making fears and hopes commensurable, through the choice of progressive and reversible actions.

PEMBARUAN HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM: Studi Kasus Hukum Waris di Somalia

This article aims to examine one of the phenomena that emerged in the Muslim world in the 20th century, namely the renewal of family law in Muslim-majority countries. This article focuses on the study of inheritance law reform in Somalia. By using a legal political approach, this article examines several important issues, i.e.,: the model of inheritance law reform in Somalia, the reasons that led to the revolutionary change from the concept of Islamic inheritance in general, and and the factors that influence these changes. In general, this study shows that in the reform of family law in Somalia, there are several rules that are not much different from the concept of the imam of the school of thought, but there are also several legal rules that are quite far from the conceot of conventional, especially the legal rules related to inheritance.

We God's People

Cesari argues that both religious and national communities are defined by the three Bs: belief, behaviour and belonging. By focusing on the ways in which these three Bs intersect, overlap or clash, she identifies the patterns of the politicization of religion, and vice versa, in any given context. Her approach has four advantages: firstly, it combines an exploration of institutional and ideational changes across time, which are usually separated by disciplinary boundaries. Secondly, it illustrates the heuristic value of combining qualitative and quantitative methods by statistically testing the validity of the patterns identified in the qualitative historical phase of the research. Thirdly, it avoids reducing religion to beliefs by investigating the significance of the institution-ideas connections, and fourthly, it broadens the political approach beyond state-religion relations to take into account actions and ideas conveyed in other arenas such as education, welfare, and culture.

Teologia Pembebasan: Kajian Peranan Penting Gereja Dalam Memerdekakan Masyarakat Dari Kemiskinan

This research was conducted to find out how the role of the church in liberating society from poverty. The problem of poverty in the church base areas in Indonesia is a real problem and continues from year to year. Poverty is a human problem. The church as the salt and light of the world is here to make an impact and bring about change. The research uses a qualitative approach by searching literature and field facts to respond to the conditions of poverty and how the church plays a role in liberating people from poverty. The results of the study show the importance of the church's role in bringing change to people who experience poverty. The church can play a role in two things, namely: first, with a political approach, both in terms of realm power and in terms of the good common. Second, the educational approach is to become a facilitator for the community in conducting job skills trainings.

Analysis of methods for accounting for the absorption of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere by forests

The paper discusses the problem of stabilizing the level of greenhouse gases and a political approach to its solution. International agreements and their impact on the economies and ecology of countries are presented. The documents submitted in accordance with the order dated November 8, 2018 No. 661 “On the approval of statistical tools for the organization of the federal statistical observation of atmospheric air protection by the federal service for supervision in the field of environmental management” in the period from 2018 to 2020 were analyzed. The dependence of the reduction of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere is correlated with the measures taken by the government of the Russian Federation to adapt to climate change. The analysis of methods of accounting for the absorption of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere by such countries as Canada, the USA, and Russia is carried out. The disadvantages and advantages of the methods of accounting for carbon sequestration by forests and their influence on the research results are listed. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop an effective methodology for accounting for the absorption of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere by forests to create an independent system for accounting for the level of greenhouse gases, as well as Russia’s entry into the international quota market, which will ensure the development of the economy and projects for improving the environment.

The Reform Communist Interpretation of the Stalinist Period in Czech Historiography and Its Legacy

This article is concerned with the continuities in the interpretation of the 1950s in Czechoslovakia from 1956 to the present. It first concentrates on the way the year 1956 (one that remained quiet in the country, as opposed to Poland and Hungary) has been treated in Czechoslovak historiography. It aims to show that an almost exclusive focus on political history has produced until today a misleading image of this apparent communist stability as based on repression rather than on a genuine basis of support for the communist rule. The German historiography of communism shows the usefulness of a socio-political approach that could serve as model. The article then further retraces the permanence of this misleading interpretation to the influence of a highly politicized narrative of the terror period inspired by the work of historian Karel Kaplan and other intellectuals of the Prague Spring era. For this it makes use of Kaplan’s autobiography, which has only ever appeared in French. One particular point of interest is the historiographical treatment reserved to the Stalinist leader Klement Gottwald. The article suggests that this reform communist narrative, which blames the terror on the Soviets without questioning the responsibility of Czech society, has kept the history of the 1950s in Czechoslovakia from evolving at the same pace as the historiography of the post-1968 period. It therefore needs to be acknowledged and challenged.

Urgensi Omnibus Law (Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja) Terhadap Hak Masyarakat Adat di Wilayah Pesisir

Introductioan: Substantial application of the Omnibus Law (Cipta Kerja) for the rights of indigenous peoples in coastal areas.Purposes of the Research: Reviewing and analyzing the impact of the Copyright Act on indigenous peoples in coastal areas.Methods of the Research: The research was conducted through normative legal research with a political approach to review and analyze legislation or other legal materials related to the Urgency of Omnibus Law on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in coastal areas.Results of the Research: The presence of the Omnisbus Law will have a positive impact on the community from the aspect of legal knowledge that people belonging to the scientific community can understand the purpose of the government to implement the Omnisbus Law but from the other side the ordinary people who are in coastal areas and remote rural areas do not understand well the application of the Omnisbus Law so that protection is important.