Trends and disparities in American Indian/Alaska Native unintentional injury mortality from 1999 to 2016

2020 ◽  
pp. injuryprev-2020-043951
Author(s):  
William C Kerr ◽  
Yu Ye ◽  
Edwina Williams ◽  
Nina Mulia ◽  
Cheryl J Cherpitel
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Drug Poisoning ◽  
Alcohol Poisoning ◽  
Injury Mortality

IntroductionAlcohol and drug use are significant problems in the US, and American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities and individuals are known to be among the most affected. This study evaluates disparities in unintentional injury mortality causes since 1999.MethodsAnalyses in 2020 of unintentional injury mortality rate disparities between AI/ANs and white population over the 1999–2016 period with attention to motor vehicle crashes, alcohol poisoning, drug poisoning and all other cause types. Rates in each of the 10 states with the largest AI/AN populations were also investigated to account for geographical concentration.ResultsMotor vehicle mortality rates declined for both AI/AN and white groups, but a large racial disparity was maintained. Conversely, poisoning mortality rates rose substantially in both groups, with a jump in rates in 2007 due to a coding change, resulting in a large disparity that was maintained through 2016. Comparison of alcohol and drug poisonings showed that the AI/AN alcohol poisoning rate was about eight times the white rate, whereas drug poisoning rates were similar. For ‘all other’ unintentional injuries, the highest rates were seen for AI/AN men, with rates generally rising over the study period. State-specific analyses found substantial variation in AI/AN rates, with few or no disparities in New York and Texas.ConclusionsResults indicate substantial and persisting disparities in unintentional injury mortality, with especially large differences in alcohol poisoning. The absence of disparities in New York and Texas suggest the importance of situational factors.

scholarly journals Unintentional injury mortality and external causes in Canada from 2001 to 2007

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Chen ◽  
F Mo ◽  
QL Yi ◽  
Y Jiang ◽  
Y Mao
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
External Causes

Introduction To understand the distribution pattern and time trend of unintentional injury mortalities is crucial in order to develop prevention strategies. Methods We analyzed vital statistics data from Canada (excluding Quebec) for 2001 to 2007. Mortality rates were age- and sex-standardized to the 2001 Canadian population. An autoregressive model was used for time-series analysis. Results Overall mortality rate steadily decreased but unintentional injury mortality rate was stable over the study period. The three territories had the highest mortality rates. Unintentional injury deaths were less common in children than in youths/adults. After 60, the mortality rate increased steadily with age. Males were more likely to die of unintentional injury, and the male/female ratio peaked in the 25- to 29-year age group. Motor vehicle crashes, falls and poisoning were the three major causes. There was a substantial year after year increase in mortality due to falls. Deaths due to motor vehicle crashes and drowning were more common in summer months, and deaths caused by falls and burns were more common in winter months. Conclusion The share of unintentional injury among all-cause mortality and the mortality from falls increased in Canada during the period 2001 to 2007.

Trends in Deaths Fully Attributable to Alcohol in Minnesota, 2000-2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492110440
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Braun ◽  
Kari M. Gloppen ◽  
Jon Roesler
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Native People ◽  
Attributable Mortality ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Alcohol Outlet

Objective Overall trends in rates of fully alcohol-attributable mortality may mask disparities among demographic groups. We investigated overall, demographic, and geographic trends in fully alcohol-attributable mortality rates in Minnesota. Methods We obtained mortality data from Minnesota death certificates and defined fully alcohol-attributable deaths as deaths that would not occur in the absence of alcohol. We calculated age-adjusted death rates during 2000-2018 using 5-year moving averages stratified by decedents’ characteristics and geographic location. Results Chronic conditions accounted for most of the alcohol-attributable deaths in Minnesota (89% during 2014-2018). Alcohol-attributable mortality rates per 100 000 population increased from an average rate of 8.0 during 2000-2004 to 12.6 during 2014-2018. During 2000-2018, alcohol-attributable mortality rates were highest among males (vs females), adults aged 55-64 (vs other ages), and American Indian/Alaska Native people (vs other racial and ethnic groups) and lowest among people aged ≤24 years and Asian or Pacific Islander people. During 2014-2018, the alcohol-attributable mortality rate among American Indian/Alaska Native people was more than 5 times higher than the overall mortality rate in Minnesota. Conclusions Results from this study may increase awareness of racial and ethnic disparities and continuing health inequities and inform public health prevention efforts, such as those recommended by the Community Preventive Services Task Force, including regulating alcohol outlet density and increasing alcohol taxes.

Unintentional injury mortality among indigenous communities of Taiwan: trends from 2002 to 2013 and evaluation of a community-based intervention

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W Pan ◽  
Hiu Ha Chong ◽  
Hui-Chuan Kao
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Injury Death ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
Injury Prevention Programme ◽  
Disproportionate Burden

IntroductionIndigenous communities in Taiwan shoulder a disproportionate burden of unintentional injury fatalities. We compare unintentional injury mortality rate trends among Taiwan’s indigenous communities and the general population from 2002 to 2013, and evaluate potential impact of a community-based injury prevention programme on indigenous unintentional injury death rates.MethodsStandardised and crude unintentional injury mortality rates were obtained from Taiwan government reports. Segmented linear regression was used to estimate and compare unintentional injury mortality rate trends before and after the intervention.ResultsBetween 2002 and 2013, unintentional injury mortality rates among Taiwan’s indigenous population significantly declined by about 4.5 deaths per 100 000 each year (p<0.0001). During that time, the unintentional injury mortality rate ratio between indigenous Taiwanese and the general population significantly decreased by approximately 1% each successive year (p=0.02). However, we were unable to detect evidence that the ‘Healthy and Safe Tribe’ programme was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the unintentional injury mortality rate trend among indigenous persons (p=0.81).ConclusionTaiwanese indigenous communities remain at significantly higher risk of unintentional injury death, though the gap may be slowly narrowing. We found no evidence that the ‘Healthy and Safe Tribe’ indigenous injury-prevention programme significantly contributed to the nationwide decline in unintentional injury mortality among indigenous Taiwanese communities from 2009 to 2013. Future interventions to address the disproportionate burden of unintentional injury fatalities among indigenous Taiwanese should consider interventions with wider coverage of the indigenous population, and complementing grass roots led community-based interventions with structural policy interventions as well.

scholarly journals Motor Vehicle Deaths Among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Pollack ◽  
S. Frattaroli ◽  
J. L. Young ◽  
G. Dana-Sacco ◽  
A. C. Gielen
Keyword(s):  
American Indian ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Native Populations

scholarly journals Disproportionately higher unintentional injury mortality among Alaska Native people, 2006–2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 1422671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen Day ◽  
Peter Holck ◽  
Hillary Strayer ◽  
Kathryn Koller ◽  
Timothy Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Alaska Native ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Native People ◽  
Injury Mortality

scholarly journals Epidemiological Characteristics of Road Traffic Injuries Involving Children in Three Central American Countries, 2012–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Virginia Núñez-Samudio ◽  
Francisco Mayorga-Marín ◽  
Humberto López Castillo ◽  
Iván Landires
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Central American ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Over Time

Although motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a worldwide public health concern due to their high injury, mortality, and fatality rates, few studies have addressed the epidemiologic behavior of MVCs in Latin American youth. Thus, this study was aimed at describing and comparing the characteristics of MVCs involving 0 to 14-year-olds in Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Panama. A secondary aim was to estimate the crude MVC-related injury, fatality, and mortality rates and their trends over time. We conducted a descriptive, retrospective study using publicly available data for Costa Rica, Panama, and Guatemala between 2012 and 2015. We examined the reported MVC cases and calculated the crude injury, fatality, and mortality rates and their trends over time (α = 0.05). Publicly available data reported 12,020 MVC-related injuries and 431 MVC-related deaths involving 0 to 14-year-olds. The most frequent mechanisms involved 0 to 14-year-olds as passengers or pedestrians in MVCs (>85% of all cases). The highest crude MVC-related injury and mortality rates were reported for Panama (119.35 and 2.14 per 100,000 population, respectively, in 0 to 14-years-olds), while Guatemala had the highest median MVC-related fatality rate (8.84 per 100,000 events; χ2 [2] = 377.8; p < 0.001) with a statistically significant trend increasing over time (r = 0.947; p = 0.027). Although several factors play a role in the prevention of MVCs among 0 to 14-year-olds, we found that Costa Rica was the only country that implemented a policy on child restraint systems resulting in the lowest rates of MVC-related injury, mortality, and fatality. These results could be used by decision makers from the aforementioned Central American countries to develop adequate policies addressing MVC preventative strategies to protect Central American infants and children.

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