O2-3.4 Heterogeneity in disability associated with major depressive disorder: effects of illness, personal, and environmental characteristics on the synchrony of change between depression severity and disability

Abstract Background Cognitive disturbances are common and disabling features of major depressive disorder (MDD). Previous studies provide limited insight into the co-occurrence of hot (emotion-dependent) and cold (emotion-independent) cognitive disturbances in MDD. Therefore, we here map both hot and cold cognition in depressed patients compared to healthy individuals. Methods We collected neuropsychological data from 92 antidepressant-free MDD patients and 103 healthy controls. All participants completed a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery assessing hot cognition including emotion processing, affective verbal memory and social cognition as well as cold cognition including verbal and working memory and reaction time. Results The depressed patients showed small to moderate negative affective biases on emotion processing outcomes, moderate increases in ratings of guilt and shame and moderate deficits in verbal and working memory as well as moderately slowed reaction time compared to healthy controls. We observed no correlations between individual cognitive tasks and depression severity in the depressed patients. Lastly, an exploratory cluster analysis suggested the presence of three cognitive profiles in MDD: one characterised predominantly by disturbed hot cognitive functions, one characterised predominantly by disturbed cold cognitive functions and one characterised by global impairment across all cognitive domains. Notably, the three cognitive profiles differed in depression severity. Conclusion We identified a pattern of small to moderate disturbances in both hot and cold cognition in MDD. While none of the individual cognitive outcomes mapped onto depression severity, cognitive profile clusters did. Overall cognition-based stratification tools may be useful in precision medicine approaches to MDD.

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Classifying Depression Severity in Recovery From Major Depressive Disorder via Dynamic Facial Features

IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics ◽

10.1109/jbhi.2019.2930604 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 815-824 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sahar Harati ◽

Andrea Crowell ◽

Yijian Huang ◽

Helen Mayberg ◽

Shamim Nemati

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Facial Features ◽

Depression Severity ◽

Major Depressive

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Irritability and Its Clinical Utility in Major Depressive Disorder: Prediction of Individual-Level Acute-Phase Outcomes Using Early Changes in Irritability and Depression Severity

American Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.18030355 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 176 (5) ◽

pp. 358-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Manish K. Jha ◽

Abu Minhajuddin ◽

Charles South ◽

A. John Rush ◽

Madhukar H. Trivedi

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Clinical Utility ◽

Depression Severity ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Individual Level ◽

Disorder Prediction

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Therapeutic effects of vitamin D as adjunctive therapy to fluoxetine in patients with major depressive disorder

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0004867412465022 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 271-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Nayereh Khoraminya ◽

Mehdi Tehrani-Doost ◽

Shima Jazayeri ◽

Aghafateme Hosseini ◽

Abolghassem Djazayery

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Secondary Outcome Measure ◽

Depression Severity ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Significant Difference

Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects of vitamin D3 plus fluoxetine and fluoxetine alone in patients with major depressive disorder. Methods: In the present double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 42 patients with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder based on DSM-IV criteria were randomly assigned into two groups to receive daily either 1500 IU vitamin D3 plus 20 mg fluoxetine or fluoxetine alone for 8 weeks. Depression severity was assessed at 2-week intervals using the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) as a primary outcome measure and the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) as a secondary outcome measure. Serum 25(OH) vitamin D was measured at baseline and after intervention. Results: Forty patients completed the trial. A two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that depression severity based on HDRS and BDI decreased significantly after intervention, with a significant difference between the two groups. The vitamin D + fluoxetine combination was significantly better than fluoxetine alone from the fourth week of treatment. Conclusions: In the present 8-week trial, the vitamin D + fluoxetine combination was superior to fluoxetine alone in controlling depressive symptoms.

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