Analysis of neointima development in flow diverters using optical coherence tomography imaging

BackgroundFlow diverters are used for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Surface modification may decrease the thrombogenicity of flow diverters but the details are unknown. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an intravascular imaging test with high resolution which identifies neointimal growth over stents. We compared the development of neointima in a flow diverter and stents with and without surface modification in a swine model.MethodsIn this study we implanted four devices (two in each carotid artery) in four pigs. The devices used were the Pipeline Flex embolization device (PED Flex, n=6), PED with Shield technology (PED Shield, n=6), and Solitaire AB (n=4). Serial carotid angiographic and OCT images were obtained on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. The data analyzed included: neointimal area (lumen area − stent area), neointimal ratio ([lumen area − stent area]/stent area), and the neointimal thickness ratio (minimum neointimal thickness/maximum neointimal thickness).ResultsThere was no significant difference in where neointima formation was initiated in relation to the implanted device (distal vs middle vs proximal). The PED Shield had a trend towards earlier endothelial formation at day 7. By day 21 the neointimal ratio was significantly higher for the PED Flex and PED Shield devices than for Solitaire (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). The neointimal thickness ratio was significantly higher with PED Shield than with PED Flex and Solitaire (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively).ConclusionsOCT enabled us to follow and compare in vivo the development of neointima over implants. PED Shield showed a similar neointimal volume to PED Flex and more concentric neointima.

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CHARACTERIZATION OF VITILIGO BY IN VIVO SCATTERING COEFFICIENT OF HUMAN SKIN

Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences ◽

10.1142/s1793545811001216 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 04 (01) ◽

pp. 67-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

WANRONG GAO ◽

PENG LEE ◽

XIANLING ZHANG

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Human Skin ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Scattering Coefficient ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Scattering Coefficients ◽

Significant Difference

Scattering coefficients of human skin in vivo with and without vitiligo were measured with optical coherence tomography (OCT). The experimental results show that there exist significant difference between the scattering coefficient of the epidermis of in vivo human skin with and without vitiligo disease. The results may be helpful for quantitatively diagnosing or evaluating the treatment of the disease.

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Quantitative assessment of choriocapillaris flow deficits in diabetic retinopathy: A swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0243830 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. e0243830

Author(s):

Yining Dai ◽

Hao Zhou ◽

Qinqin Zhang ◽

Zhongdi Chu ◽

Lisa C. Olmos de Koo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Swept Source ◽

Significant Difference ◽

En Face ◽

The Mean

Purpose To quantitatively assess choriocapillaris (CC) flow deficits in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR) using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). Methods Diabetic subjects with different stages of DR and age-matched healthy subjects were recruited and imaged with SS-OCTA. The en face CC blood flow images were generated using previously published and validated algorithms. The percentage of CC flow deficits (FD%) and the mean CC flow deficit size were calculated in a 5-mm-diameter circle centered on the fovea from the 6×6-mm scans. Results Forty-five diabetic subjects and 27 control subjects were included in the study. The CC FD% in diabetic eyes was on average 1.4-fold greater than in control eyes (12.34±4.14% vs 8.82±2.61%, P < 0.001). The mean CC FD size in diabetic eyes was on average 1.4-fold larger than in control eyes (2151.3± 650.8μm2 vs 1574.4±255.0 μm2, P < 0.001). No significant difference in CC FD% or mean CC FD size was observed between eyes with nonproliferative DR and eyes with proliferative DR (P = 1.000 and P = 1.000, respectively). Conclusions CC perfusion in DR can be objectively and quantitatively assessed with FD% and FD size. In the macular region, both CC FD% and CC FD size are increased in eyes with DR. SS-OCTA provides new insights for the investigations of CC perfusion status in diabetes in vivo.

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Abstract 367: Measurement of Lumen Dimensions in Non-stented and Stented Coronary Arteries: A Meta-analysis of Frequency Domain Optical Coherence Tomography versus Intravascular Ultrasound

Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes ◽

10.1161/circoutcomes.8.suppl_2.367 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Samit Bhatheja ◽

Hemang Panchal ◽

Neil Barry ◽

Zia Rahman ◽

Timir Paul

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Frequency Domain ◽

Intravascular Ultrasound ◽

Coronary Arteries ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Lumen Diameter ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Lumen Area ◽

Minimum Lumen Diameter ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Intraluminal coronary morphology is traditionally evaluated by Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS). Frequency Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (FD-OCT) is a novel method for evaluation of coronary lumen dimensions. Current literature has paucity of data with limited sample size comparing FD-OCT to IVUS. The objective of this meta-analysis is to compare the FD-OCT versus IVUS in assessment of lumen dimensions in non-stented and stented coronary arteries. Methods: PubMed and the Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials were searched through January 2015. Seven studies (n=169 vessels) comparing FD-OCT versus IVUS procedures in assessing lumen dimensions in non-stented and stented coronary arteries were included. Outcomes were minimum lumen area, minimum lumen diameter and maximum lumen diameter. The mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed and p<0.05 was considered as a level of significance. Results: FD-OCT measured significantly smaller minimum lumen area and maximum lumen diameter compared to IVUS in non-stented vessels (MD: -0.86 mm 2 , CI: -1.18 to -0.55, p<0.00001 and MD: -0.21 mm, CI: -0.35 to -0.06, p=0.006, respectively). Minimum lumen diameter was not significantly different between two groups in non-stented coronary arteries (p=0.21). In stented vessels, no significant difference was found in measurement of minimum lumen area (p=0.34) and minimum lumen diameter (p=0.41) between FD-OCT and IVUS. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that FD-OCT maybe a better modality to evaluate the severity of stenosis in non-stented coronary arteries. FD-OCT is comparable to IVUS in measuring lumen dimensions in stented vessels.

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O-029 Acute Thrombus Formation on Flow Diverters Imaged In Vivo Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery ◽

10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012589.29 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A19.2-A20

Author(s):

M Marosfoi ◽

E Langan ◽

S Vedantham ◽

F Clarençon ◽

R King ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Thrombus Formation ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Flow Diverters

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Gender-based in-vivo comparison of culprit plaque characteristics and plaque microstructures using optical coherence tomography in acute coronary syndrome

Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research ◽

10.34172/jcvtr.2021.46 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Krishna Prasad ◽

Sreeniavs Reddy S ◽

Jaspreet Kaur ◽

Raghavendra Rao k ◽

Suraj Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Plaque Rupture ◽

Plaque Morphology ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Cholesterol Crystals ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gender Based

Introduction: Women perform worse after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) than men. The reason for these differences is unclear. The aim was to ascertain gender differences in the culprit plaque characteristics in ACS. Methods:Patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for the culprit vessel underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. Culprit plaque was identified as lipid rich,fibrous, and calcific plaque. Mechanisms underlying ACS are classified as plaque rupture, erosion,or calcified nodule. A lipid rich plaque along with thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) was a vulnerable plaque. Plaque microstructures including cholesterol crystals, macrophages, and microvessels were noted. Results: A total of 52 patients were enrolled (men=29 and women=23). Baseline demographic features were similar in both the groups except men largely were current smokers (P<0.001). Plaque morphology,men vs. women: lipid rich 88.0% vs. 90.5%; fibrous 4% vs 0%; calcific 8.0% vs. 9.5% (P = 0.64). Of the ACS mechanisms in males versus females; plaque rupture (76.9 % vs. 50 %), plaque erosion (15.4 % vs.40 %) and calcified nodule (7.7 % vs. 10 %) was noted (P = 0.139). Fibrous cap thickness was (50.19 ±11.17 vs. 49.00 ± 10.71 mm, P = 0.71) and thin-cap fibroatheroma (96.2% vs. 95.0%, P = 1.0) in men and women respectively. Likewise no significant difference in presence of macrophages (42.3 % vs. 30%, P = 0.76), microvessels (73.1% vs. 60 %, P = 0.52) and cholesterol crystals (92.3% vs. 80%, P = 0.38). Conclusion: No significant gender-based in-vivo differences could be discerned in ACS patients’ culprit plaques morphology, characteristics, and underlying mechanisms.

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Intravascular optical coherence tomography for the evaluation of arterial bifurcations covered by flow diverters

Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery ◽

10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-012084 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1283-1287 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Christina Iosif ◽

Suzana Saleme ◽

Sebastien Ponsonnard ◽

Pierre Carles ◽

Eduardo Pedrolo Silveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Side Branch ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Large White ◽

Sem Images ◽

In Vivo Evaluation ◽

Neointimal Thickness ◽

Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography

Background and objectiveDue to its high spatial resolution, intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been used as a valid method for in vivo evaluation of several types of coronary stents at straight lumen and bifurcation sites. We sought to evaluate its effectiveness for flow diverting stents deployed in arterial bifurcation sites involving jailing of a side branch.MethodsFour large white swine were stented with flow diverting stents covering the right common carotid artery–ascending pharyngeal artery bifurcation. After 12 weeks of follow-up the animals were evaluated by digital subtraction angiography and intravascular OCT and subsequently sacrificed. Neointimal thickness on the parent arteries and the free segments of the stent were measured. The stented arteries were harvested and underwent scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. Ostia surface values were measured with OCT three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions and SEM images.ResultsAll endovascular procedures and OCT pullback runs were feasible. Stent apposition was satisfactory on the immediate post-stent OCT reconstructions. At 12-week controls, all stents and jailed branches were patent. Mean neointimal thickness was 0.11±0.04 mm on the free segments of the stent. The mean ostia surface at 12 weeks was 319 750±345 533 μm2 with 3D-OCT reconstructions and 351 198±396 355 μm2 with SEM image-derived calculations. Good correlation was found for ostia surface values between the two techniques; the values did not differ significantly in this preliminary study.ConclusionsIntravascular OCT appears to be a promising technique for immediate and follow-up assessment of the orifice of arterial branches covered by flow diverting stents.

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In VivoDetection of the Effect of Electroacupuncture on “Zusanli” Acupoint in Rats with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis through Optical Coherence Tomography

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/2681463 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Huiqing Zhong ◽

Hui Yang ◽

Yan Zhou ◽

Zhouyi Guo ◽

Xiuli Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Control Group ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Attenuation Coefficients ◽

Adjuvant Induced Arthritis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Effect Of Treatment ◽

Zusanli Acupoint ◽

The Right

This study aimed to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment through optical coherence tomography (OCT)in vivoon rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. OCT images were obtained from the ankle of the right hind paws of the rats in control, model, and EA groups before modelling and 1 day, 8 days, 15 days, 22 days, and 29 days after modelling. Results demonstrated that the OCT signal of the ankle of the right hind paws of the rats was indistinct compared to 1 day after modelling and before modelling in the EA group. In the EA group, the light averaged attenuation coefficients of the ankle tissues decreased as treatment duration was prolonged after EA was administered (3.43, 2.96, 2.61, 2.42, and 2.29 mm−1, resp.). There was a significant difference in attenuation coefficient decrease between the 29th d and the 1st d for EA group compared with control group (P<0.01). This condition indicated that the light absorption of the ankle of the treated rats in the EA group decreased. Therefore, OCT can be used to monitor the effect of treatment on rats with arthritisin vivo.

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Attenuation coefficient as a quantitative parameter for analyzing cataracts with optical coherence tomography

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/202023804004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 238 ◽

pp. 04004

Author(s):

Pablo Eugui ◽

J. Harper Danielle ◽

Johanna Gesperger ◽

Antonia Lichtenegger ◽

Conrad W. Merkle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Attenuation Coefficient ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Quantitative Parameter ◽

Swept Source ◽

Tomography System ◽

Custom Made ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Lens Opacities

Crystalline lenses of mice were imaged in vivo with a custom-made swept-source optical coherence tomography system. The use of the attenuation coefficient as a quantitative parameter for investigating the lens opacities magnitude is proposed, demonstrating a significant difference between the values retrieved from cataractous and normal mouse lenses.

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Abstract 4478: Local Determinants and Clinical Significance of Thrombus Formation Following Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation: Insights from Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.118.suppl_18.s_896 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽

Author(s):

Hiromasa Otake ◽

Junya Shite ◽

Junya Ako ◽

Toshiro Shinke ◽

Takahiro Sawada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Thrombus Formation ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Target Vessel Revascularization ◽

Neointimal Thickness ◽

Stent Expansion ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Stent Diameter

Angioscopic analyses have shown the presence of subclinical thrombus in sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) is more common than the clinical incidence of stent thrombosis. However, the determinants and long term significance of subclinical thrombus remain unknown. Thirty five patients (44 stents) who received SES underwent 6 months follow-up optical coherence tomography (OCT). Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of thrombus by OCT. Cross-sectional images were analyzed every 1mm. Stent eccentricity index (SEI; minimum stent diameter divided by maximum stent diameter) was determined in each cross section (CS). To assess the unevenness of neointimal thickness (NIT), a neointimal unevenness score (NUS) was calculated for each CS as maximum NIT in the CS divided by the average NIT of the same CS. Average SEI and NUS were also calculated for each stent. Major adverse cardiac event (MACE) was defined as a composite of death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization. Eight cases of thrombus were detected by OCT (18%). The thrombus cases were associated with longer stent length, larger numbers of uncovered struts, smaller average SEI, and greater average NUS (Table ). A significant relationship existed between the average SEI and average NUS ( P <0.0001, R=0.66), as well as between average SEI and the number of uncovered struts ( P =0.005, R=0.47). There was no significant difference in MACE during follow-up (median: 655days) (Thrombus: 0%, Non-thrombus: 7.4%, P=0.43). Based on OCT, longer stents, a larger number of uncovered stent struts, asymmetric stent expansion, and unevenness of NIT may be important determinants of thrombus formation in patients treated with SES. Asymmetric stent expansion may interfere with even neointimal coverage after SES deployment, perhaps a key mechanism for thrombus formation. In this small cohort, the presence of thrombus did not seem to increase the risk of MACE.

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