Cancer and mortality in coal mine workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2021-107498
Author(s):  
Sheikh M Alif ◽  
Malcolm R Sim ◽  
Clarence Ho ◽  
Deborah C Glass
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Mine Workers

Coal mine workers are exposed to a number of workplace hazards which may increase the risk of cancer and mortality. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate cancer and mortality in coal mine workers We searched in Ovid Medline, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases using keywords and text words related to coal mines, cancer and mortality and identified 36 full-text articles using predefined inclusion criteria. Each study’s quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We performed random-effect meta-analyses including 21 of the identified articles evaluating cancer and/or mortality of coal mine workers. The meta-analysis showed an increased risk of all-cause mortality (SMR 1.14, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.30) and mortality from non-malignant respiratory disease (NMRD) (3.59, 95% CI 3.00 to 4.30) in cohorts with coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP). We found a somewhat increased risk of stomach cancer (1.11, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.35) and of mortality from NMRD (1.26, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.61) in the cohorts of coal miners with unknown CWP status. The meta-analysis also showed a decreased risk of prostate cancer and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality among coal miners. This may be a result of the healthy worker effect and possible lower smoking rates, and perhaps also reflect the physically active nature of many jobs in coal mines. The meta-analysis for lung cancer did not show increased risk in coal miners with CWP (1.49, 95% CI 0.70 to 3.18) or for coal miners of unknown CWP status (1.03, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.18). Lower smoking rates in coal mine workers could explain why case–control studies where smoking was controlled for showed higher risks for lung cancer than were seen in cohort studies. Coal mine workers are at increased risk of mortality from NMRD but decreased risk of prostate cancer and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality. Studies of coal mine workers need long-term follow-up to identify increased mortality and cancer incidence.

Significantly Increased Risk of Cancer in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Noto ◽  
Tetsuro Tsujimoto ◽  
Takehiko Sasazuki ◽  
Mitsuhiko Noda
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Association of chronic hepatitis C virus infection with an increased risk of lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13562-e13562
Author(s):  
Ben Ponvilawan ◽  
Nipith Charoenngam ◽  
Pongprueth Rujirachun ◽  
Phuuwadith Wattanachayakul ◽  
Surapa Tornsatitkul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

e13562 Background: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with increased risk of multiple types of extrahepatic cancer, such as lymphomas, thyroid cancer and renal cancer. However, whether HCV infection also increases the risk of lung cancer is still inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in order to determine the relationship between chronic HCV infection and lung cancer. Methods: A systematic review was performed using EMBASE and MEDLINE databases from inception to November 2019 with search strategy that represents “hepatitis C virus” and “cancer”. Eligible studies must be cohort studies which include patients with chronic HCV infection and comparators without HCV infection, then follow them for incident lung cancer. Relative risk, incidence rate ratio (IRR), standardized incidence ratio, or hazard risk ratio of this association along with associated 95% confidence interval (CI) from each study were extracted and combined for the calculation of the pooled effect estimate using the random effect, generic inverse variance. Results: 20,459 articles were discovered using the aforementioned search strategy. After two rounds of review, eight studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included into the meta-analysis. Chronic HCV infection was significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer with the pooled relative risk of 1.94 (95% CI, 1.56 – 2.42; I2 = 87%). Funnel plot was fairly symmetric and not suggestive of presence of publication bias. Conclusions: Chronic HCV infection is significantly associated with a 1.94-fold increased risk in the development of lung cancer compared to no infection.

scholarly journals MP16-20 METABOLIC SYNDROME IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF PROSTATE CANCER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 195 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Ivan Russo ◽  
Sebastiano Cimino ◽  
Arcangelo Sebastianelli ◽  
Matteo Salvi ◽  
Cosimo De Nunzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Cannabis Smoking And Risk Of Lung Cancer - A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Bouti ◽  
Rajae Borki ◽  
Hicham Fenane ◽  
Laila Harrak
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cannabis Smoking

Background: Cannabis is the illicit psychoactive substance the most consumed in the world. Little is known about the association between the use of cannabis and the risk of lung cancer. Objective:The objective of this meta-analysis is to determine whether use of cannabis is a risk factor for lung cancer. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses of all languages articles using relevant computerised databases. MEDLINE (online PubMed), Web of knowledge, Embase, EBSCO CINAHL, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Directory of Open Access Journals were searched to September 2014 for cohorts and case-control studies that assessed the risk of lung cancer associated with cannabis smoking. The literature search was performed with a combination of medical subject headings terms, "cannabis" and "lung neoplasms". Data extraction: Two investigators independently analysed and extracted results from eligible studies. Our study's registration number on PROSPERO is CRD42014008872. Results: The search strategy identified 2476 citations. 13 studies were eligible for inclusion: 2 pooled analysis of 9 case-control studies, one case-control study and 3 cohorts. The cumulative analysis for all the studies under a fixed-effects model showed that cannabis smoking determined an increased risk of developing lung cancer in the future (relative risk 1.22, 95% confidence interval 0.999–1.5; p=0.051), with no evidence of heterogeneity across the studies (I2: 34%; p¼0.01). Conclusions: The use of cannabis with or without tobacco smoking is associated with an increased risk for lung cancer

Androgen deprivation therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer and dementia risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5044-5044
Author(s):  
Kevin Thomas Nead ◽  
Sumi Sinha ◽  
Paul L. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Androgen Deprivation ◽  
Small Study ◽  
Effect Estimate ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

5044 Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to treat prostate cancer may be associated with an increased risk of dementia, but existing studies have shown conflicting results. Here we conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association of ADT in the treatment of prostate cancer with the risk of dementia. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of articles reporting the outcome of dementia among individuals with prostate cancer in those exposed to ADT versus a lesser-exposed comparison group (e.g. no ADT, intermittent ADT) using the PRISMA statement guidelines. Two authors independently carried out searches in PubMed (1966–present), Web of Science (1945–present), Embase (1966–present), and PsycINFO (1806–present). The search was undertaken December 4th, 2016. We assessed the validity of each study per the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale criteria. We meta-analyzed studies reporting an effect estimate and controlling for confounding.Random- or fixed-effects meta-analytic models were used in the presence or absence of heterogeneity, respectively, per the I2statistic. Small study effects were evaluated using Egger and Begg’s tests. Results: Nine studies were included in the systematic review. Seven studies reported an adjusted effect estimate for dementia risk. A random-effects meta-analysis of studies reporting any dementia outcome, which included 50,541 individuals, showed an increased risk of dementia among ADT users (hazard ratio [HR], 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–2.00; p = 0.02). We separately meta-analyzed studies reporting all-cause dementia (HR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.05–2.02; p < 0.001) and Alzheimer’s disease (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.99–1.57; p = 0.06). The I2statistic to evaluate the proportion of heterogeneity due to study variation was 76% (95% CI, 47–89; p < 0.001) for the primary analysis. There was no evidence of bias from small study effects (Egger, p = 0.19; Begg, p = 1.00). Conclusions: The currently available combined evidence suggests that ADT in the treatment of prostate cancer may be associated with an increased risk of dementia. The potential for neurocognitive deficits secondary to ADT should be discussed with patients and evaluated prospectively.

scholarly journals Use of Antibiotics and Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fausto Petrelli ◽  
Michele Ghidini ◽  
Antonio Ghidini ◽  
Gianluca Perego ◽  
Mary Cabiddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cancer Occurrence ◽  
Incident Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

The association between antibiotic use and risk of cancer development is unclear, and clinical trials are lacking. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the association between antibiotic use and risk of cancer. PubMed, the Cochrane Library and EMBASE were searched from inception to 24 February 2019 for studies reporting antibiotic use and subsequent risk of cancer. We included observational studies of adult subjects with previous exposure to antibiotics and available information on incident cancer diagnoses. For each of the eligible studies, data were collected by three reviewers. Risk of cancer was pooled to provide an adjusted odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The primary outcome was the risk of developing cancer in ever versus non-antibiotic users. Cancer risk’s association with antibiotic intake was evaluated among 7,947,270 participants (n = 25 studies). Overall, antibiotic use was an independent risk factor for cancer occurrence (OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.12–1.24, p < 0.001). The risk was especially increased for lung cancer (OR 1.29, 95%CI 1.03–1.61, p = 0.02), lymphomas (OR 1.31, 95%CI 1.13–1.51, p < 0.001), pancreatic cancer (OR 1.28, 95%CI 1.04–1.57, p = 0.019), renal cell carcinoma (OR 1.28, 95%CI 1.1–1.5, p = 0.001), and multiple myeloma (OR 1.36, 95%CI 1.18–1.56, p < 0.001). There is moderate evidence that excessive or prolonged use of antibiotics during a person’s life is associated with slight increased risk of various cancers. The message is potentially important for public health policies because minimizing improper antibiotic use within a program of antibiotic stewardship could also reduce cancer incidence.

Is lorcaserin really associated with increased risk of cancer? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Andrade Mesquita ◽  
Giovana Fagundes Piccoli ◽  
Gabriella Richter da Natividade ◽  
Bernardo Frison Spiazzi ◽  
Verônica Colpani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Pesticide applicators and cancer: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean V. Varghese ◽  
Elveena M. Sebastian ◽  
Thamanna Iqbal ◽  
Antriya A. Tom
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Colon Cancers ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Exposure Response ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pesticide Applicators ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Average Sample

AbstractThe objective of the study was to identify and analyse the research done on the occurrence of cancer among pesticide applicators by conducting a systematic review of the scientific literature. PRISMA Guidelines was followed to conduct the study. Search was done in Scopus, PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases with search terms “PESTICIDE APPLICATORS”, “CANCER” using Boolean operator “AND”. Meta-analysis and review articles were excluded from the study. A total of 32 studies were identified among which the average sample size was found to be 60,521. Increased RRs/ORs and positive exposure–response relationships were observed for 31 pesticides. Organophosphate and organochlorine classes of pesticides were the most to be associated with cancer. Lung cancer was observed the most followed by prostate, multiple myeloma and colon cancers among pesticide applicators. It was concluded that there is an increased risk of cancer among the pesticide applicators, whereby which bringing into focus the need to educate and train the workers on following adequate safety measures and making them aware of the hazardous chemicals. Further evaluation on the carcinogenicity of pesticides is also required.

scholarly journals An increased risk of lung cancer in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema patients with usual interstitial pneumonia compared with patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis alone: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 175346662110170
Author(s):  
Qianqian Chen ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Hui Kong ◽  
Weiping Xie
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Usual Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Lung cancer is an important complication of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE). Whether the risk of lung cancer is higher in CPFE patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) than those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) alone, remains controversial. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence of lung cancer in CPFE patients with UIP compared with IPF patients. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for studies that focused on the incidence of lung cancer in CPFE/UIP and IPF groups. We used a fixed-effects model to analyze the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to data heterogeneity. The cumulative effects based on the publication year and sample size were assessed by cumulative meta-analysis. Results: A total of nine studies with 933 patients, including 374 CPFE patients with UIP, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Overall, CPFE patients with UIP have a higher risk of lung cancer than those with IPF alone (OR = 2.69; 95% CI: 1.78–4.05). There were increased risks of lung cancer in CPFE/UIP patients with the presence of emphysema (OR = 2.93; 95% CI: 1.79–4.79) or emphysema in ⩾10% of the lung volume (OR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.06–4.68). Conclusions: Our systematic review and meta-analysis indicated a significantly higher prevalence of lung cancer in CPFE patients with UIP than in patients with IPF alone. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

scholarly journals Risk of Secondary Malignancies in Patients with prostate cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyvan Heydari ◽  
Sahar Rismantab ◽  
Amir Shamshirian ◽  
Pouya Houshmand ◽  
Parisa Lotfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
General Population ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Secondary Malignancy ◽  
Secondary Malignancies ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Overall Risk

AbstractIMPORTANCEProstate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer among males globally, however, the survival rate is favorable in most patients. In a small number of patients, who suffer from advanced or invasive cancer, various side effects such as secondary malignancies or treatment-related secondary malignancies (SMs) may be seen.OBJECTIVETo systematically asses the risk of secondary malignancies in patients with prostate cancer.DATA SOURCESWe have searched for longitudinal studies through databases of Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed for all available data up to September 2019.STUDY SELECTIONStudies with longitudinal design on prostate cancer patients that declared the results in SIR or those that the SIR could be calculated were eligible.DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESISThe heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 test. According to the results and in case of I2 ≥ 50%, the random effect model was used to combine the results. To identify the cause of heterogeneity in the studies, the analysis of sub-groups was performed based on the site of secondary malignancy, the treatment procedure, and duration of follow-up. Data were analyzed using STATA version 11.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESOverall SIR and based on treatment of prostate cancer and duration of follow-up.RESULTSTwenty-six studies involving more than 2223,704 patients with PC and more than 86034 cases of SMs were entered into this study. The meta-analysis showed that the risk of cancer after PC was 1.03 (95% CI 0.90 - 1.15) and the SIRs of some cancers such as the bladder 1.52 (1.06 - 1.99) and melanoma 1.32 (0.78 - 1.87) were higher than expected. While, malignancies such as rectum 0.92 (0.85 - 1.00), lung 0.85 (0.74 - 0.96) and liver 0.76 (0.54 - 0.98) showed lower incidence in compare to general population.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThe overall risk of SMs in patients with prostate cancer is not significantly different from general population, and even in patients undergoing prostatectomy or brachytherapy, the risk is lower. But the incidence of some cancers such as melanoma, bladder, and urinary tract appears to be higher than the public in all types of treatment approaches.Key PointsQuestioIs the risk of secondary malignancy in patients with prostate cancer higher than the general population?FindingsThis systematic review and meta-analysis of 26 unique trials including 2223,704 patients, showed that the SIRs of some cancers such as the bladder and melanoma were higher than expected.MeaningThese findings suggest that the overall risk of some cancer such as bladder and melanoma in patients with prostate cancer were higher than the general population.

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