Design of SkSP-R Plan for Popular Statistical Distributions

The design of a Skip-lot sampling plan of type SkSP-R is presented for time truncated life test for the Weibull, Exponentiated Weibull, and Birnbaum-Saunders lifetime distributions. The plan parameters of the SkSP-R plan under these three distributions are determined through a nonlinear optimization problem. Tables are also constructed for each distribution. The advantages of the proposed plan over the existing sampling schemes are discussed. Application of the proposed plan is explained with the help of an example. The Birnbaum-Saunders distribution is economically superior to other two distributions in terms of minimum average sample number.

Design of single and double acceptance sampling plans based on neutrosophic sets

Although traditional acceptance sampling plans (ASPs) need certain mass quality characteristics, it is not easy to define them as crisp value in some real case problems. The fuzzy set theory (FST) is one of the popular techniques to model uncertainties of the process and therefore fuzzy ASPs have been offered in the literature. Fuzzy set extensions have been proposed recently for better modeling of the uncertainties having different sources and characteristics. One of these extensions named neutrosophic sets (NSs) can be used to increase the sensitiveness and flexibility of ASPs. The ASPs based on NSs can give ability to classify the items as defective, non-defective and indeterminate. Since the operator can become indecisive for slightly defective items, these plans can provide a good representation of human evaluations under uncertainty. In this study, single and double ASPs are designed based on NSs by using binomial and poisson distributions that are also re-analyzed based on NSs. For this aim, some characteristics functions of ASPs such as probability of accepting a lot (Pa), average outgoing quality (AOQ), average total inspection (ATI) and average sample number (ASN) have also been analyzed based on NSs. Numerical examples are presented to analyze the proposed plans.

Online patológiai vizsgálatkérő felület létrehozása a Semmelweis Egyetemen

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: Az I. Patológiai és Kísérleti Rákkutató Intézet – a Semmelweis Egyetemen belüli diagnosztikai szolgáltatásnyújtás mellett – kiterjedt külső partneri hálózattal (vizsgálatmegrendelővel) bír. Az Intézet a napi működése során párhuzamosan használja az egyetem központi informatikai rendszerét, valamint belső, folyamattámogató alkalmazását (workflow management). A külsős partnerek hozzáférése vizsgálatfeladásra az egyetemi központi informatikai rendszerhez nincs biztosítva. A vizsgálatok rendelése papíralapú, a minta érkeztetésekor a klinikai adatok rögzítése manuális, kifejezetten humánerőforrás-igényes. Célkitűzés: Célunk volt a patológiai minták regisztrációjának egyszerűsítése és felgyorsítása, az adminisztratív folyamatok hatékonyságának javítása. Módszer: A kitűzött célt a minőségfejlesztésből ismert Plan-Do-Check-Act (Tervezés-Cselekvés-Ellenőrzés-Beavatkozás) ciklus módszereit alkalmazva kívántuk elérni, online, a mintavétel helyén elérhető, a meglévő belső folyamattámogató alkalmazáshoz kapcsolódó, szakterület-specifikus vizsgálatkérő felület kifejlesztésével. Eredmények: A vizsgálati minták regisztrációjának átlagos ideje 65%-kal csökkent az online vizsgálatkérő rendszerhez csatlakozott klinikai partnerek körében. Megbeszélés: Az elmúlt években tapasztalható volt, hogy kisebb, nem hatékonyan működtethető patológiai osztályok megszűntek, részben vagy egészben beolvadtak nagyobb diagnosztikai egységekbe. A humánerőforrás-problémák (elöregedő szakma a patológia) a fenti folyamatot minden bizonnyal tovább erősítik. Várható, hogy a nagyobb patológiai osztályokon a következő években a mintaszám tovább növekszik, a vizsgálatkérések egyre nagyobb hányada érkezik majd intézményen kívülről. Következtetés: A patológiai informatika fejlesztésekor figyelembe kell venni, hogy szükséges már a mintavétel helyén biztosítani az informatikai támogatást a minta nyomon követéséhez, nem elégséges csak a laboron belüli folyamatok kiszolgálása. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(49): 1962–1967. Summary. Introduction: The 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University (Budapest, Hungary) has a broad network of clinical partners, many of which are non-university hospitals. A separate hospital information system and a local laboratory workflow management system is used at the Department. University clinics use the hospital information system for electronic requesting of tests. Non-university partners have no access to the systems, requesting tests is paper-based, registration of the requests at the pathology lab is manual and laborious. Objective: Our main objective was to improve the efficiency of the sample registration step of the pathology workflow. Method: Applying the Plan-Do-Check-Act procedure, a quality improvement project has been carried out and an online, subspecialty-based requesting application tool, interfaced with the current laboratory information system, was developed. Results: The average sample registration time improved with 65% among the early user partners. Discussion: The past years have shown smaller, inefficient pathology labs decreasing in number and integrated into larger regional diagnostic centers. Both issues of efficiency and quality assurance and problems rooted in human resources are drivers of further centralisation. The numbers of test requests and samples from non in-house partners are expected to be increased in the pathology labs in the future. Conclusion: Efficient and safe sample tracking has to start at the site of sample acquisition. State of the art laboratory information systems should support this expansion of competence. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(49): 1962–1967.

EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF GROATS PRODUCED FROM RICE GRAINS OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES

Проведена оценка качественных показателей крупы, выработанной из зерна риса разных сортов и хранившейся в стандартных условиях, для определения ее класса. В качестве объектов исследования были 6 образцов крупы трех типов из зерна риса сортов Снежинка, Кураж, Регул, Лидер, Рапан и Сонет. Для получения объективных данных производили отбор средней пробы и определяли: органолептические показатели, влажность, содержание доброкачественного ядра, сорных примесей, испорченных и битых ядер, необрушенных зерен; пожелтевших, глютинозных и меловых ядер риса, ядер с красными полосками и красных, а также кислотность крупы и зараженность вредителями. Класс рисовой крупы определяли в соответствии с требованиями ГОСТ 6292–93. Установлено, что все исследованные образцы рисовой крупы по органолептическим и физико-химическим показателям соответствуют нормативным требованиям, что косвенно подтверждает отсутствие нарушений при ее хранении. Крупы из зерна риса сортов Снежинка, Лидер и Рапан по качественным показателям отнесены к рисовой крупе высшего класса и рекомендованы для детского питания. Рисовые крупы из сортов Кураж, Регул и Сонет по содержанию дробленого зерна и меловым ядрам превышали норму, установленную для рисовой крупы высшего класса, поэтому отнесены к первому классу. The evaluation of the quality indicators of groats produced from rice grains of different varieties and stored under standard conditions was carried out to determine its class. The objects of the study were 6 samples of three types of groats from rice grain varieties Snezhinka, Kurazh, Regul, Lider, Rapan and Sonet. The average sample was taken to obtain objective data and determined: organoleptic parameters, humidity, the content of a benign kernel, weed impurities, spoiled and broken kernels, unbroken rice grains; yellowed, glutinous and chalky rice kernels, kernels with red stripes and red, acidity of cereals, pest infestation. The class of rice cereals was determined in accordance with the requirements of GOST 6292–93. It was found that all the studied samples of rice groats according to organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters comply with regulatory requirements, which indirectly confirms the absence of violations of its storage conditions. Cereals made from rice grains of the Snezhinka, Lider and Rapan varieties are classified by quality indicators as high-class rice cereals and are recommended for baby food. Сereals made from rice varieties Kurazh, Regul and Sonet in terms of the content of crushed grain and chalk kernels exceeded the norm established for rice cereals of the highest class, therefore they are classified as the first class.

Inspection plan for COVID-19 patients for Weibull distribution using repetitive sampling under indeterminacy

Background This research work is elaborated investigation of COVID-19 data for Weibull distribution under indeterminacy using time truncated repetitive sampling plan. The proposed design parameters like sample size, acceptance sample number and rejection sample number are obtained for known indeterminacy parameter. Methods The plan parameters and corresponding tables are developed for specified indeterminacy parametric values. The conclusion from the outcome of the proposed design is that when indeterminacy values increase the average sample number (ASN) reduces. Results The proposed repetitive sampling plan methodology application is given using COVID-19 data belong to Italy. The efficiency of the proposed sampling plan is compared with the existing sampling plans. Conclusions Using the tables and COVID-19 data illustration, it is concluded that the proposed plan required a smaller sample size as examined with the available sampling plans in the literature.

Criterion Validity of an Automated Method of Detecting Live Play Periods in Basketball

This study aimed to develop an automated method to detect live play periods from accelerometry-derived relative exercise intensity in basketball, and to assess the criterion validity of this method. Relative exercise intensity (% oxygen uptake reserve) was quantified for two men's semi-professional basketball matches. Live play period durations were automatically determined using a moving average sample window and relative exercise intensity threshold, and manually determined using annotation of video footage. The sample window duration and intensity threshold were optimised to determine the input parameters for the automated method that would result in the most similarity to the manual method. These input parameters were used to compare the automated and manual active play period durations in another men's semi-professional match and a women's professional match to assess the criterion validity of the automated method. The optimal input parameters were a 9-s sample window and relative exercise intensity threshold of 31% oxygen uptake reserve. The automated method showed good relative (ρ = 0.95–0.96 and ICC = 0.96–0.98, p < 0.01) and absolute (median bias = 0 s) agreement with the manual method. These findings support the use of an automated method using accelerometry-derived relative exercise intensity and a moving average sample window to detect live play periods in basketball.

Nutritional value of meat products of young stock of black-and-white breed and its crosses with Holstein

The article presents the results of monitoring the chemical composition of the average sample of minced meat, energy value, yield of nutrients and their ratio in meat products. The positive effect of crossing black-and-white cattle with Holstein on the nutritional and energy value of meat products has been established. This contributed to an increase in the gross protein yield of carcass pulp by 3.62–5.27 kg (9.50–13.83%), extractable fat — by 1.59–4.60 kg (5.39–14.80%) , energy concentration in 1 kg of pulp — by 506.5– 568.8 kJ (5.34–5.46%).

Sustainable Viticulture on Traditional ‘Baran’ Training System in Eastern Turkey

Erzincan plain is one of the most fascinating regions in Turkey for plant biodiversity. The area is very rich in terms of gene, species and ecosystem diversity. Having a number of natural habitats, mountains, etc., the region is one of the richest regions in Turkey for plant endemism as well. In northern parts of the region, in particular in Üzümlü, Bayırbağ and Pişkidağ districts, grape production dominates agriculture production and the famous ‘Karaerik’ grape cultivar has been cultivated for a long time on the very special traditional ‘Baran’ training system to avoid cold damage that occurs in winter months. The cultivar is harvested between 1 September and 1 October according to altitude in the region. The cultivar is well known in Turkey and there is a great demand for this cultivar in Turkey due to its perfect berry characteristics. In this study, yield, marketable product, cluster weight, cluster form, organic acids, specific sugars and sensory characteristics of the ‘Karaerik’ grape cultivar grown in three altitudes (1200 m a.s.l., 1400 m a.s.l. and 1600 m a.s.l., respectively) in Üzümlü district were investigated. For each altitude, grape clusters were sampled from ten vineyards and an average sample was formed. Marketable product, cluster weight, cluster form, organic acids and specific sugars were determined on those samples. Yield was determined as per decare. Sensory characteristics of samples were determined by five expert panelists. Results showed that the cluster weight was the highest in lower altitude and increasing altitude formed a more conical cluster form compared to winged cylindrical clusters at lower altitudes. The highest yield (740 kg per decare) was obtained in 1200 m a.s.l. and was followed by 1400 m a.s.l. (682 kg per decare) and 1600 m a.s.l. (724 kg per decare), respectively. Altitude strongly affected sugar and organic acid composition and ratio in berries of the ‘Karaerik’ grape. Fructose and tartaric acid were the main sugar and organic acid at all altitudes and were found between 10.04–14.02 g/100 g and 2.17–3.66 g/100 g, respectively. Sensory scores were also the highest at lower altitudes and decreased parallel to altitude increase.

EXPRESS: The influence of sample size on preferences from experience

People often learn from experience about the distribution of outcomes of risky options. Typically, people draw small samples, when they can actively sample information from risky gambles to make decisions. We examine how the size of the sample that people experience in decision from experience affects their preferences between risky options. In two studies (N=40 each) we manipulated the size of samples that people could experience from risky gambles and measured subjective selling prices and the confidence in selling price judgments after sampling. The results show that, on average, sample size influenced neither the selling prices nor confidence. However, cognitive modeling of individual-level learning showed that most participants could be classified as Bayesian learners, whereas the minority adhered to a frequentist learning strategy and that if learning was cognitively simpler more participants adhered to the latter. The observed selling prices of Bayesian learners changed with sample size as predicted by Bayesian principles, whereas sample size affected the judgments of frequentist learners much less. These results illustrate the variability in how people learn from sampled information and provide an explanation for why sample size often does not affect judgments.