scholarly journals Understanding Zika virus as an STI: findings from a qualitative study of pregnant women in the Bronx

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Rodriguez ◽  
Ayla Lord ◽  
Carolina C Sanabia ◽  
Abigail Silverio ◽  
Meleen Chuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Coping Mechanism ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
New Disease ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Community Based

ObjectivesPregnant women in the Bronx were at risk for travel-related Zika exposure in the USA between 2016 and 2017. This qualitative study explored the experiences of 13 pregnant women to learn about their knowledge of Zika and prevention measures.MethodsIn the summer of 2017, pregnant women at risk of travel-related Zika exposure were interviewed in either Spanish or English to learn about their experiences and transcripts were analysed using a grounded theory approach.ResultsMost participants were Latinas living in the Bronx, median age of 29 years and median household income between $26 000 and $50 000. Participants displayed a strong understanding of Zika transmission via mosquito bites yet lacked knowledge about its sexual transmission. Interviews revealed three key themes: (1) Zika as a new disease, (2) denial as a coping mechanism and (3) the recommendation to treat Zika as an STI. Women observed Zika as a brand new disease with early messages emphasising mosquito-borne transmission. They lacked awareness of newer messaging about sexual transmission. Furthermore, if women did read about risk of sexual transmission, many stated being in denial and struggling with recommendations to prevent sexual transmission. Barriers included problems changing travel plans and rejection of condom use. Women unanimously suggested labelling Zika as an STI and adding it to existing lists of STIs for messaging and outreach in community-based and clinical prevention.ConclusionMany pregnant women were unaware that Zika virus can be sexually transmitted due to: (1) novelty of Zika, (2) denial as a coping mechanism and (3) Zika not being listed along with well-known STIs. Overcoming these barriers via community-based as well as clinical education for pregnant women in the Bronx would be helpful in 2019 and beyond when the risk of travel-related Zika exposure remains a public health threat to optimal pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Barriers to weight management in pregnant mothers with obesity: a qualitative study on mothers with low socioeconomic background

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Mehrabi ◽  
Najva Ahmaripour ◽  
Sara Jalali-Farahani ◽  
Parisa Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Low Socioeconomic

Abstract Background Maternal obesity is a public health issue that could affect both women’s and children’s health. This qualitative study aimed to identify barriers to weight management of pregnant women with obesity and low socioeconomic backgrounds. Methods The current qualitative study has been conducted using a grounded theory approach by analyzing data collected from in-depth interviews with clients of Tehran’s public health care centers for prenatal care. The criteria for selecting participants were excessive weight gain during the first two trimesters of pregnancy, low socioeconomic status, and willingness to share their experiences. A semi-structured guide consisting of open-ended questions was asked in a private room. Open, axial, and selective coding were applied to the data. Findings Four main themes emerged from data, each of which has some subcategories: 1) personal factors (unpleasant emotions and feelings, personal tastes/hobbies, workload and responsibilities, and history of diseases), 2) pregnancy status (unintended and high-risk pregnancy), 3) interpersonal relationships and support (lack of a spouse’s support and unhealthy role modeling of relatives), 4) socio-cultural factors/influences (social norms and values, lack of access to health services, and unreliable information channels). Conclusions This study provides an overview of the barriers to the weight management of pregnant women from low socioeconomic backgrounds. The results could help develop appropriate health strategies for low socioeconomic women with obesity. Also, health care providers for this group of women could use these findings as a guide to consider their conditions and background.

scholarly journals Aspirin non-adherence in pregnant women at risk of preeclampsia (ANA): a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 681-700
Author(s):  
Raya Vinogradov ◽  
Vikki Joanne Smith ◽  
Stephen Courtenay Robson ◽  
Vera Araujo-Soares
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

scholarly journals ZIKA Virus infection in pregnant women in French Guiana: More precarious-more at risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0008193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edouard Hallet ◽  
Claude Flamand ◽  
Dominique Rousset ◽  
Timothée Bonifay ◽  
Camille Fritzell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Zika Virus Infection

scholarly journals Experiences of interactive ultrasound examination among women at risk of preterm birth: a qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrika Pulliainen ◽  
Hannakaisa Niela-Vilén ◽  
Eeva Ekholm ◽  
Sari Ahlqvist-Björkroth
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
4D Ultrasound

Abstract Background Pregnant women who are at risk of preterm birth are often stressed, anxious and depressed because of worries and fears related to the health of the unborn baby, their own health and uncertainty about the future. Only a few studies have assessed the types of psychological support that would relieve these stress symptoms among women with high-risk pregnancies. The aim of this study was to describe 1) how women at risk of preterm birth experienced an interactive 3/4-dimensional (3/4D) ultrasound examination, and 2) their need for psychological support during the antenatal period. Methods This qualitative study was conducted at one university hospital in Finland in 2017. Women with a singleton pregnancy of 26–32 gestational weeks (gwks) were included in the study. The interactive 3/4D ultrasound included a joint observation of the baby, based on the mother’s wishes, with an obstetrician and psychologist. After the examination, the experiences were explored with a semi-structured interview. The data was analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results The women enjoyed the fact that the staff were focused on her fetus and genuinely present during the session and also enabled the women to actively participate. Watching the baby and her/his activities made the baby more concrete and relieved their concerns. The need for additional psychological support varied individually. Conclusions Interactive ultrasound examination is an interesting way to awaken mental images, increase attachment, and reduce stress. The results imply that an interactive way of jointly looking at the fetus supports pregnant women at risk of preterm birth and may be useful in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Cellular and Humoral Immunity Protect against Vaginal Zika Virus Infection in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Scott ◽  
Tania J. Lebratti ◽  
Justin M. Richner ◽  
Xiaoping Jiang ◽  
Estefania Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Correlates Of Protection ◽  
Immune Correlates

ABSTRACTZika virus (ZIKV), which can cause devastating disease in fetuses of infected pregnant women, can be transmitted by mosquito inoculation and sexual routes. Little is known about immune protection against sexually transmitted ZIKV. In this study, we show that previous infection through intravaginal or subcutaneous routes with a contemporary Brazilian strain of ZIKV can protect against subsequent intravaginal challenge with a homologous strain. Both routes of inoculation induced high titers of ZIKV-specific and neutralizing antibody in serum and the vaginal lumen. Virus-specific T cells were recruited to and retained in the female reproductive tract after intravaginal and subcutaneous ZIKV infection. Studies in mice with genetic or acquired deficiencies in B and/or T cells demonstrated that both lymphocyte populations redundantly protect against intravaginal challenge in ZIKV-immune animals. Passive transfer of ZIKV-immune IgG or T cells significantly limited intravaginal infection of naive mice, although antibody more effectively prevented dissemination throughout the reproductive tract. Collectively, our experiments begin to establish the immune correlates of protection against intravaginal ZIKV infection, which should inform vaccination strategies in nonpregnant and pregnant women.IMPORTANCEThe recent ZIKV epidemic resulted in devastating outcomes in fetuses and may affect reproductive health. Unlike other flaviviruses, ZIKV can be spread by sexual contact as well as a mosquito vector. While previous studies have identified correlates of protection for mosquito-mediated infection, few have focused on immunity against sexual transmission. As exposure to ZIKV via mosquito bite has likely occurred to many living in areas where ZIKV is endemic, our study addresses whether this route of infection can protect against subsequent sexual exposure. We demonstrate that subcutaneous ZIKV infection can protect against subsequent vaginal infection by generating both local antiviral T cell and antibody responses. Our research begins to define the immune correlates of protection for ZIKV infection in the vagina and provides a foundation for testing ZIKV vaccines against sexual transmission.

scholarly journals Stres dan koping Perempuan Hamil yang Didiagnosis HIV/AIDS di DKI Jakarta: Studi Grounded Theory

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Yulia Irvani Dewi ◽  
Setyowati Setyowati ◽  
Yati Afiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Coping Mechanism ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach ◽  
Hiv Aids

AbstrakPenelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan grounded theory yang bertujuan mengidentifikasi stres dan koping perempuan hamil yang didiagnosis HIV/AIDS. Jumlah partisipan sebanyak enam orang. Pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan telaah literatur. Hasil analisis didapatkan tujuh tema yaitu 1) khawatir terhadap keselamatan janin, 2) diperlakukan berbeda dari perempuan hamil lainnya, 3) banyak membutuhkan biaya pengobatan, 4) tidak nyaman didiagnosis HIV/AIDS, 5) kebutuhan dukungan dari keluarga dan teman, 6) koping, dan 7) harapan memiliki anak yang sehat. Penelitian ini dapat bermanfaat dalam pengelolaan dan memahami stres yang dialami perempuan hamil yang didiagnosis HIV/AIDS, sehingga asuhan keperawatan yang diberikan efektif dan optimal. Implikasi penelitian ini berupa informasi bagi pemerintah dan perawat yang bekerja di area keperawatan maternitas tentang kebijakan pengelolaan HIV/AIDS bagi perempuan hamil. AbstractThis qualitative research identified stress and coping mechanism on pregnant women who were diagnosed HIV/AIDS using grounded theory approach. There were six participants involved in the study. Data were collected using in-depth interview, observation, and literature review. Seven themes were found: 1) being worry on the safety of the fetus, 2) being treated differently from other pregnant women, 3) the expensive treatment 4) the discomfort being diagnosed HIV/AIDS, 5) the need of family’s and friends’ support, 6) coping mechanism, and 7) the expectation to have healthy children. This study can provide information to the decision maker and the nurses who work in the area maternity nursing care in managing pregnant women with HIV/AIDS.

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