Improvement of environmental health and hygiene practices - case study in the Northern Province

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Mathegana ◽  
L. K. Chauke ◽  
F. A.O. Otieno
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Northern Province ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Sustainable Improvement ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
The Government ◽  
Better Than

The primary purpose of an improved water supply and sanitation is the achievement of acceptable health and hygiene standards as well as the sustainable improvement of the environment. Many governments recognize this and so they budget for large sums of money to improve these services to the communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the different gaps in environmental health and hygiene practices with the aim of suggesting a strategy of improving this in the Northern Province of South Africa. To do this, 231 households and 30 schools were surveyed. Workshops and visits to different government departments were also used. This paper reports the results from this study which indicate that the situation in schools was not any better than that in households, with more than 90% of the villages still dependent on the unimproved pit latrines and 56,6% relying on standpipes which were (70% of the time) non-operational. The main problems identified seem to those associated with implementation and maintenance. The study concludes that with proper training of the water committees and their active involvement with the government and NGOs, environmental health and hygiene problems can be minimized or eliminated.

Comparison of the effects of the food supplementation programmes of ICDS centers and primary schools at Bali Gram Panchayat, Arambagh, West Bengal, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 232-246
Author(s):  
Gopal Chandra Mandal ◽  
Kaushik Bose ◽  
Slawomir Koziel
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Food Supplementation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
The Government ◽  
Better Than

Purpose – Developing countries like India, accounts for about 40 percent of undernourished children in the World and it is largely due to the result of dietary inadequacy in relation to their needs. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the changes in the nutritional status of the children, from their preschool days to the present primary school days. Design/methodology/approach – The present investigation was conducted at 20 Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) centers (Center-A) and 15 primary schools (Center-B) in Bali Gram Panchayat, Arambag, Hooghly District of West Bengal, India, at an interval of three to four years. A total of 1,012 children (boys=498; girls=514) aged two to six years old enrolled in these ICDS centers and a total of 603 children (boys=300, girls=303), aged five to ten years were studied from the 15 primary schools who were the beneficiaries of ICDS centers. Underweight (weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ)) and wasting (weight-for height Z-score (WHZ)) were used to assess the nutritional status. Findings – The nutritional situation (both in case of underweight and wasting) was better in Center B as compared with Center A. In general, the nutritional condition of boys was better than girls. Center had a very significant effect on both WAZ as well as WHZ, irrespective of age and sex. Sex has a significant impact only on WAZ. Interestingly, there was no significant sex-center interaction for both WAZ as well as WHZ. The children of the area were getting Mid Day Meal supplied through the school authorities which was comparatively better than the ICDS centers’ food supplementation. Better monitoring of nutritional supplementation at primary schools may be an important factor. Practical implications – In ICDS centers, only the Anganwari worker is responsible in running and implementing the programs offered by the Government. However, at primary schools, the active involvement of all the teachers to run the program may have effectively led to have better results. Furthermore, the Government's focus should not be only on the increase the area covered by the ICDS program, but focus should be to increase the quality of food supplied, proper monitoring of the implementation and increase the allocation of funds. Appropriate measures may be taken by the authorities regarding this. Originality/value – The results of the study will help in policy making in reducing the prevalence of undernutrition.

scholarly journals It's better than stealing: informal street selling in Brussels

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 670-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Boels
Keyword(s):  
Informal Economy ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Illegal Migrants ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Perspective ◽  
Precarious Situation ◽  
Better Than

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into the organisation of informal street selling in the capital of Belgium, its association with formal and illegal selling and the perceptions, choices and decisions of the sellers. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach (case study) was employed, including interviews, observations and document analyses. Findings – The results point to different types of informal street selling, which are mainly executed by (illegal) migrants as a survival strategy. The case illustrates the different interrelations between the formal, informal and criminal economy. Notwithstanding the precarious situation of many informal sellers (informal), street selling is preserved by the government as a social safety net. Moreover, informal selling is neutralised by the suggestion that it is a better alternative than stealing or committing crimes which inflict physical harm and feelings of insecurity. Research limitations/implications – The results have limited generalisability, but are theoretically and methodologically important. Practical implications – Implications for migration policy (e.g. more preventative actions in countries of origin, shorter procedures, development of migration regulations accounting for other policy domains, e.g. employment market). Originality/value – The study fills a gap in the literature as there is limited empirical research on informal economy and Belgian informal street selling. Results are discussed in relation to international literature, thus overcoming a purely national perspective.

scholarly journals Mass Mobilization and the Durability of New Democracies

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Kadivar
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Original Data ◽  
New Democracies ◽  
Mass Mobilization ◽  
The Past ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
The Government ◽  
Past Half

The “elitist approach” to democratization contends that “democratic regimes that last have seldom, if ever, been instituted by mass popular actors” (Huntington 1984:212). This article subjects this observation to empirical scrutiny using statistical analyses of new democracies over the past half-century and a case study. Contrary to the elitist approach, I argue that new democracies growing out of mass mobilization are more likely to survive than are new democracies that were born amid quiescence. Survival analysis of 112 young democracies in 80 different countries based on original data shows that the longer the mobilization, the more likely the ensuing democracy is to survive. I use a case study of South Africa to investigate the mechanisms. I argue that sustained unarmed uprisings have generated the longest-lasting new democracies—largely because they are forced to develop an organizational structure, which provides a leadership cadre for the new regime, forges links between the government and society, and strengthens checks on the power of the post-transition government.

scholarly journals Exploring possibilities of social entrepreneurial activities as a tool to reduce unemployment amongst churches in Tshwane central and Mamelodi East: Pretoria case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Semape J. Manyaka-Boshielo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Community Mapping ◽  
The People ◽  
World Cafe ◽  
The Government ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The Church

Unemployment is one of the major problems in South Africa. It is the concern of the government and the people at large to engage in means in order to reduce poverty. In this research, I would like to explore the possibilities of social entrepreneurial activities as a way of social and economic transformation in Tshwane. If this could be a possibility it means the church can go all out to see that the communities and members are encouraged to engage in. People will be able to improve their lives without depending on the grants from the government. Our methodology will be a literature review and intra-disciplinary approach. The method would be community mapping, World Café and focused group.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN KONSEP E-GOVERNMENT DALAM BENTUK APLIKASI ELEKTRONIK KELURAHAN PADA KELURAHAN SUNGAIBANGKONG KECAMATAN PONTIANAK KOTA KOTA PONTIANAK PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT

2018 ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Verdico Arief ◽  
Ade M. Yuardani
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Know How ◽  
Village Level ◽  
Urban Village ◽  
The Government ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT Effectiveness of electronic kelurahan application function in Pontianak City is a research to know how function of e-village application helps civil apparatus of state serve society at urban village level in order to develop smart city concept. This research uses the theories by Rian Van der Merwe and James Bekker, the theory is designed to evaluate and know the benefits of a website or application by assessing how the conditions of interface, navigation, content, reliability, and technical. This research uses qualitative method with case study technique, this is done in order to present the phenomenon of multi perspective description. From the results of research, basically the existence of e-kelurahan applications is very useful for the government, but not too effective, there are still problems that must be fixed, so that the future of this application can be more effective and better than before. Research results recomende to perfect e-kelurahan applications dan system. Keywords: e-kelurahan, e-government, public service

scholarly journals Gender Inequalities in the Workplace: Case Study of South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
South African ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
The South ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Women In The Workplace ◽  
The Government

The South African government implemented different legislative mechanisms in an attempt to address gender equality in the workplace, discrimination, and empowering women. To review whether there has been any progress after implementing these legislative mechanisms, this paper empirically analyzes the advancement of gender equality in the South African workplace as of 2020. It also provides an overview of different legislative mechanisms implemented by the government of South Africa as an endeavor to achieve gender equality in the workplace and equal opportunities for all regardless of gender. The main objective of this paper is to review gender equality progress in the South African workplace and a qualitative research method has been used to analyze different gender inequalities. Lastly, the paper provides an overview of gender equality analysis in different occupational levels in the South African workplace. The research shows that regardless of the South African government’s different legislative mechanisms to address gender equality, progress is still gloomy as discrimination against women in the workplace continues and the men remain dominant. The data analyses conclude that progress in addressing gender equality has been inert, delaying equal opportunities for all South Africans.

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