scholarly journals Local sales restrictions significantly reduce the availability of menthol tobacco: findings from four Minnesota cities

2020 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055577
Author(s):  
Joanne D'Silva ◽  
Joanne Moze ◽  
John H. Kingsbury ◽  
Rebecca K Lien ◽  
Christine M Matter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Retail Store ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Enforcement Action ◽  
Tobacco Marketing ◽  
Liquor Stores ◽  
Convenience Stores ◽  
Monitoring And Enforcement ◽  
Us Cities

BackgroundIn 2017 and 2018, Minneapolis, St. Paul, Duluth and Falcon Heights, Minnesota were among the first US cities to restrict the sale of menthol tobacco to adult-only stores. The study examined changes in the availability and marketing of these products following policy implementation.MethodsRetail store audits were conducted approximately 2 months pre-policy and post-policy implementation. Tobacco retail stores (n=299) were sampled from tobacco licensing lists in Minneapolis, St. Paul, Duluth and Falcon Heights, as well as six comparison cities without menthol policies. The presence of menthol tobacco was assessed, along with the number of interior and exterior tobacco ads and promotions at each store.ResultsThe majority of policy intervention stores (grocery, convenience stores and pharmacies) were compliant (Minneapolis, 84.4%; Duluth, 97.5%; and St. Paul and Falcon Heights, 100.0%) and did not sell menthol tobacco. In contrast, menthol tobacco was available in all comparison city stores, and most (96.0%) exempted tobacco shops and liquor stores post-policy implementation. Two Minneapolis convenience stores added interior tobacco shops, allowing them to continue selling menthol tobacco. Significant decreases in menthol tobacco marketing post-policy were observed in the stores’ interior in Minneapolis, St. Paul and Duluth (p<0.001) and on the stores’ exterior in Duluth (p=0.023).ConclusionsFindings demonstrate high rates of compliance, indicating that sales restrictions can significantly reduce the availability of menthol tobacco. However, challenges to policy adherence underscore the need for continued monitoring and enforcement action.

scholarly journals Weighted Centrality and Retail Store Locations in Beijing, China: A Temporal Perspective from Dynamic Public Transport Flow Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9069
Author(s):  
Cong Liao ◽  
Teqi Dai ◽  
Pengfei Zhao ◽  
Tiantian Ding
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Retail Store ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Flow Networks ◽  
Weighted Degree ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Convenience Stores ◽  
Transport Flow

The spatial relationship between transport networks and retail store locations is an important topic in studies related to commercial activities. Much effort has been made to study physical street networks, but they are seldom empirically discussed with considerations of transport flow networks from a temporal perspective. By using Beijing’s bus and subway smart card data (SCD) and point of interest (POI) data, this study examined the location patterns of various retail stores and their daily dynamic relationships with three weighted centrality indices in the networks of public transport flows: degree, betweenness, and closeness. The results indicate that most types of retail stores are highly correlated with weighted centrality indices. For the network constructed by total public transport flows in the week, supermarkets, convenience stores, electronics stores, and specialty stores had the highest weighted degree value. By contrast, building material stores and shopping malls had the weighted closeness and weighted betweenness values, respectively. From a temporal perspective, most retail types’ largest correlations on weekdays occurred during the after-work period of 19:00 to 21:00. On weekends, shopping malls and electronics stores changed their favorite periods to the daytime, while specialty stores favored the daytime on both weekdays and weekends. In general, the higher store type level of the shopping malls correlates more to weighted closeness or betweenness, and the lower-level store type of convenience stores correlates more to weighted degree. This study provides a temporal analysis that surpasses previous studies on street centrality and can help with urban commercial planning.

Positive Reintegration as a Way of Small and Medium-Sized Business Development

2012 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
A. Zolotov ◽  
M. Mukhanov
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Alternative Possibility ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Compensation Mechanisms ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Monitoring And Enforcement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modernization Process

А new approach to policy-making in the field of economic reforms in modernizing countries (on the sample of SME promotion) is the subject of this article. Based on summarizing the ten-year experience of de-bureaucratization policy implementation to reduce the administrative pressure on SME, the conclusion of its insufficient efficiency and sustainability is made. The alternative possibility is the positive reintegration approach, which provides multiparty policy-making process, special compensation mechanisms for the losing sides, monitoring and enforcement operations. In conclusion matching between positive reintegration principles and socio-cultural factors inherent in modernization process is provided.

Inventory Management Process

2013 ◽  
pp. 106-120
Author(s):  
Amit Agrahari ◽  
Saket Jhunjhunwala
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
Convenience Store ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Management Process ◽  
The West ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Convenience Stores ◽  
Indian Context

This case captures inventory management process in an Indian convenience store. Unlike retail stores in developed countries, Indian convenience stores are a special format of organized retailing, where retailers open multiple smaller stores in a town instead of one big centralised store. An excellent inventory management process is the key to make such stores perform well. This case describes inventory management problems faced by an Indian convenience store chain and asks students to propose solutions to these problems. This case illustrates how processes realities and their IT solutions differ in an emerging economy. Using inventory management process as an example, this teaching case can introduce students to the process and technological realities in an Indian context and differences between India and the West.

Store Format Influence on Customer Perception of the Store Environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Susana Henriques Marques ◽  
Maria Santos
Keyword(s):  
Current Trend ◽  
Retail Store ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Client Perceptions ◽  
Customer Perception ◽  
Store Attributes ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Store Environment ◽  
Strategic Differentiation ◽  
Retail Formats

This study compares client perceptions of the global in-store environment applied to different retail store formats. Literature has shown that certain store attributes are important strategic differentiation tools for grocery retailers. A retail atmosphere can lead to success or failure of a business. Previous studies have neglected the current trend to the coexistence of different retail formats, under different brands but within the same organization. In these cases, a multi-banner company needs to customize the atmosphere to its customers in order to gain attention. This research is about the influence of the store format on the servicescape of the grocery retail stores. A survey was conducted of 302 hyper and supermarket customers. A range of atmospherics variables were considered, including some less studied, such as temperature and cleanliness. The results show that all the dependent variables are sensitive to store format, except cleanliness.

Creating and retaining customers: perspective from Pakistani small and medium retail stores

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wardah Irfan ◽  
Danish Ahmed Siddiqui ◽  
Waqar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Retail Store ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Store Image ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shopping Experience

PurposeNowadays customers want to enjoy their shopping experience with convenience and maximum value for their money. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of in-store logistics in crafting store image and perceived value to customers, thus creating satisfied and loyal customers.Design/methodology/approachA research framework was developed based on the review of relevant past research in the area of retail store service quality, perceived value, store image, customer loyalty and satisfaction. Valid data were gathered through a survey from 200 respondents who have shopping experience of small- and medium-sized retail store. Data are analysed through partial least square structural equation modelling (PLSSEM) using Smart PLS 3.2.4.FindingsThe findings of this study suggest that in-store logistics play a major role in developing customers’ satisfaction followed by store image and perceived value. Further, satisfied customers are expected to return to the same retail store, thus showing loyalty.Practical implicationsThis research provides insight into retail decisions makers regarding the factors which enhance customer satisfaction and retention. This study also helps marketers and operations managers to develop strategies for retail stores based on the findings of this research.Originality/valueFrom a retailer’s perspective the paper explains the factors empirically that impact shoppers in the retail store environment.

Sources of Variation at the Retail Level in Bacteriological Condition of Ground Beef1

1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. FIELD ◽  
F. C. SMITH ◽  
D. D. DEANE ◽  
G. M. THOMAS ◽  
A. W. KOTULA
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Retail Store ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Ground Meat ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Packaged Beef ◽  
Coagulase Positive Staphylococci

Ground beef from two locker plants using beef trimmings, and two retail stores, using 4.5-kg chub packs of coarse-ground centrally packaged beef as a source of meat, was evaluated microbiologically on the first Monday and Wednesday of every other month for 14 months. Only slight variations in coliform, fecal coliform, coagulase-positive staphylococci, and aerobic plate counts by plant or retail store were noted. Both retail stores using chub packs showed average total aerobic plate counts of 3.5 × 106/g while one locker plant averaged 1.7 × 106/g and the other 7.7 × 106/g. Source of meat for ground beef and holding time of the meat contributed most to differences in microbiological quality. Overall, ground meat packaged on Monday had higher (P&lt;05) average total aerobic plate counts (5.7 × 106/g) than that packaged on Wednesday (2.5 × 106/g) when more recent beef shipments were available. Coliform, fecal coliform, and coagulase-positive staphylococcus counts followed the same patterns as noted for total aerobic plate counts. Total aerobic plate counts in beef increased slightly in the locker plants where game was processed in the fall, in addition to beef. However, game meat did not cause Salmonella contamination of ground beef in plants where both game and beef were processed. Three Salmonella positive samples out of the 112 total ground beef samples and the 112 swabs from used grinders were isolated and serotyped.

scholarly journals Assessing the Relationship between Retail Store Tobacco Advertising and Local Tobacco Control Policies: A Massachusetts Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Bukola Usidame ◽  
Edward Alan Miller ◽  
Joanna E. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Retail Store ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. This study documents the extent of tobacco ads in retail stores and evaluates its association with the comprehensiveness of local tobacco control policies in the state of Massachusetts, US. Methods. Using a two-stage cluster sampling method, we sampled 419 retail stores across 42 municipalities to assess the presence and count of nine mutually exclusive tobacco ad categories. Tobacco ads by store type and municipality were analyzed using summary statistics and contingency tables. Regression models tested the association between the extent of tobacco ads and local tobacco control policy comprehensiveness. Results. Overall, 86.6% (n = 363) of all the retail stores had tobacco ads. On average, there were 6.7 ads per retail store (SD = 6.61) and 2804 ads across all the retail stores (range = 0 : 32). Retail stores had an average of three different categories of tobacco ads (mean = 2.98, SD = 1.84). Across all retail stores, the most frequent ad categories were power walls (80.0%) and e-cigarette ads (55.8%). Retail stores in municipalities with more comprehensive local tobacco control policies were more likely to have fewer tobacco ads (IRR = 0.92, p<0.01) and a lower number of tobacco ad categories (OR = 0.88, p<0.05). Conclusion. Municipalities can adopt more comprehensive tobacco control policies to help limit the extent of tobacco retail advertising. This can ultimately reduce smoking in their jurisdiction.

Retailer Compliance with State and Local Policies on Tobacco Advertising

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Bukola Usidame ◽  
Edward A. Miller ◽  
Joanna E. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Retail Store ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Advertising ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

Objectives: In this study, we assessed factors associated with retailer compliance with state and local government policies targeted at tobacco retail advertising in Massachusetts. Methods: Primary data collection was from 419 retail stores across 42 selected municipalities. Multi-level Bayesian logistic regression models assessed the relationship between retailer compliance and the comprehensiveness of local tobacco control policies; we also examined the number of tobacco ads, retail store type, and municipality-level socioeconomic and demographic factors. Results: Retail stores were fully compliant with state laws. At 92%, compliance with local tobacco advertising regulations was also high; a few retail stores advertised and sold flavored tobacco products and discounted tobacco products below the listed price. Retail stores with more tobacco ads and lower municipality-level smoking prevalence were less likely to be compliant with local tobacco advertising regulations relative to retail stores in other municipalities. Conclusions: Findings reveal a high degree of compliance with state and local tobacco advertising regulations in Massachusetts. State law in Massachusetts does not preempt local ordinances adopting more stringent tobacco control policies. Other states may exhibit similar levels of compliance should they follow Massachusetts example in allowing municipalities to adopt and enforce regulations that improve retail store compliance, hence limiting tobacco retail advertising.

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