Effects of exercise accumulation on plasma lipids and lipoproteins

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D. Wagganer ◽  
Charles E. Robison ◽  
Terry A. Ackerman ◽  
Paul G. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Lipid Panel ◽  
Lipids And Lipoproteins

Debate exists as to whether improvements in some cardiometabolic risk factors following exercise training result more from the last session of, or from an accumulation of, exercise sessions. This study was designed to compare the effect of a single exercise session with 3 consecutive days of exercise on triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). Twelve young adult (aged 22.5 ± 2.5 years), overweight (body mass index = 29.7 ± 4 kg·m–2), sedentary, black (n = 5) and white (n = 7) men (n = 6) and women (n = 6) completed, in random order, a single treadmill exercise session at 60% maximal oxygen uptake for 90 min (1EX), accumulated exercise sessions (same as for 1EX) for 3 consecutive days (3EX), and a control protocol (no exercise for 6 days). Plasma samples were collected from baseline through 24, 48, and 72 h postexercise. Significant treatment-by-time interactions (p < 0.05) existed in HDL-C and LDL-C. Postexercise responses of HDL-C differed at 48 h (1EX: –3.6, 3EX: + 3.7 mg·dL−1) and 72 h (1EX: –1.7, 3EX: + 3.2 mg·dL−1). LDL-C responses differed at 48 h (1EX: –16, 3EX: + 6 mg·dL−1). Although not statistically significant, TG concentrations decreased by 29% at 24 h after 3EX, compared with –7% after 1EX. An inverse relationship between baseline and postexercise reduction in TG was present with 3EX (r = –0.655; p < 0.05). In conclusion, 3EX increased HDL-C and decreased TG more than 1EX, while the decrease in LDL-C after 1EX was suppressed. Blood lipid panel changes may be due to more accumulated effects over time rather than just a result of the most recent exercise session.

Safety and Pharmacokinetics of an Endotoxin-Binding Phospholipid Emulsion

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 943-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce R Gordon ◽  
Thomas S Parker ◽  
Daniel M Levine ◽  
Stuart D Saal ◽  
Lisa Cooper Hudgins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Sodium Cholate ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Phospholipid Content ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Lipids And Lipoproteins

BACKGROUND: Lipids and lipoproteins have been shown to bind and neutralize endotoxin and to improve outcomes in animal models of sepsis. OBJECTIVE: To provide safety and pharmacokinetic data for a protein-free, phospholipid-rich emulsion developed as an agent to neutralize endotoxin, and to study the changes in lipids and lipoproteins following emulsion administration. METHODS: Thirty healthy male volunteers (aged 18–45 y) were given an emulsion containing 92.5% soy phospholipid, 7.5% soy triglyceride, and 18 mM sodium cholate using a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover protocol. Emulsion at 3 escalating doses (75, 150, 300 mg/kg) based on phospholipid content was administered by intravenous infusion over 2 hours in the low- and mid-dose groups and 6 hours in the high-dose group. RESULTS: All subjects completed the protocol without significant toxicities. A slight dose-dependent increase in indirect bilirubin at the 24-hour time point was observed in the emulsion treatment period, with a maximum difference between placebo and emulsion of 0.9 mg/dL. Mean ± SD peak phospholipid levels were 316 ± 30, 533 ± 53, and 709 ± 86 mg/dL, and phospholipid half-lives were 5.4 ± 0.6, 5.4 ± 0.5, and 8.0 ± 0.8 hours for the low, mid, and high doses, respectively. Increases in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I and B levels were observed. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased immediately following emulsion infusion, but rebounded to above placebo levels by 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS: A unique phospholipid-rich emulsion was shown to have a favorable safety profile and to expand the blood lipid and lipoprotein pool without the use of human-derived blood products. Lipid levels expected to protect against the physiologic effects of bacterial endotoxin were achieved.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BLOOD LIPID PROFILE AND BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN MEN WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE, METABOLIC SYNDROME, AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
S. A. Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Aim.To study the associations between blood lipid profile and blood glucose levels in men with coronary heart disease (CHD), stable effort angina (SEA), metabolic syndrome (MS), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2).Material and methods.The study included 82 men (mean age 50,5±0,9 years) with CHD, Functional Class I–III SEA, MS, and DM-2. The following lipid profile parameters were assessed: total cholesterol (TCH), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL–CH), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL–CH), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL–CH), atherogenic index (AI), and triglyceride index (TGI), together with fasting blood glucose.Results.There were positive (direct) associations between higher levels (>90th percentile) of lipid profile parameters (TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL– CH, HDL–CH, AI, TGI) and blood glucose, as well as between lower levels (≤10th percentile) of lipid profile parameters (TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL– CH, AI, TGI) and blood glucose. At the same time, there were negative (inverse) associations between lower lipid levels (≤10th percentile of TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL–CH, HDL–CH, AI, TGI) and higher glucose levels (>90th percentile), as well as between higher lipid levels (>90th percentile of TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL–CH, HDL–CH, AI, TGI) and lower glucose levels (≤10th percentile).Conclusion.Dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia demonstrate synergetic proatherogenic effects in patients with CHD, SEA, MS, and DM-2, as suggested by significant heterogeneous (direct and inverse) associations between lipid profile parameters and fasting blood glucose. The results obtained provide an opportunity for the assessment of risk levels, prognosis, and need for pharmacological prevention and treatment in patients with combined cardiovascular pathology. 

What's New? Guidelines and Goals

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Patricia R. Wigle ◽  
Kim K. Birtcher
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Lipid Panel ◽  
Heart Blood ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
Lung Institute

Several expert panels have written guidelines regarding the treatment of dyslipidemias. The recommendations from the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP); American Diabetes Association (ADA); American Heart Association (AHA); National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute (NHBLI); and National Kidney Foundation (NKF) will be reviewed. The guidelines agree on several points: using the fasting lipid panel as the initial screening tool, targeting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) initially, and achieving lower LDL-C goals. Some guidelines are more aggressive than those of the NCEP: the ADA and AHA have defined low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as <50 mg/dL for women; the ADA recommends a need for drug therapy when the patient's total cholesterol, rather than LDL-C, is ≥135 mg/dL for patients who are older than 40 years; the NKF and the AHA have classified patients with chronic kidney disease in the high-risk category; and the AHA has revised the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome to include additional people. More patients are qualifying for lifestyle modifications and medication treatment. A subset of these patients may require combination cholesterol-lowering medications to reach the new goals. Pharmacists will need to keep current with the literature and be knowledgeable about the guidelines to maximize the care given to our patients.

Effect of Curcumin on the Level of Blood Lipid and Blood Glucose in Diabetic Rat Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 419-422
Author(s):  
Ming San Miao ◽  
Lin Guo ◽  
Shuo Tian ◽  
Tan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model

Objective: To investigate the effects of curcumin on blood lipid and blood glucose levels and its mechanism in diabetic rat model. Method: After streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat model, large, medium and small doses of curcumin group were partly given curcumin solution 400,200,100mg·kg-1, administered once a day, continuously 30 days. In 30 th day, determine blood glucose (BG) value, after the last injection , determine the serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Results: Compared with the model group rats, each dose of curcumin group rats’ BG, TC, TG and LDL-C levels were significantly decreased, HDL-C levels was increased significantly. Conclusion: Curcumin has a certain impact on blood lipids and blood glucose in diabetic rat model.

scholarly journals The Effects of Different Levels of Dietary Protein and L-Carnitine on Blood Sugar and Lipids of the New GIFT Strain of Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1197-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Chen ◽  
Minghui Zhang ◽  
Jiandong Zhang ◽  
Hongbiao Dong ◽  
Hui Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Genetically Improved ◽  
Different Levels

The new GIFT (Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia) strain of Nile tilapia is a popular cultivated fish in Asia, but intensive aquaculture using nutritionally imbalanced feed has led to disorder of lipid metabolisms. An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted in order to assess the effects of different levels of L-carnitine (0, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg) and dietary protein (22, 25, and 28%) on blood sugar and blood lipid contents of the new juvenile GIFT strain of Nile tilapia. Results showed that dietary protein and L-carnitine had significant influences on glucose (GLU), high-density lipoprotein–cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood serum. The contents of GLU and HDL-C increased with the increases in dietary protein and L-carnitine levels, while the contents of TC, LDL-C, and TG decreased with the increases in dietary protein and L-carnitine levels. The interactive effect of both dietary protein and L-carnitine was most significant on GLU (p= 0.0001), followed by TG (p= 0.001), TC (p= 0.005), HDL-C (p= 0.056), and LDL-C (p= 0.109). These results suggested that high levels of dietary protein and L-carnitine supplementation reduce blood lipids and the burden of the fish liver.

scholarly journals Optimal cut-off points after a daily meal corresponding to fasting goal levels of LDL-C and non-HDL-C in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ling Guo ◽  
Yan-qiao Chen ◽  
Qiu-zhen Lin ◽  
Feng Tian ◽  
Qun-Yan Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

Abstract Background: Although the detection of non-fasting blood lipids has been recommended in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), the non-fasting cut-off points corresponding to the fasting goals of LDL-C < 1.8 mmol/Land non-HDL-C < 2.6 mmol/L, respectively, have not been explored. Methods: This study enrolled 397 inpatients with CHD. One hundred and ninety-seven patients took statins for < 1 month (m) or did not take any statin before admission (i.e. CHD1 group), while 204 patients took statins for ≥ 1 m before admission (i.e. CHD2 group). Blood lipid levels were measured at 0 h, 2 h, and 4 h after a daily breakfast. Results: Non-fasting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels significantly decreased after a daily meal ( P < 0.05). Both fasting and non-fasting LDL-C or non-HDL-C levels were significantly lower in the CHD2 group. The percent attainment of LDL-C < 1.8 mmol/L at 2 h or 4 h after a daily breakfast was significantly higher than that of its fasting point ( P < 0.05), whereas that of non-HDL-C < 2.6 mmol/L was significantly higher only at 4 h ( P < 0.05). Analysis of c-statistic showed that non-fasting cut-off points for LDL-C and non-HDL-C were 1.5 mmol/L and 2.4 mmol/L, corresponding to their fasting goal levels of 1.8 mmol/L and 2.6 mmol/L, respectively. When postprandial LDL-C and non-HDL-C goal attainments were re-evaluated by non-fasting cut-off points, there were no significant differences in percent attainment between fasting and non-fasting states. Conclusions: Determination ofnon-fasting cut-off points is important to evaluate the efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy if blood lipids are detected after a daily meal.

scholarly journals Alteration of lipid profile and prognostic value of lipids on the length of hospital stay in COVID-19 pneumonia patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Chen ◽  
Minghan Huang ◽  
Ziwen Zhao ◽  
Yukun Luo
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background The outbreak of the novel coronavirus SARSCoV-2 (coronavirus disease 2019; COVID-19) has spread to most of countries in the world. The tight relationship of plasma lipids and COVID-19 pneumonia (NCIP-19) has not been well invested. To observe lipid profiles and their alterations in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and evaluated the prognostic value of lipids for the length of hospital stay (LOS). Methods 248 NCIP-19 cases aged 18 years or older were enrolled in this study. Serum lipids, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected at admission. In 68 severe cases, levels of serum lipids were subsequently detected every 5 ~ 10 days. Results At admission, median levels of TG, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C in all patients, were 1.11 mmol/L, 4.00 mmol/L, 0.89 mmol/L and 2.11 mmol/L, respectively. Compared with common cases (n = 174), higher TG and HDL-C, lower LDL-C were observed in severe cases (n = 74). Levels of TC and LDL-C at admission were negatively correlated with LOS. In severe cases, the average levels of serum lipids were lowest at admission and gradually increased during hospitalization. Compared with the LOS ≤ 29d group, serum levels of TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C were significantly lower in the LOS > 29d group at admission; this lower trend always existed during the following tests for TC and LDL-C, but not for HDL-C and TG. Patients with LDL-C ≥ 1.70 mmol/L at admission showed a lower risk of LOS prolongation (adjusted HR = 0.557, 95% CI: 0.409–0.759, p < 0.001). Conclusions In NCIP-19, serum lipid levels were low at admission. Levels of TC and LDL-C at admission were negatively correlated with LOS. LDL-C < 1.7 mmol/L at admission may act as the independent predictor of LOS prolongation. In severe cases, the gradual increase of TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C during the hospitalization might indicate the gradual recovery of the disease.

scholarly journals Comparison Between Fasting and Non-Fasting Cut-Off Values of Triglyceride in Diagnosing High Triglyceride in Chinese Hypertensive Outpatients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Xie ◽  
Peiliu Qu ◽  
Tie Wen ◽  
Ling Liu ◽  
Xiao Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Fasting State

Abstract Background: Hypertension (HBP) often occurs together with hypertriglyceridemia that indicates elevated triglyceride (TG) and remnant cholesterol (RC) levels. Non-fasting (i.e. postprandial) blood lipid test after a daily meal has been recommended by the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS). However, little is known about the difference between fasting and non-fasting cut-off values in assessing high TG (HTG) and high RC (HRC) in HBP outpatients.Methods: Two hundred and twenty-five Chinese outpatients with HBP were enrolled in this study. According to the time of blood lipid test, they were divided into two groups, i.e. the fasting group (n=119) and the non-fasting group (n=139). Non-fasting levels of blood lipids at 2 h after a daily breakfast were also tested in 33 patients among the fasting group. Venous blood samples were collected. Serum levels of blood lipids were measured by the enzymatic and direct methods on a HITACHI 7170A analyzer or estimated via related formulas. Results: The non-fasting group had significantly higher levels of TG and RC while lower levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than the fasting group (P＜0.05). According to TG and RC cut-off values of the EAS, the percentages of HTG and HRC in the non-fasting group were 67.6% and 65.6%, respectively, while those in the fasting group were 57.1% and 52.9%, respectively. However, the percentages of HTG in the fasting state and at 2 h after a daily breakfast in 33 outpatients did not reach statistical significance (57.6% v.s. 51.5%). So did the fasting and at 2 h non-fasting percentages of HRC in them.Conclusion: Non-fasting blood lipid test could find more HBP outpatients with HTG in Chinese outpatients with HBP. However, the percentage of HTG at 2h after a daily breakfast seemed to be close to that in the fasting state.

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