Nitrogen assimilation and dissimilation in five genotypes of Brachiaria spp.

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1475-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Antonio A. Pereira ◽  
Johanna Döbereiner ◽  
Carlos A. Neyra
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Intact Soil ◽  
Nr Activity ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Nitrate Fertilization

Five genotypes of Brachiaria spp. were planted in a field experiment with and without nitrate fertilization. Nitrogen metabolism was evaluated by measurements of nitrate reductase (NR) activity in leaves, nitrate accumulation in stems, and nitrogenase activity and dentrification in intact soil–plant cores. There were differences between genotypes in all parameters and a tendency was observed for genotypes with high NR activity and nitrate accumulation to have low nitrogenase activity and vice versa. Brachiaria radicans (Tanner grass) was representative for the first type and B. ruziziensis (CPI 30623) for the second. Denitrification reached 7% of the applied N within 63 h and was lowest in Tanner grass and highest in B. brizantha (FL 902-4). Brachiaria ruziziensis (CPI 30623) plants were able to withstand N stress better than B. radicans as a consequence, possibly, of differences in nitrogenase activity.

Nitrogen assimilation and dissimilation in five genotypes of Brachiaria spp.

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1050-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Antonio A. Pereira ◽  
Johanna Döbereiner ◽  
Carlos A. Neyra
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Intact Soil ◽  
Nr Activity ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Nitrate Fertilization

Five genotypes of Brachiaria spp. were planted in a field experiment with and without nitrate fertilization. Nitrogen metabolism was evaluated by measurements of nitrate reductase (NR) activity in leaves, nitrate accumulation in stems, and nitrogenase activity and dentrification in intact soil–plant cores. There were differences between genotypes in all parameters and a tendency was observed for genotypes with high NR activity and nitrate accumulation to have low nitrogenase activity and vice versa. Brachiaria radicans (Tanner grass) was representative for the first type and B. ruziziensis (CPI 30623) for the second. Denitrification reached 7% of the applied N within 63 h and was lowest in Tanner grass and highest in B. brizantha (FL 902-4). Brachiaria ruziziensis (CPI 30623) plants were able to withstand N stress better than B. radicans as a consequence, possibly, of differences in nitrogenase activity.

scholarly journals Monomeric NarB Is a Dual-Affinity Nitrate Reductase, and Its Activity Is Regulated Differently from That of Nitrate Uptake in the Unicellular Diazotrophic Cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Strain RF-1

2003 ◽  
Vol 185 (19) ◽  
pp. 5838-5846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung-Hei Wang ◽  
Hongyong Fu ◽  
Yuh-Jang Shieh
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Nitrate Uptake ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Biphasic Kinetics ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Terminal Structure ◽  
Diazotrophic Growth ◽  
Nr Activity

ABSTRACT Synechococcus sp. strain RF-1 is a unicellular freshwater cyanobacterium that fixes N2 aerobically and exhibits a circadian rhythm for nitrogenase activity under a light-dark regimen. Synechococcus sp. strain RF-1 also utilizes nitrate, nitrite, or ammonium for growth. Under the diazotrophic growth, the nitrate uptake in Synechococcus sp. strain RF-1 was induced by nitrate or nitrite but repressed by ammonium. In contrast, a prominent nitrate reductase (NR) activity was detected in diazotrophically grown cells using the reduced methyl viologen assay. The NR activity was not inhibited by ammonium and only slightly enhanced by nitrate. The different expression patterns of nitrate uptake and NR in Synechococcus sp. strain RF-1 were reflected in general at the transcript level determined by reverse transcriptase PCR. Under both nitrate-induced and uninduced conditions, the in situ NR activity exhibited similar biphasic kinetics for nitrate. The recombinant NR encoded by the narB gene of Synechococcus sp. strain RF-1, expressed in E. coli, also showed the biphasic kinetics with similar pH and temperature profiles. By in-gel NR activity assay, the recombinant NarB was found to exist as a single form. Both the high- and low-affinity NR activities of the recombinant NarB showed the same thermostability. When modified at the N terminus by a polyhistidine tag, the recombinant NR activity was shifted from biphasic to hyperbolic kinetics and showed only a single Km for nitrate, indicating the functional importance of the NarB N-terminal structure in NR kinetics.

Nitrate Assimilation in Relation to Total Reduced N in Bengal Gram (Cicer arietinum)

1980 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Pokhriyal ◽  
Y. P. Abrol
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Nitrate Assimilation ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Bengal Gram ◽  
Nr Activity

SUMMARYOn the basis of a preliminary experiment with 20-day-old Cicer seedlings, wherein the values obtained by integrating the in vivo nitrate reductase (NR) activity with the duration closely approximated the actual reduced N, a field experiment was conducted with cv BG 203 (indeterminate type) to ascertain the extent to which the nitrate assimilated via the enzyme NR contributed to the total reduced N. Soil-derived N accounted for 15.1, 8.3 and 7.2% of the total reduced N at pre-flowering (I), profuse flowering (II) and seed filling (III) stages respectively. Out of the total soil-derived N, 10.1, 59.3 and 30.6% was reduced during stages I, II and III respectively.

scholarly journals Polyaspartic Acid Improves Maize (Zea mays L.) Seedling Nitrogen Assimilation Mainly by Enhancing Nitrate Reductase Activity

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyan Wang ◽  
Huihui Tang ◽  
Guangyan Li ◽  
Hui Dong ◽  
Xuerui Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Polyaspartic Acid ◽  
Nr Activity

Improvement of nitrogen use efficiency is of great importance in maize (Zea mays L.) production. In the present study, an eco-friendly growth substance, polyaspartic acid (PASP), was applied to maize seedlings grown with different nitrate (NO3−) doses by foliar spraying, aimed at evaluating its effects on maize nitrogen assimilation at both the physiological and molecular level. The results showed that PASP promoted biomass and nitrogen accumulation in maize seedlings, especially under low NO3− doses. Among different NO3− conditions, the most noticeable increase in plant biomass by PASP addition was observed in seedlings grown with 1 mmol L−1 NO3−, which was a little less than the optimum concentration (2 mmol L−1) for plant growth. Furthermore, the total nitrogen accumulation increased greatly with additions of PASP to plants grown under suboptimal NO3− conditions. The promotion of nitrogen assimilation was mostly due to the increase of nitrate reductase (NR) activities. The NR activities in seedlings grown under low NO3− doses (0.5 and 1.0 mmol L−1) were extremely increased by PASP, while the activities of glutamine synthetase (GS), aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT), and alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) were slightly changed. Moreover, the regulation of PASP on NR activity was most probably due to the promotion of the protein accumulation rather than gene expression. Accumulation of NR protein was similarly affected as NR activity, which was markedly increased by PASP treatment. In conclusion, the present study provides insights into the promotion by PASP of nitrogen assimilation and identifies candidate regulatory enzymatic mechanisms, which warrant further investigation with the use of PASP in promoting nitrogen utilization in crops.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Assimilation of Micropropagated Strawberry Plantlets during the Transition from Heterotrophy to Photoautotrophy

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 871A-871
Author(s):  
S. Aquin ◽  
Y. Desjardins ◽  
L.-P. Vézina
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Culture Period ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
Nr Activity ◽  
Different Tissues

A study was conducted to determine the implication of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) during the transition of micropropagated plantlets from heterotrophy to photoautotrophy to document how nitrogen metabolism interfaces with photosynthetic and anaplerotic CO2 fixation. The activity of the two enzymes was determined in different tissues at different organogenic stages during the development of plantlets transferred onto rooting media containing varying quantities of sucrose. Under 3% sucrose, NR activity was much higher in leaves than in crown tissues. When roots are initiating, there is a shift in the proportion of nitrate reduction from leaves to crown. As roots mature, the proportion of nitrate reduction increases in roots. Similar trends were observed under 5% sucrose. In contrast, under 1% sucrose, a higher proportion of the nitrate is reduced in the leaf tissues throughout the culture period. This suggests that nitrate is reduced mainly in leaves in photoautotrophic plantlets, while it is reduced in crowns and root tissues for mixotrophic plantlets. In general, the GS activity follows the pattern of NR, but is always in excess, to enable rapid assimilation of ammonium derived from metabolism and medium absorption.

scholarly journals Performance of lentil varities as influenced by different Rhizobium innoculations

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Haque ◽  
P Bala ◽  
AK Azad
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Rhizobium Strain ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Better Than

A field experiment was conducted at the farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2009 to March 2010 to study the response of three lentil varieties (viz., BARI Masur-1, BARI Masur-2 and BARI Masur-3) to Rhizobium inoculations to yield. There were three Rhizobium inoculants (Rhizobium strain BINA L4, Rhizobium strain TAL 640, and mixed culture) with uninoculated control and urea @ 50 kg ha-1. Phosphorus and potassium @ 26 kg P ha-1from TSP and 33 kg K ha-1 from MP were used as basal. It was observed that Rhizobium inoculation alone increased plant height, grain yield and crop residues yield of plant significantly compared to uninoculated control. Local inoculants BINA L4 performed better than the exotic culture TAL 640 in respect of yield. 50 kg urea ha-1 also recorded better results than control but not superior to any of the inoculation treatments. The highest seed (1,565 kg ha-1) and crop residue yields (3,303 kg ha-1) were recorded from the lentil variety BARIMasur-3 inoculated with mixed culture.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(1): 41-46

scholarly journals Effect of Carbon Dioxide on Nitrate Accumulation and Nitrate Reductase Induction in Corn Seedlings

1974 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 934-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Purvis ◽  
D. B. Peters ◽  
R. H. Hageman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation

Ridge tillage is likely better than no tillage for 14-year field experiment in black soils: Insights from a 15 N-tracing study

2018 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyi Liu ◽  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
Aizhen Liang ◽  
Jinbo Zhang ◽  
Christoph Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Ridge Tillage

scholarly journals Nodule efficiency of three soybean genotypes inoculated by different methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 356-360
Author(s):  
V. Milić ◽  
N. Mrkovački ◽  
M. Popović ◽  
Đ. Malenčić
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Nr Activity

The objective of the study was to investigate how the inoculation of soybean seed (variety Afrodita, and lines NS-L-2016 and NS-L-300168) with strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (1, 1a, 2b), Azotobacter chroococcum (3, 13, 14), and GA3 (gibberellic acid) affected plant dry weight, nitrogen content of nodules and whole plant, the enzymes of nitrogen assimilation (NR, GS) and soluble protein content. The highest dry matter mass and nitrogen content were found in the variety Afrodita, followed by line NS-L-300168. The GS and NR activity was increased significantly by all three inoculation treatments relative to the control. In all three genotypes, the highest values for the enzymatic activity were achieved with treatment mixture of B. japonicum and A. chroococcum strains. Each measurement was performed with three replications. The results were processed using variance analysis and the values were tested with the LSD at 5%.

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