The growth response and shallot production on some dosage of npk nitrate compound fertilizer 16-16-16

Fertilizer is considered to be one of the important factors in increasing shallot production. However, this must be followed by proper fertilization management to meet the nutrient requirements of the plant. This research was conducted with the aim of dertermining the correct dosage of NPK 16:16:16 based on ammonium nitrate in shallot plants. The assessment was carried out in October-December 2018. The research was carried out at one of the centers of shallot development, specificallly in Batu Rampung Hamlet, Tanete Village, Angeraja Sub-District, Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi. A randomized block design (RBD) was used in this research, accompanied by three replications and eight treatments: P1 = NPK Nitrate 16-16-16 450 kg/ha + Urea 150 kg/ha + ZA 300 kg/ha; P2 = NPK Nitrate 16-16-16 400 kg/ha + Urea 150 kg/ha + ZA 300 kg/ha; P3 = NPK Nitrate 16-16-16 350 kg/ha + Urea 150 kg/ha + ZA 300 kg/ha; P4 = NPK Nitrate 16-16-16 900 kg/ha; P5 = NPK Nitrate 16-16-16 800 kg/ha; P6 = NPK Nitrate 16-16-16 700 kg/ha; P7 = Urea 200 kg/ha + ZA 400 kg/ha + KCL 100 kg/ha; P8 = NPK Phonska 645 kg/ha + Urea 645 kg/ha + SP36 645 kg/ha. The results showed that NPK Nitrate Fertilization 16:16:16 at a dose of 700- 900 kg/ha indicated a fairly high growth and production (14.5-16.3 t/ha). The results obtained were not significantly different from the high-dose fertilization used by farmers (17.2 t/ha), and higher than the single dose based on the recommendation (12.8 t/ha).

Evaluation of the responsiveness of tulips to mineral fertilizers during early spring forcing in protected ground conditions

Relevance. When forcing tulips in the early spring period in conditions of protected soil, the effectiveness of fertilizers has not been sufficiently studied. Manufacturers and suppliers of planting material do not give clear recommendations on the timing and doses of the use of mineral fertilizers in the distillation process.Material and methods. The object of study was 6 varieties of tulips of the Dutch selection of the mid-early flowering period. In the experiment, a "9-degree distillation technology"was used. For mineral fertilizing of tulips, a solution of calcium nitrate – Ca(NO3)2 was used in concentrations of 0.1% and 0,2%. The repetition of the experience is fourfold. To assess the effect of fertilizing on the growth and development of tulips, the dynamics of changes in biomorphological indicators was studied: the height of the plants, the diameter of the flower, the mass of cut flowers, as well as the output of commercial products. Results. It was found that the use of calcium nitrate fertilization at a concentration of 0,2% at the early stages of plant development contributes to the formation of a larger cut in the studied varieties, characterized by a high strong stem exceeding the control by 3,83-43,8%, the formation of large peduncles with a diameter of 3,24-5,85 cm and an increase in the yield of marketable products reaching 98%. The profitability of this variant of applying calcium nitrate fertilizing is on average 42% for varieties.Results. It was found that the use of calcium nitrate fertilization at a concentration of 0,2% at the early stages of plant development contributes to the formation of a larger cut in the studied varieties, characterized by a high strong stem exceeding the control by 3,83- 43,8%, the formation of large peduncles with a diameter of 3,24-5,85 cm and an increase in the yield of marketable products reaching 98%. The profitability of this variant of applying calcium nitrate fertilizing is on average 42% for varieties.

Giant clam growth in the Gulf of Aqaba is accelerated compared to fossil populations

The health of reef-building corals has declined due to climate change and pollution. However, less is known about whether giant clams, reef-dwelling bivalves with a photosymbiotic partnership similar to that found in reef-building corals, are also threatened by environmental degradation. To compare giant clam health against a prehistoric baseline, we collected fossil and modern Tridacna shells from the Gulf of Aqaba, Northern Red Sea. After calibrating daily/twice-daily growth lines from the outer shell layer, we determined that modern individuals of all three species ( Tridacna maxima , T. squamosa and T. squamosina ) grew faster than Holocene and Pleistocene specimens. Modern specimens also show median shell organic δ 15 N values 4.2‰ lower than fossil specimens, which we propose is most likely due to increased deposition of isotopically light nitrate aerosols in the modern era. Nitrate fertilization accelerates growth in cultured Tridacna , so nitrate aerosol deposition may contribute to faster growth in modern wild populations. Furthermore, colder winter temperatures and past summer monsoons may have depressed fossil giant clam growth. Giant clams can serve as sentinels of reef environmental change, both to determine their individual health and the health of the reefs they inhabit.

Health Aspects, Growth Performance, and Meat Quality of Rabbits Receiving Diets Supplemented with Lettuce Fertilized with Whey Protein Hydrolysate Substituting Nitrate

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) was grown using a foliar spray with whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) as opposed to normal nitrate fertilization. Lettuce juice was prepared from lettuce cultivated without any fertilization, nitrate fertilization, or WPH. Sixty weaned, 4-week-old male V-line rabbits with an average 455 ± 6 g body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 15) and administered different lettuce juices. Rabbits administered WPH-fertilized lettuce showed significantly higher (n = 5, p < 0.05) body weight and carcass weight than those receiving nitrate-fertilized lettuce. Rabbits administered nitrate-fertilized lettuce were associated with significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of liver enzyme activities (AST, ALT, and ALP), bilirubin (total, direct, and indirect), and kidney biomarkers (creatinine, urea, and uric acid). Rabbits administered WPH-fertilized lettuce avoided such increases and exhibited normal levels of serum proteins. Rabbits administered nitrate-fertilized lettuce manifested significantly (p < 0.05) lower RBCs and Hb levels than that of the other groups, while those receiving WPH-fertilized lettuce showed the highest levels. Liver and kidney sections of rabbits receiving WPH-fertilized lettuce witnessed the absence of the histopathological changes induced by feeding on nitrate-fertilized lettuce and produced higher quality meat. WPH-lettuce can substitute nitrate-fertilized lettuce in feeding rabbits for better performance and health aspects.

Impacts of irrigation and nitrate fertilization scenarios on groundwater resources quantity and quality of Almyros Basin, Greece

Irrigation and nitrate fertilization scenarios were combined and simulated for the crop water irrigation demands and nitrogen applications based on experiments on crop cultivation practices. Two irrigation practices of deficit irrigation and rainfed conditions were applied in the main crop types of the Almyros Basin, a coastal basin located in Thessaly, Greece. The groundwater system of Almyros suffers from progressive water balance deficit, nitrate contamination and seawater intrusion due to the groundwater abstractions for agricultural irrigation to cover crop water demands in the dry season. The impacts of the irrigation and nitrate fertilization scenarios on groundwater resources quantity and quality were simulated with the Integrated Modelling System consisting of models of surface hydrology (UTHBAL), groundwater hydrology (MODFLOW), crop growth/nitrates leaching (REPIC), contaminant transport (MT3DMS), and seawater intrusion (SEAWAT), for the historical period of 1991–2018. The results of the scenarios were evaluated with the indicators of Crop Water Productivity (CWP) for crop yields and irrigation water, Partial Factor Productivity (PFP) for Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Economic Water Productivity (EWP) for the gross profits of irrigation water.

RESULTS OF PROCESSING OF VARIOUS VARIETIES OF WINTER WHEAT WITH AQUADON-MICRO MICRO FERTILIZATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE TAMBOV REGION

The article presents the results of studying winter wheat varieties in the conditions of the Tambov region on chernozem soil in 2015-2016. At the same time, options were considered with ammonium nitrate fertilization together with Aquadon-Micro micro fertilization and without it to increase the productivity of varieties of various types of intensity.