La morphogenèse florale chez le pétunia. III. Déviations dans le programme organogène chez un mutant femelle stérile

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 866-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-France Turlier ◽  
Josiane Alabouvette ◽  
Diane Doulain-Douvier
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Male Gametophyte ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Pollen Sacs

A monogenic mutant of Petunia hybrida R-n57 exhibits flowers with abnormal gynoecium: various malformations, such as the opening of the style and the nonprotection of ovules, or the masculinization with development of pollen sacs, anthers, and male gametophyte growing with or within ovules. The same type of abnormalities happens over and over along one inflorescential axis so that an ontogenic analysis can be conducted. Some assumptions are supported by the histocytological study: a few punctual modifications of the normal organogenesis program, recently established, and one new stage ending at the masculine or abnormal gynoecium, with homeotic members, are involved. Relations between the deflected development and female sterility are argued. Key words: flower, teratology, morphogenesis, mutant, Petunia.

Research note: Maternally-controlled ovule abortion results from cosuppression of dihydroflavonol-4-reductase or flavonoid-3′,5′-hydroxylase genes in Petunia hybrida

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Jorgensen ◽  
Qiudeng Que ◽  
Carolyn A. Napoli
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Chalcone Synthase ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Direct Inhibition ◽  
Embryo Abortion ◽  
Maternal Tissue ◽  
Normal Seed

Transgenes designed to overexpress anthocyanin genes An6 (encoding dihydroflavonol-4-reductase) or Hf1 (encoding flavonoid-3′,5′-hydroxylase) in Petunia hybrida L. produced flower colour phenotypes similar to those caused by sense cosuppression of chalcone synthase (Chs) genes. However, unlike Chs, sense cosuppression of An6 and Hf1 resulted in female infertility in transgenotes exhibiting complete phenotypic suppression of anthocyanins. Female sterility appeared to be due to embryo abortion, with discolouration of ovules first appearing about 4 d post-fertilization, followed by gradual collapse of the ovule. Pollen from cosuppressed, female-sterile transgenotes placed on wild-type stigmas produced normal seed set, indicating that sterility of cosuppressed plants was maternally controlled. We suggest an hypothesis that cosuppression of An6 and Hf1 leads to accumulation of dihydroflavonols in the seed coat, a maternal tissue, and that this accumulation inhibits embryo growth, either directly or indirectly. In this hypothesis, direct inhibition of embryo growth would require that dihydroflavonols diffuse from the seed coat into the embryo and act there, whereas indirect inhibition would require that dihydroflavonols interfere with some capacity of the seed coat to promote embryo growth.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF PHYSICAL MUTAGENS ON THE MALE GAMETOPHYTE OF THE TEA PLANT FOR ITS FURTHER USE IN HYBRIDIZATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 880-883
Author(s):  
Davit Baratashvili ◽  
Nino Lomtatidze ◽  
Guguli Dumbadze ◽  
Neli Khalvashi ◽  
Nino Kedelidze
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Male Gametophyte ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Nucleus ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Migration Intensity ◽  
Pollen Sacs

The migration of the radioisotopes - P32 and S35 from the soil to the tea plant (flowers) was studied. It is shown that their accumulation intensity in pollen sacs increases in proportion to the dose and reaches its maximum in the P32 variant after using a 8.0 MBq / ml dose. The migration intensity was the lowest in the 2.0 MBq / ml variant (0.14-0.223 MBq / 100 mg). It is estimated that P32 and S35 have significantly affected the vitality of tea plant pollens through the anomalies of their development. After using 2.0 and 4.0 MBq / ml doses, the vitality of the pollen is reduced in proportion to the dose and the development anomalies increase. Particulalry, the viability of pollen decrease compared to the control group, but the frequency and range of development anomalies increases. These include the slow development of the plant or the acceleration of the development of the primary nucleus, polyspermia, undeveloped pollen tube, etc. The use of processed P32 and S35 tea pollens in hybridization significantly increases the frequency of new formations and results in variability in the domination of signs.  Among the new formations include the induction of haploids and triploids.

La morphogenèse florale chez le pétunia. I. Analyse d'un mutant à corolle staminée

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Vallade ◽  
Daniel Maizonnier ◽  
André Cornu
Keyword(s):  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Fertile Pollen ◽  
Pollen Sacs

The blind mutant of Petunia hybrida Hort. is characterized by a flower with a highly modified corolla: the much reduced or lacking corolla tube lamina is replaced by five supernumerary anthers, which produce scarce but fertile pollen. The ontogenic study of stamen and corolla formation shows the existence of three separate morphogenetic patterns corresponding to the development of undifferentiated appendages, the formation of pollen sacs or floral appendages, and the final intercalary growth (filament and corolla tube elongation), respectively. A first interpretative scheme of the floral morphogenesis is proposed and discussed.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis adaptor protein 1G2 is required for female and male gametogenesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongmei Zhou ◽  
Wenqin Fang ◽  
Li-Yu Chen ◽  
Neha Pandey ◽  
Azam Syed Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Gametophyte ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Adaptor Protein ◽  
Complementation Test ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Male Gametogenesis ◽  
Native Promoter ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Mother Cells

Abstract Background: The gametophyte s are essential for the productive process in angiosperms. During sexual reproduction in flowering plants, haploid spores are formed from meioses of spore mother cells. The spores then undergo mitosis and develop into female and male gametes and give rise to seeds after fertilization. Results: We identified a female sterile mutant from EMS mutagenesis, and a BC1F2 population was generated for map based cloning of the causal gene. Genome re-sequencing of mutant and non-mutant pools revealed a candidate gene, AP1G2 . Analyses of two insertions mutants, ap1g2-1 +/- in exon 7 and ap1g2-3 -/- in 3’ UTR, revealed partial female sterility. Complementation test using native promoter of AP1G2 restored the function in ap1g2-1 +/- and ap1g2-3 -/- . AP1G2 is a paralog of AP1G1 , encoding the large subunit (γ) of adaptor protein-1 (AP-1). ap1g2 mutation led to defective female and male gametophyte development was determined. In the ap1g2 mutants, the mitotic cycles and synchronic development of female gametophytes were impaired, which led to the arrest of female gametophytes at one nucleus stage FG1. Pollen development in ap1g2 was also arrested at one nucleus stage before PMI (pollen mitosis I). AP1G2 was expressed at high levels in different stages of ovule and pollens and actively dividing tissues, including shoot apical meristems, leaf primordial and root tips. Conclusions: AP1G2 was identified to have a role in the processes of female and male gametogenesis by regulating the first mitosis at one nucleus stage, and the expression pattern suggested AP1G2 is crucial for plant growth and development. Keywords: Arabidopsis, AP1G2 , megagametogenesis, microgametogenesis, development.

Рrophylaxis of unsuccessful attempts of auxiliary genesial technologies

2017 ◽  
pp. 110-112
Author(s):  
I.E. Paluga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Endocrine Disturbances ◽  
Individual Program ◽  
Sterility Treatment ◽  
The Individual

The objective: depression of frequency of unsuccessful attempts of auxiliary genesial technologies on the basis of studying of new aspects of pathogenesis of female sterility, and also improvement and introduction of algorithm of prognostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Patients and methods. Аt 1 stage (forecasting of results of ART) 97 married couples (1 group) which passed sterility treatment were surveyed. At the 2nd stage (prophylaxis of unsuccessful attempts of ART) 108 patients of genesial age who had in the anamnesis of 2 and more attempts of ART were surveyed. Results. Unsuccessful attempts ART arise at various reasons of sterility: a tubal and peritoneal factor – 48.5%; endocrine disturbances – 44.3%; a man’s factor – 29.9%; an external genital endometriosis of the I–II st – 21,7%, and also a combination of above-mentioned reasons of sterility – 60.8%. At female factors of sterility depression of an ovarialny reserve and unavailability of functional state an endometrium which take place are the main reasons of unsuccessful attempts of auxiliary genesial technologies as is independent, and in a combination. Conclusion. For rising of efficiency of ART it is necessary to use, first of all, effective forecasting taking into account functional, laboratory and morphological methods of researches. Further, it is necessary to develop the individual program of specific preparation taking into account all preliminary results. Key words: auxiliary genesial technologies, unsuccessful attempts, prophylaxis.

scholarly journals Effects of Salinity on the Development of Hydroponically Grown Borage (Borago officinalis L.) Male Gametophyte

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firoozeh TORABI ◽  
Ahmad MAJD ◽  
Shekoofeh ENTESHARI ◽  
Saeed IRIAN ◽  
Mohammad NABIUNI
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Male Gametophyte ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Anther Wall ◽  
Borago Officinalis ◽  
Plant Fecundity ◽  
Anther Wall Development ◽  
General Response ◽  
Pollen Sacs ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

In this research, the effect of salinity on the development of anther in hydroponically-grown borage was studied. Plants grown on hydroponic media are rapidly and transiently stressed. The overall objective of this research was to elucidate the microscopic effects of salinity on the formation, development, and structure of anthers. Flowers, at different developmental stages, were removed, fixed in FAA, embedded in paraffin, and cut into 7-10 μm slices using a microtome. Staining was carried out with Hematoxylin-Eosine, and the developmental stages of the control and NaCl-treated plants were compared. In control plants young anther consisted of 4 pollen sacs. Anther wall development followed the typical dicotyledonous pattern and was composed of an epidermal layer, an endothecium layer, and the tapetum. Microspore tetrads were tetrahedral. Salinity caused certain abnormalities during pollen developmental processes, such as the destruction of the anther wall and both the degeneration and production of abnormal pollen grains. A decrease in plant fecundity, which involves aborting pollen, followed by a change in resource from reproductive activities to metabolic reactions is possibly a general response to the deleterious effects of salinity.

Multislice imaging of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Preferential Localization ◽  
Multislice Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography Diagnosis

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract (1%). These tumors express the CD 117 in 95% of cases. The stomach is the preferential localization (70%). Diagnosis is difficult and sometimes late. Progress of imaging has greatly improved the management and the prognosis. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for diagnosis, staging, and treatment follow-up. The increasing recognition of GIST’s histopathology and the prolonged survival revealed some suggestive imaging aspects. Key words: gastro-intestinal stromal tumors; computed tomography; diagnosis

METHODS OF CONSULTING ON STUDYING THE DEGREE OF MOISTURE SUPPLY OF SLOPE LANDS FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN AZERBAIJAN

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof.RAE Aliev Z.H.
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Ecology ◽  
Arable Soil ◽  
Clean Technology ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Current Information ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Managerial System

The current information on moisture and the temperature of the ground in managerial system by production to agricultural product necessary, in the first place, for taking the operative decisions at development ecological clean technology irrigation under growing agricultural cultures to achieve the maximum harvest. Key words: aerospace methods, COW, moisture, moisture test, arable, soil, ecology, vafer humidity, drill, graduation, tool, etc.

PELAKSANAAN HUKUM KEWARISAN ISLAM DI PENGADILAN AGAMA BANTEN

ALQALAM ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Yusuf Somawinata
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Ideal

This article aims at describing the obseroance of wasiat wajibah (compulsory bequeathment) in the Islamic court of Banten, analyzing the provision of the substitute heir and adopted children in the Compilation of  Islamic Law (KHI). In addition, the ideal laws to manage the innheritance rules in Indonesia. This article is library research by using doctrinal approach and using case study and survey methods. The data was, then, analyzed by using analytical descriptive and analytical correlative methods. The result showed that the observance of wasiat wajibah in the Islamic court of  Banten employed by judges is by using the Mawali Hazairin’s Doctrine. The criteria of the adoption of substitute heir and adopted children in the KHI is the attempts of Ulama and many judgees junst in giving legal justice and certainty to the society.   Key Words: Islamic Inheritance Law, Compilation of Islamic Law, Islamic court of  Banten

Phosphorus fertilization in inbred and hybrid rice

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
MR Islam ◽  
PK Saha ◽  
SK Zaman ◽  
MJ Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Boro Rice

Five phosphorus rates (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 kg P/ha) were tested with four rice genotypes in Boro (BRRI dhan36, BRRI dhan45, EH1 and EH2) and T. Aman (BRRI dhan30, BRRI dhan49, EH1 and EH2) season. Phosphorus rates did not influence grain yield irrespective of varieties in T. Aman season while in Boro season P response was observed among the P rates. Application of P @ 10 kg/ha significantly increased the grain yield. But when P was applied @ 20 and 30 kg P/ha, the grain yield difference was not significant. The optimum and economic rate of P for T. Aman was 20 kg P/ha but in Boro rice the optimum and economic doses of P were 22 and 30 kg/ha, respectively. Hybrid entries (EH1 and EH2) used P more efficiently than inbred varieties. A negative P balance was observed up to 10 kg P/ha. Key words: Response; Phosphorus fertilizer; Inbred; Hybrid rice DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i2.8962 DUJBS 2010; 19(2): 181-187

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document