Drosera rotundifolia growth and nutrition in a natural population with special reference to the significance of insectivory

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1409-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Neal Stewart Jr. ◽  
Erik T. Nilsen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Phosphorus Retention ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Nutrient Additions ◽  
Nutrient Enhancement ◽  
Growth And Nutrition ◽  
Drosera Rotundifolia ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
The Impact

The impact of nutrient addition on growth and nutrient accumulation in Drosera rotundifolia was studied in a field population. Experiments were performed by exclosing insects and (or) adding phosphorus and (or) nitrogen to soil. Drosera rotundifolia did not significantly benefit from insect capture nutritionally or energetically in native or nutritionally enhanced soils. Added nutrients to the soil or supplemental foliar insect feeding decreased phosphorus retention in hibernacula by 50%. Nutrient additions reduced D. rotundifolia vegetative growth in both N and P addition treatments. In addition, allocation to reproduction (inflorescences) decreased by 98% when N was added to the soil. Phosphorus retention in hibernacula was especially high in plots in which no nutrients were added via the soil or by insect applications. Although not statistically significant, flower stalk density and floral biomass were greater where insects were available to plants. The data from this study indicate that insectivory has little impact on growth of field grown D. rotundifolia. This species is adapted to low nutrient availability and nutrient enhancement reduces growth. Indices of nutrient retention suggest that phosphorus is conserved more than nitrogen and therefore may be an important limiting nutrient. Key words: insectivory, nitrogen, phosphorus, sundew.

scholarly journals Nutrient retention behind a tropical mega-dam: a case study of the Sardar Sarovar Dam, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish Gupta ◽  
S. Kiran Kumar Reddy ◽  
Mounika Chiluka ◽  
Vamshikrishna Gandla
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Narmada River ◽  
Sardar Sarovar ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this study, we demonstrate the impact of the construction of a mega-dam on the nutrient export regime of a large tropical river into the Arabian Sea. Long-term (11 years) fortnight nutrient parameters, upstream and downstream to Sardar Sarovar (SS) Dam, were examined to determine the periodical change in nutrient fluxes from the Narmada River, India. During this 11-year period, the average discharge of the Narmada River upstream to Rajghat (35.3 km3 year−1) was higher than that of downstream at Garudeshwar (33.9 km3 year−1). However, during the same period, the suspended sediment load was reduced by 21 million tons (MT) from 37.9 MT at Rajghat to 16.7 MT at Garudeshwar. Similarly, mean concentrations of dissolved silica (DSi) reduced from 470 (upstream) to 214 µM (downstream), dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) from 0.84 to 0.38 µM, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) from 43 to 1.5 µM. It means that about 54%, 55%, and 96% flux of DSi, DIP, and DIN retained behind the dam, respectively. The estimated denitrification rate (80,000 kg N km−2 year−1) for the reservoir is significantly higher than N removal by lentic systems, globally. We hypothesize that processes such as biological uptake and denitrification under anoxic conditions could be a key reason for the significant loss of nutrients, particularly of DIN. Finally, we anticipated that a decline in DIN fluxes (by 1.13 × 109 mol year−1) from the Narmada River to the Arabian Sea might reduce the atmospheric CO2 fixation by 7.46 × 109 mol year−1.

scholarly journals Agricultural intensification reduces microbial network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in roots

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiran Banerjee ◽  
Florian Walder ◽  
Lucie Büchi ◽  
Marcel Meyer ◽  
Alain Y. Held ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
No Till ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Root Microbiota

AbstractRoot-associated microbes play a key role in plant performance and productivity, making them important players in agroecosystems. So far, very few studies have assessed the impact of different farming systems on the root microbiota and it is still unclear whether agricultural intensification influences network complexity of microbial communities. We investigated the impact of conventional, no-till and organic farming on wheat root fungal communities usingPacBio SMRT sequencingon samples collected from 60 farmlands in Switzerland. Organic farming harboured a much more complex fungal network than conventional and no-till farming systems. The abundance of keystone taxa was the highest under organic farming where agricultural intensification was the lowest. The occurrence of keystone taxa was best explained by soil phosphorus levels, bulk density, pH and mycorrhizal colonization. The majority of keystone taxa are known to form arbuscular mycorrhizal associations with plants and belong to the ordersGlomerales,Paraglomerales, andDiversisporales. Supporting this, the abundance of mycorrhizal fungi in roots and soils was also significantly higher under organic farming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report mycorrhizal keystone taxa for agroecosystems, and we demonstrate that agricultural intensification reduces network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in the root microbiota.

scholarly journals Relative influence of soil- vs. biochar properties on soil phosphorus retention

Geoderma ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswanath Dari ◽  
Vimala D. Nair ◽  
Willie G. Harris ◽  
P.K.R. Nair ◽  
Lynn Sollenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Relative Influence ◽  
Phosphorus Retention

scholarly journals Active layer slope disturbances affect seasonality and composition of dissolved nitrogen export from High Arctic headwater catchments

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J. Lafrenière ◽  
Nicole L. Louiseize ◽  
Scott F. Lamoureux
Keyword(s):  
Active Layer ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Headwater Catchments ◽  
Dissolved Nitrogen ◽  
Total Dissolved Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Export ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Seasonal Discharge ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impacts of active layer detachments (ALDs) on nitrogen in seasonal runoff from High Arctic hillslope catchments. We examined dissolved nitrogen in runoff from an undisturbed catchment (Goose (GS)) and one that was disturbed (Ptarmigan (PT)) by ALDs, prior to disturbance (2007) and 5 years after disturbance (2012). The seasonal dynamics of nitrogen species concentrations and fluxes were similar in both catchments in 2007, but the mean seasonal nitrate concentration and mass flux from the disturbed catchment were on the order of 30 times higher relative to the undisturbed catchment in 2012. Stormflow yielded 45% and 60% of the 2012 total dissolved nitrogen flux in GS and PT, respectively, although rainfall runoff provided less than 25% of seasonal discharge. Results support that through the combined effects of increased disturbance and rainfall, climate change stands to significantly enhance the export of nitrate from High Arctic watersheds. This study highlights that the increase in the delivery of nitrate from disturbance is especially pronounced late in the season when downstream productivity and the biological demand for this often limiting nutrient are high. Our results also demonstrate that the impact of ALDs on nitrate export can persist more than 5 years following disturbance.

Evaluation of the impact from the discharge of treated sewage on the south-east Saronicos Gulf through mathematical water quality modelling

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
C. Noutsopoulos ◽  
E. Gavalaki ◽  
A. Andreadakis
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
The South ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents the results of a study of the impact caused by the discharge of treated sewage from the south-west Attiki area to the south-east coast of the Saronicos Gulf. The study involved the application of a eutrophication-dissolved oxygen model which, following validation on the basis of field measurements, was applied to predict the impact of three different biological treatment configurations, with and without nutrients removal, as well as three alternative disposal sites on the quality of the receiving waters. The simulation results show that nitrogen is the limiting nutrient and that its removal during treatment results in a substantial improvement of the quality of the recipient. The disposal site is a critical factor in the case of a biological treatment scheme exhibiting carbon removal, but it is of limited importance in the case of treatment systems with nitrogen removal.

Comparison of single superphosphate and superphosphate coated with bauxite residue for subterranean clover production on phosphorus-leaching soils

Soil Research ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Summers ◽  
Martin Clarke ◽  
Tim Pope ◽  
Tim O'Dea
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Bauxite Residue ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
Glasshouse Experiment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Coated Granules

Bauxite residue from alumina refining was used to coat granules of single superphosphate to reduce the leaching of phosphorus in coarse, sandy soils for pastures in high rainfall areas of south-western Australia (>800 mm annual average). The impact of coating the superphosphate on the leaching of phosphorus was measured in a glasshouse experiment and the effectiveness of the fertiliser using dry herbage yield of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) was measured in a field experiment. The glasshouse experiment measured the effect of coating the superphosphate with bauxite residue at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40% by weight. A coating of 25% (by weight) was chosen for the field experiment. In the glasshouse experiment, the coated granules were applied to columns of soil, where subterranean clover was grown under leaching conditions. A coating of 30%, by weight, reduced leaching of single superphosphate by about half. Increasing the coating of bauxite residue also increased the phosphorus uptake and increased the plant growth. In the field trial, the effectiveness of single superphosphate with a bauxite residue coating of 25% by weight was increased on average by 100% in Year 1, 303% in Year 2, and 158% in Year 3, relative to freshly applied single superphosphate. The bauxite residue coating also increased the phosphorus content of the herbage in a similar manner to the increases in yield. Limited soil phosphorus tests showed only minor increases in the residues of phosphorus where the superphosphate had been coated with bauxite residue.

scholarly journals Edge-of-Field Technologies for Phosphorus Retention from Agricultural Drainage Discharge

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lipe Renato Dantas Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Phosphorus Retention ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Agricultural Catchments ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Phosphorus Form ◽  
Subsurface Drains

Agriculture is often responsible for the eutrophication of surface waters due to the loss of phosphorus—a normally limiting nutrient in freshwater ecosystems. Tile-drained agricultural catchments tend to increase this problem by accelerating the transport of phosphorus through subsurface drains both in dissolved (reactive and organic phosphorus) and particulate (particle-bound phosphorus) forms. The reduction of excess phosphorus loads from agricultural catchments prior to reaching downstream surface waters is therefore necessary. Edge-of-field technologies have been investigated, developed and implemented in areas with excess phosphorus losses to receive and treat the drainage discharge, when measures at the farm-scale are not able to sufficiently reduce the loads. The implementation of these technologies shall base on the phosphorus dynamics of specific catchments (e.g., phosphorus load and dominant phosphorus form) in order to ensure that local retention goals are met. Widely accepted technologies include constructed wetlands, restored wetlands, vegetated buffer strips and filter materials. These have demonstrated a large variability in the retention of phosphorus, and results from the literature can help targeting specific catchment conditions with suitable technologies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the currently used edge-of-field technologies for phosphorus retention in tile-drained catchments, with great focus on performance, application and limitations.

MODELING THE IMPACT OF FERRIHYDRITE ON ADSORPTION-DESORPTION OF SOIL PHOSPHORUS

Soil Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 169 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Wilson ◽  
F. E. Rhoton ◽  
H. M. Selim
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Impact of Liver Disease on Growth and Nutrition

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. S55-S59 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Heubi ◽  
Melvin B. Heyman ◽  
Robert J. Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Growth And Nutrition ◽  
The Impact

Impact of Fertilization and Soil Phosphorus Status on Phosphorus Leaching from Soil in Vegetable Greenhouse

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 2968-2973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Jie Zhao ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Yi Shi ◽  
Cai Yan Lu ◽  
Bin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphorus Leaching ◽  
Greenhouse Condition ◽  
Greenhouse Soil ◽  
Leaching Loss ◽  
Phosphorus Status ◽  
The Impact

The vegetable utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer in greenhouse condition was low in the season of fertilizer application, resulting in phosphorus accumulation in the top soil year after year. The risk of phosphorus loss through leaching increased under the circumstance of inappropriate watering management and fertilization. In this study, leaching experiments using columns packed with a greenhouse soil with different soil phosphorus status (low, medium and high levels) were carried out under greenhouse condition to investigate the impact of fertilizer application on phosphorus leaching from greenhouse soil. The fertilization treatments included no fertilizer [CK], organic manure and chemical fertilizer [M+NPK], organic manure [M], chemical fertilizer [NPK]. The vertical migration and leaching loss of soil phosphorus were measured. Results were as follows: (1) total phosphorus (TP) content increased with the extension of leaching time. In the low-level- and medium-level-phosphorus greenhouse soils, TP concentration in the effluent increased with the application of manure; (2) In the high-level-phosphorus greenhouse soil, phosphorus in the effluent from the treatment with the use of fertilizer was the highest TP, with accumulative leaching amount of 2.85 mg in 51 days. The leaching of phosphorus became small after 36 days of leaching experiment. Our study showed that application of manure and chemical fertilizer at proper rates according to soil phosphorus status is beneficial to reduce the leaching loss of phosphorus to the environment.

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