Seed-specific overexpression of Arabidopsis DGAT1 in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) increases seed oil content and seed weight

Botany ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddanna Savadi ◽  
Vasupalli Naresh ◽  
Vajinder Kumar ◽  
Shripad Ramachandra Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Seed Oil Content

Oil content is an important yield trait in Brassica juncea (L.) Coss. Improvements to yield levels of mustard by conventional breeding methods have reached a plateau. The application of transgenic technology is an area that has not yet been explored for improving the oil content of B. juncea. In this study, the effect of overexpression of AtDGAT1 (a key gene involved in oil biosynthesis) on the seed oil content of B. juncea was investigated. For seed-specific overexpression, the gene was linked to Arabidopsis thaliana oleosin promoter and mobilized into mustard through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transformants were selected on MS medium containing 50 mg/L kanamycin, and a transformation frequency of 10.5% was obtained. A total of 10 transgenic events were generated. Analyses of seed weight, oil content, and other yield traits in T1 transgenics showed that seed-specific overexpression of AtDGAT1 significantly improved the oil content and seed weight. The maximum oil content increase observed in the transgenic seeds was 8.3% compared with the wild-type plants. Total fatty acid content was increased from 4% to 14% in six of the seven events. However, the content of oleic and linoleic acid was reduced and, of these two, oleic acid content showed drastic reduction.

Influence of Chlormequat on the Growth and Yield of Irrigated and Rainfed Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) in the Field

1987 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Saini ◽  
R. S. Jolly ◽  
O. S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Seed Oil Content

SUMMARYThe effect of the field application of chlormequat on the growth, yield and seed oil content of Brassica juncea grown under irrigated and rainfed conditions was evaluated for three consecutive crop seasons. Foliar application at the flower initiation stage increased the number of primary branches, number and length of siliquae, weight of seeds and seed oil content. Chlormequat (50 AS) applied at 80 ml ha−1 increased seed yield by more than 50%. The increase was greater in unirrigated crops.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF LATVIAN FLAX VARIETIES BY SEED YIELD AND QUALITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Veneranda Stramkale ◽  
Aldis Stramkalis ◽  
Ļubova Komlajeva ◽  
Māra Selecka ◽  
Māra Vikmane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Pressing Method ◽  
Fibre Flax ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Weight Content

Flax cultures give dual-purpose production – flax fibre and seeds. Flax varieties adapted to local climate conditions have breeded but up to now the profound research of its quality was not carried out. In our investigation we analysed flax varieties of Latvia selection for seed yield and quality in comparison with standard varieties ‘Vega 2’ and ‘Lirina’. In Latgale Agricultural Scientific Centre 10 Latvian flax varieties are cultivated and seed yield, 1000-seed weight, seed oil content (extracted by hot pressing method) and fatty acid content in flax seed oil (detected with gas chromatography method) have evaluated. Seed yields of fibre flax Latvian varieties are significantly higher in comparison with standard variety ‘Vega’. All analysed seed samples have high oil content (27- 47%) and there is high percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in oil (linoleic acid 10,6-16,9%, linolenic acid 54,7-62,1%). There is little difference in 1000-seed weight, content of oil in seeds, percentage of linoleic, linolenic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acid in oil between fibre flax and oil seed flax varieties. The difference between the varieties is more influential. Flaxes seeds from Latvian varieties are in high quality and can be used for food, medical and technical purposes.

scholarly journals Analyses of the oil content, fatty acid composition, and antioxidant activity in seeds of Thlaspi arvense L. from different provenances and correlations with environmental factors

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingguo Liu ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Yuhong Zhang ◽  
Baojiang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Seed Oil Content

Abstract Background Pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) is an annual herbaceous plant of the Cruciferae family that has attracted attention as an oil crop and interseeded cover crop. We collected seeds of pennycress from five provenances in Northeast China, compared their characteristics, i.e. oil content, fatty acid composition, physical, chemical and antioxidant properties, their correlations with environmental factors were also analysed. Results There were significant differences in the seed characteristics, oil content, quality indicators and composition among different provenances (P < 0.05). The 1000-seed weight ranged from 0.80 to 1.03 g; seed oil content from 28.89 to 42.57%; iodine from 79.19 to 99.09; saponification value from 186.51 to 199.60; peroxide value from 0.07 to 10.60; and acid value from 0.97 to 13.02. The range of seed oil colours were 66.53–78.78 (L*), 4.51–10.29 (a*), and 105.68–121.35 (b*). Erucic acid (C22:1) was the fatty acids with the highest content in pennycress seed oils (31.12–35.31%), followed by linoleic acid (C18:2 16.92–18.95%) and α-linolenic acid (C18:3 14.05–15.34%). The fatty acid 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3) was detected for the first time in seed oils from Beian city, Panshi city and Kedong county, with contents of 1.13%, 0.84% and 1.03%, respectively. We compare and report for the first time on the radical-scavenging activity of the seed oils of pennycress. The EC50 values of the DPPH radical-scavenging activity and ABTS+ radical-scavenging activity of the seed oils from different provenances were 8.65–19.21 mg/mL and 6.82–10.61 mg/mL, respectively. The ferric ion reduction antioxidant capacity (FRAP) ranged from 0.11 to 0.30 mmol Fe2+/g, which is equivalent to 4 mg/mL FeSO4 of pennycress seed oils. Conclusions There was a significant correlation between seed characteristics and changes in geographical factors. With increasing longitude, the thickness of seeds, 1000-seed weight, and seed oil content increased, while the acid and peroxide values of the seed oil decreased. As the latitude increased, the 1000-seed weight and seed oil content increased, while the seed oil peroxide value decreased. Furthermore, mean annual temperature and annual rainfall are the two key environmental factors affecting the quality of pennycress. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Cultivar and Seasonal Effects on Seed Oil Content and Fatty acid Composition of Cucumber As a Potential Industrial Crop

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce W. Ngure ◽  
Chunyan Cheng ◽  
Shuqiong Yang ◽  
Qunfeng Lou ◽  
Ji Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Wide Range

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seed oil has the potential for use as an edible oil and as a pharmaceutical, cosmetic, insecticidal, and industrial product. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, the effect of cultivar and season on seed number, oil content, and fatty acid profiles as well as their proportions in different cucumber cultivars. We examined the effects of spring and autumn seasons on seed oil content and fatty acid composition in 46 cucumber cultivars and one wild species of cucumber (C. anguria) grown in greenhouse experiments in 2013 and 2014. Seed oil was determined using the Soxhlet method and fatty acids using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Seed oil content in the cucumber seeds ranged from 41.07% in ‘Hazerd’ to 29.24% in ‘Lubao’ while C. anguria had 23.3%. Fatty acids detected were linoleic (C18:2), palmitic (C16:0), oleic (C18:1), stearic (C18:0), linolenic (C18:3), behenic (C22:0), arachidic C20:0), lignoceric (C24:0), eicosenoic (C20:1), palmitoleic (C16:1), and myristic (C14:0), among other unidentified fatty acids. The results showed significant effects of cultivar genotype, growing season, and interactions on the variables examined. The content of seed oil and fatty acids differed significantly among the cultivar genotypes. Spring-grown cucumbers had higher quantities of oil than the autumn-grown cucumbers. The content of fatty acids (mainly palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, eicosenoic, and lignoceric) also was higher in spring. In autumn there were more seeds, and higher linoleic, linolenic, and other unspecified fatty acids. The higher the oleic acid content the lower was the linoleic acid indicating a strong negative relationship in these two fatty acids. The higher the seed oil content the higher was linoleic and oleic indicating a positive relationship between the seed oil and the two fatty acids. Results of this study provide important information applicable in improving management and production of cucumber seed oil especially considering its versatility in uses. Furthermore, the wide range of fatty acids found in the studied cucumber cultivars could be used in the production of novel industrial oils through genetic engineering.

Influence of Some Mutant Genes on Certain Agronomically Important Traits in Sunflower

Helia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (64) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Vedmedeva ◽  
A. I. Soroka
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Mutant Genes

AbstractDuring two growing seasons there were studied 11 sunflower breeding lines and their 30 analogues obtained via backcrossing, chemical mutagenesis and selected as natural mutants. The variability of such agronomic traits as crop yield, seed oil content, 1,000 seed weight, plant height, leaf and petiole size, number of leaves and branches, and head diameter was investigated. The traits of crop yield, leaf size, number of branches were the most variable, whereas the most stable were 1,000 seed weight, seed oil content, plant height, and the number of leaves. The influence of mutant genes which control ray flower color and shape, leaf color and shape, dwarfness, number of leaves and ray flowers, and shape of bracts on the manifestation of important agronomic traits was estimated. No negative impact of the genes of ray flower color and shape and leaf color was noticed. The gene of fringed leaf margin reduced plant height while the gene of erect petiole increased development of that trait. The genes of dwarfness can negatively influence seed oil content and 1,000 seed weight.

Effect of sowing date on yield and yield components of three oilseed rape varieties

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Fathi ◽  
S. A. Siadat ◽  
S. S. Hemaiaty
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Sowing Dates

In order to elucidate the effect of sowing date on the yield and yield components of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), three varieties - Tower, Rafal and Global - were sown from 7 November to 22 December 2000-01 on four dates at an interval of 15 days in the Dezful region of Iran. A split-plot design based on randomized complete blocks with four replications was used in the experiment, where the sowing dates and cultivars formed the main and subplots, respectively. Variables including plant height, axillary branches/plant, pods/plant, seeds/pod, single seed weight, biomass, seed oil content and seed yield were measured. The soil of the experimental site had a loamy clay texture. The site had 250 mm annual precipitation and was located in the semi-arid zone. The results showed that the sowing date had a highly significant effect on morphological characteristics, yield components, oilseed rape yield and seed oil content. A delay in the sowing date caused a reduction in all the yield components especially in pods/plant, and in oilseed yield, which dropped from 285 g m-2 when sown on 7 November to 135 g m-2 when sowing was delayed to 22 December. Variations in sowing dates had different effects on the individual yield components, with pods/plant, seeds/pod and single seed weight decreasing to the greatest extent. The significant effect of variety on all characters with the exception of single seed weight indicated that there were genetic differences between the studied cultivars. Oilseed yield showed significantly positive correlations with pods/plant (r=0.93), single seed weight (r=0.83) and seeds/pod (r=0.66). The results of path analysis showed that pods/plant and seeds/pod had the highest positive and negative effects on oilseed yield, respectively. Finally, considering the susceptibility of pods/plant to variations in sowing date and the importance of this character in the size of the oilseed yield, a delay in the planting date in the Dezful region was found to reduce the oilseed yield through a reduction in pods/plant.

EFFECT OF TIME OF DESICCATION ON OIL CONTENT IN DIFFERENT SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS / EFECTO DEL TIEMPO DE DESECACION SOBRE EL CONTENIDO DE ACEITE EN DIVERSOS HIBRIDOS DEL GIRASOL / EFFET DU TEMPS DE DESSICCATION SUR LE CONTENU EN HUILE DANS DIFFÉRENTS HYBRIDES DE TOURNESOL

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (34) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Miklič ◽  
Nenad Dušanić ◽  
Jovan Crnobarac ◽  
Jovan Joksimović
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
H 26 ◽  
Large Increment ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

SUMMARY Chemical desiccation with Reglone Forte has been tried in production fields under four sunflower hybrids. Reglone Forte (2 l/ha) was applied at 7-day intervals from the end of pollination till maturity. Seed moisture was determined prior to each treatment. Seed oil content was determined at maturity, using the method of nuclear magnetic resonance. The highest oil content was found in the control, the lowest in the treatment 7 days after flower (DAF). The absence of significant differences among treatments 21 DAF, 28 DAF and the control was an indication that there was no large increment in oil content in the period after the average seed moisture reached 44.34% and maturity. Considering individual hybrids, there was no large oil content increase already from treatment 14 DAF, with the exception of hybrid NS-H-43 which evidently required a later treatment. Considering the time of treatment in relation to seed moisture, this hybrid achieved maximum oil content when treated at 31% seed moisture. In hybrid NS-H-26 RM, however, maximum oil content was achieved with treatment at 25% seed moisture.

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