scholarly journals Impact of hatch date on early life growth and survival of Mueller’s pearlside (Maurolicus muelleri) larvae and life-history consequences

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arild Folkvord ◽  
Geir Gundersen ◽  
Jon Albretsen ◽  
Lars Asplin ◽  
Stein Kaartvedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Otolith Increments ◽  
Otolith Increment ◽  
Batch Spawning ◽  
Net Export

Growth and survival of Maurolicus muelleri larvae in Herdlefjorden, Norway, were investigated by daily otolith increment analysis. While high egg densities were generally observed throughout the spawning season, three cohorts each with a narrow window of hatching dates were identified. The first of these cohorts was characterized by low growth and poor morphometric condition and disappeared from the fjord during autumn. High-resolution drift modeling indicated that Herdlefjorden had a net export of larvae and negligible import in the period cohort 1 disappeared. Yet, the advective loss rate of larvae was not considered high enough to explain the near complete disappearance of the first cohort. An otolith-based growth chronology indicated that growth conditions in Herdlefjorden improved noticeably around mid-September and remained favorable the following month. The analysis of daily otolith increments could thus be used to document within-season variability in larval growth and survival. The low and variable survival due to short-term fluctuations in environmental conditions indicate that multiple batch spawning is an adequately evolved life-history strategy for marine planktivorous fish such as M. muelleri.

Neonatal growth and survival of rodents in response to variation in maternal dietary nitrogen: life history strategy vs dietary niche

Oikos ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Parsons ◽  
Eric C. Hellgren ◽  
Eric E. Jorgensen ◽  
David M. Leslie, Jr
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Dietary Nitrogen ◽  
Dietary Niche ◽  
Neonatal Growth

scholarly journals Physiological individual-based modelling of larval Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) foraging and growth: insights on climate-driven life-history scheduling

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1170-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Hufnagl ◽  
Myron A. Peck
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Prey Concentration ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Spawning Time ◽  
June July

Abstract Hufnagl, M., and Peck, M. A. 2011. Physiological individual-based modelling of larval Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) foraging and growth: insights on climate-driven life-history scheduling. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1170–1188. A physiological individual-based model for the foraging and growth of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) larvae was constructed, validated using laboratory and field data, tested for parameter sensitivity, and used to examine climate-driven constraints on life-history scheduling. Model scenarios examined how natural (phenological and magnitude) changes in key environmental factors (temperature, prey, and photoperiod/daylength) affected the estimates of survival and growth of spring- and autumn-spawned larvae. The most suitable hatching seasons agreed well with the periods of larval abundance in Northeast Atlantic waters. Modelled survival is unlikely in June, July, and November. Mean annual temperature, prey concentration, and composition significantly influenced larval growth of both autumn and spring spawners. The model suggested that climate-driven changes in bottom-up factors will affect spring- and autumn-spawned larvae in different ways. It is unlikely that autumn-spawning herring will be able to avoid unfavourable conditions by delaying their spawning time or by utilizing more northern spawning grounds because of limitations in daylength to larval growth and survival. Conversely, earlier spawning in spring, or later, midsummer spawning will be tightly constrained by match–mismatch dynamics between larvae and zooplankton production.

The biogeography of human diversity in life history strategy.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelio José Figueredo ◽  
Steven C. Hertler ◽  
Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Human Diversity

Experimentally increased costs of parental care are shunted to offspring in species with extended care

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen F. Wagner ◽  
Emeline Mourocq ◽  
Michael Griesser
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Trade Offs

Biparental care systems are a valuable model to examine conflict, cooperation, and coordination between unrelated individuals, as the product of the interactions between the parents influences the fitness of both individuals. A common experimental technique for testing coordinated responses to changes in the costs of parental care is to temporarily handicap one parent, inducing a higher cost of providing care. However, dissimilarity in experimental designs of these studies has hindered interspecific comparisons of the patterns of cost distribution between parents and offspring. Here we apply a comparative experimental approach by handicapping a parent at nests of five bird species using the same experimental treatment. In some species, a decrease in care by a handicapped parent was compensated by its partner, while in others the increased costs of care were shunted to the offspring. Parental responses to an increased cost of care primarily depended on the total duration of care that offspring require. However, life history pace (i.e., adult survival and fecundity) did not influence parental decisions when faced with a higher cost of caring. Our study highlights that a greater attention to intergenerational trade-offs is warranted, particularly in species with a large burden of parental care. Moreover, we demonstrate that parental care decisions may be weighed more against physiological workload constraints than against future prospects of reproduction, supporting evidence that avian species may devote comparable amounts of energy into survival, regardless of life history strategy.

scholarly journals Genome size variation in deep-sea amphipods

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 170862 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ritchie ◽  
A. J. Jamieson ◽  
S. B. Piertney
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Genome Size Variation ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
Contrast Analysis ◽  
Independent Contrast

Genome size varies considerably across taxa, and extensive research effort has gone into understanding whether variation can be explained by differences in key ecological and life-history traits among species. The extreme environmental conditions that characterize the deep sea have been hypothesized to promote large genome sizes in eukaryotes. Here we test this supposition by examining genome sizes among 13 species of deep-sea amphipods from the Mariana, Kermadec and New Hebrides trenches. Genome sizes were estimated using flow cytometry and found to vary nine-fold, ranging from 4.06 pg (4.04 Gb) in Paralicella caperesca to 34.79 pg (34.02 Gb) in Alicella gigantea . Phylogenetic independent contrast analysis identified a relationship between genome size and maximum body size, though this was largely driven by those species that display size gigantism. There was a distinct shift in the genome size trait diversification rate in the supergiant amphipod A. gigantea relative to the rest of the group. The variation in genome size observed is striking and argues against genome size being driven by a common evolutionary history, ecological niche and life-history strategy in deep-sea amphipods.

scholarly journals The impact of sex ratio and economic status on local birth rates

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20130027 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chipman ◽  
E. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Female Competition ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Economically Deprived ◽  
Human Mating ◽  
The Impact

Human mating and reproductive behaviour can vary depending on various mechanisms, including the local sex ratio. Previous research shows that as sex ratios become female-biased, women from economically deprived areas are less likely to delay reproductive opportunities to wait for a high-investing mate but instead begin their reproductive careers sooner. Here, we show that the local sex ratio also has an impact on female fertility schedules. At young ages, a female-biased ratio is associated with higher birth rates in the poorest areas, whereas the opposite is true for the richest areas. At older ages, a female-biased ratio is associated with higher birth rates in the richest, but not the poorest areas. These patterns suggest that female–female competition encourages poorer women to adopt a fast life-history strategy and give birth early, and richer women to adopt a slow life-history strategy and delay reproduction.

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