Source water variability as a driver of rockfish recruitment in the California Current Ecosystem: implications for climate change and fisheries management

Elucidating connections between ocean climate variability and change and recruitment of juvenile fishes to adult populations is critical for understanding variability in stock–recruit dynamics. Recruitment to adult rockfish populations in the California Current Ecosystem (CCE) is highly variable, leading to short- and long-term changes in abundance, productivity, forage availability, and potential fisheries yield. We used regional ocean model output, oceanographic data, and a 34-year time series of pelagic juvenile rockfish to investigate the interaction between changes in CCE source waters, as reflected by physical water mass properties, and recruitment variability. Specifically, variability of “spiciness” on upper water isopycnals explains a substantial fraction of the variation in pelagic juvenile rockfish abundance. High rockfish abundances correspond to cooler, fresher waters with higher dissolved oxygen (i.e., “minty”) conditions, indicative of Pacific subarctic water. By contrast, years of low rockfish abundance are associated with warmer, more saline, and more oxygen-deficient (i.e., “spicy”) conditions, reflecting waters of subtropical or equatorial origin. Transport and source waters in the CCE are key factors determining density-independent processes and subsequent recruitment to adult populations.

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Oncology Care Model: Short- and Long-Term Considerations in the Context of Broader Payment Reform

Journal of Oncology Practice ◽

10.1200/jop.2015.005777 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 319-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Jeffrey D. Clough ◽

Arif H. Kamal

Keyword(s):

Key Factors ◽

Care Model ◽

Payment Reform ◽

Oncology Care ◽

Short And Long Term

The authors discuss key factors to consider that may influence decisions to participate in the Oncology Care Model, by presenting comparable payment reform efforts outside of oncology.

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Effects of initial N reserve status and residual leaf area after cutting on leaf area and organ establishment during regrowth of alfalfa

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p03-118 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 84 (4) ◽

pp. 1059-1066 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J. C. Simon ◽

M. L. Decau ◽

J. C. Avice ◽

A. Jacquet ◽

F. Meuriot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicago Sativa ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Plant Morphology ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Key Factors ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Medicago Sativa L ◽

The One

Nitrogen reserves in remaining organs and residual leaf area after cutting have long been recognized as key factors during alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) regrowth. The present work examined which morphological components were influenced by contrasting initial N status and residual leaf area during 29 d of regrowth after cutting at 15 cm height. Two levels of initial N reserves (high and low) and of residual leaf areas (not or completely defoliated) were combined in four treatments. Both factors affected shoot dry matter (DM) production at the end of regrowth. The increase in DM of new organs observed with high N reserves resulted from a combination of short- and long-term effects on plant morphology; i.e., (1) an increase in the rate of axis appearance from the crown in the early regrowth stage (day 0–9) and (2) an increase in individual leaf area (ILA) all along the regrowth. Compared with completely defoliated plants, plants with a residual leaf area at cutting exhibited an increased rate of axillary stems appearance all along the regrowth. Then the architecture of plants with a residual leaf area was more branched than the one of defoliated plants. This increase in branching was always associated with smaller ILA. Hence, differences in plant leaf area were only significant in the early growth stage. This suggested that differences observed in new stems DM at the end of the regrowth were established by day 9 and remained unchanged in late regrowth. Our results clearly showed that initial N reserve status and residual leaf area both significantly modify the dynamic of leaf area establishment and new organ growth of alfalfa. Key words: Medicago sativa L., defoliation, morphology, N storage, stems regrowth

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Climatic and Oceanographic Controls on Coral Bleaching Conditions in the Maldivian Region

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2020.539869 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Chiara De Falco ◽

Annalisa Bracco ◽

Claudia Pasquero

Keyword(s):

Coral Bleaching ◽

Relative Magnitude ◽

Ocean Model ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽

Local Cooling ◽

Recent Warming ◽

Regional Ocean Model ◽

Long Term Trend

The frequency of coral bleaching events has been increasing in recent decades due to the temperature rise registered in most regions near the ocean. Their occurrence in the Maldivian Archipelago has been observed in the months following the peak of strong El Niño events. Bleaching has not been uniform, and some reefs have been only marginally impacted. Here, we use satellite observations and a regional ocean model to explore the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures (SSTs), and quantify the relative magnitude of ENSO-related episodes with respect to the recent warming. In line with other studies, it is confirmed that the long-term trend in SST significantly increases the frequency of stress conditions for the Maldivian corals. It is also found that the interaction between currents and the steep bathymetry is responsible for a local cooling of about 0.2°C in the Archipelago during the warmest season, with respect to the surrounding waters. This cooling largely reduces the frequency of mortality conditions.

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Toe and Flow

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association ◽

10.7547/1000342 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 100 (5) ◽

pp. 342-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Lee C. Rogers ◽

George Andros ◽

Joseph Caporusso ◽

Lawrence B. Harkless ◽

Joseph L. Mills ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vascular Surgery ◽

Flow Model ◽

Models Of Care ◽

Effective Management ◽

Key Factors ◽

Skill Sets ◽

Foot Complications ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Interdisciplinary Effort

At the end of an anatomical peninsula, the foot in diabetes is prone to short- and long-term complications involving neuropathy, vasculopathy, and infection. Effective management requires an interdisciplinary effort focusing on this triad. Herein, we describe the key factors leading to foot complications and the critical skill sets required to assemble a team to care for them. Although specific attention is given to a conjoined model involving podiatric medicine and vascular surgery, the so-called toe and flow model, we further outline three separate programmatic models of care—basic, intermediate, and center of excellence—that can be implemented in the developed and developing world. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 100(5): 342–348, 2010)

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A REGIONAL STUDY OF THE BRAZILIAN SHELF/SLOPE CIRCULATION (13◦-31◦S) USING CLIMATOLOGICAL OPEN BOUNDARIES

Brazilian Journal of Geophysics ◽

10.22564/rbgf.v31i2.295 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 289 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Janini Pereira ◽

Mauro Cirano ◽

Martinho Marta Almeida ◽

Fabiola Negreiros Amorim

Keyword(s):

Ocean Model ◽

Model System ◽

Western Boundary ◽

Data Set ◽

Western Boundary Currents ◽

Ocean Climate ◽

Boundary Currents ◽

Regional Ocean Model System ◽

Shelf Slope ◽

Regional Ocean Model

ABSTRACT. The oceanic features in the eastern and southeastern Brazilian shelf/slope between 13◦-31◦S are investigated using ROMS (Regional Ocean Model System). The model was integrated for 9 years and it was forced with: i) 6-hourly synoptic atmospheric data from NCEP; ii) initial and boundary conditions from OCCAM (Ocean Climate Circulation Advanced Modelling) monthly mean climatology and iii) tidal forcing from TPXO 7.1 global data set. The model results were compared with observations, which consisted in thermodynamic MDL (Mixed Layer Depth) climatology, satellite data, measurements from tide gauges along the shelf and currents measurements values from literature. The simulated currents represented the BC (Brazil Current)-IWBC (Intermediate Western Boundary Current) System. The BC-IWBC system at 22◦S cross-shelf section represents our simulation capability of reproducing the western boundary currents, it showed poleward BC and a opposing IWBC. At this section, the BC velocity core is in 50 m with 0.41 m.s− 1 and the IWBC core around 800 m with 0.15 m.s− 1. Keywords: Western South Atlantic, ROMS, Western Boundary Currents. RESUMO. A circulação oceânica na região da plataforma/talude do Brasil de 13◦-31◦S é investigada utilizando o modelo ROMS (Regional Ocean Model System). O modelo foi integrado por 9 anos e forçado com: i) dados atmosféricos sinótico a cada 6 horas do NCEP; ii) condições iniciais e laterais provenientes da climatologia mensal do modelo global OCCAM (Ocean Climate Circulation Advanced Modelling) e iii) forçamento de maré do modelo global TPXO 7.1. Os resultados do modelo foram comparados com observações, estas consistem em dados da profundidade da camada de mistura climatológica, dados de satélite, medições de marégrafos ao longo da plataforma e valores de medições de correntes disponíveis na literatura. As correntes simuladas representaram o sistema da CB (Corrente do Brasil)-CCI (Corrente de Contorno Intermediária). O sistema CB-CCI na seção normal a costa em 22◦S representou a capacidade de simulação das correntes de contorno oeste, mostrando a inversão de direção das duas correntes. Nesta seção, o núcleo de velocidade da CB em 50 m apresentou valores de 0,41 m.s− 1 e o núcleo da CCI em 800 m apresentou velocidade de 0,15 m.s− 1. Palavras-chave: Sudoeste do Atlântico, ROMS, Correntes de Contorno Oeste.

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COVID-19 Lockdown: Key Factors in Citizens’ Stress

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.666891 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Susana Rodríguez ◽

Antonio Valle ◽

Isabel Piñeiro ◽

Rocío González-Suárez ◽

Fátima M. Díaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Well Being ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Key Factors ◽

Work Situation ◽

Suburban Areas ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Long Term Impact

Background: Confinement due to COVID-19 can have a short‐ and long-term impact on mental health (increased levels of stress and anxiety and emotional upheaval) and on people’s quality of life. Knowing what factors are behind the stress can benefit the development of strategies and resources for future situations of a similar nature. The purpose of this study is to examine the incidence of a series of sociodemographic factors, confinement conditions, and work situation on the stress reported by confined citizens.Method: The sample is made up of 2008 citizens (19.9% men), the Perceived Stress Scale of 14 items (PSS-14) was used to assess the stress level of the population, as well as a sociodemographic questionnaire and different questions aimed at obtain information about the characteristics of the confinement and the employment situation. Data were collected using exponential snowball-type non-probability sampling.Results: The results suggest that sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, and income level could be good predictors of confinement stress. Post-confinement work expectancy along with pre-confinement working conditions can be key to protecting the well-being of confined populations.Limitations: This is a transversal study that forces us to be cautious with causal interpretations. The questionnaire was administered online, which means it excluded a good proportion of the population.Conclusion: The perception of stress being higher in women than men, with the lowest stress in older people and those with higher reported incomes. Stress levels increase as populations spend more weeks in confinement and the pre-confinement work situation seems key to protecting the well-being of the population. A lower stress is observed among stable couples without children confined in residential or suburban areas. Low income or economic instability is associated with a higher rate of stress and anxiety. The results can contribute to prioritizing actions and aid by contributing to the formation of teams and the design of tools for work in the current pandemic situation.

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Experience with Short and Long Term Courses of Local Adrenal Steroid Therapy For Ulcerative Colitis

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(62)80117-6 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 669-677 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jean A. Spencer ◽

Joseph B. Kirsner

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Steroid Therapy ◽

Adrenal Steroid ◽

Short And Long Term

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Short- and Long-Term Results of Total vs Subtotal Thyroid- ectomies in the Surgical Treatment of Graves' Disease

Swiss Surgery ◽

10.1024/1023-9332.7.1.20 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 20-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Robert ◽

Mariéthoz ◽

Pache ◽

Bertin ◽

Caulfield ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Nerve Palsy ◽

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ◽

Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Graves Disease ◽

Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ◽

Short And Long Term

Objective: Approximately one out of five patients with Graves' disease (GD) undergoes a thyroidectomy after a mean period of 18 months of medical treatment. This retrospective and non-randomized study from a teaching hospital compares short- and long-term results of total (TT) and subtotal thyroidectomies (ST) for this disease. Methods: From 1987 to 1997, 94 patients were operated for GD. Thirty-three patients underwent a TT (mostly since 1993) and 61 a ST (keeping 4 to 8 grams of thyroid tissue - mean 6 g). All patients had received propylthiouracil and/or neo-mercazole and were in a euthyroid state at the time of surgery; they also took potassium iodide (lugol) for ten days before surgery. Results: There were no deaths. Transient hypocalcemia (< 3 months) occurred in 32 patients (15 TT and 17 ST) and persistent hypocalcemia in 8 having had TT. Two patients developed transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after ST (< 3 months). After a median follow-up period of seven years (1-15) with five patients lost to follow-up, 41 patients having had a ST are in a hypothyroid state (73%), thirteen are euthyroid (23%), and two suffered recurrent hyperthyroidism, requiring completion of thyroidectomy. All 33 patients having had TT - with follow-ups averaging two years (0.5-8) - are receiving thyroxin substitution. Conclusions: There were no instances of persistent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in either group, but persistent hypoparathyroidism occurred more frequently after TT. Long after ST, hypothyroidism developed in nearly three of four cases, whereas euthyroidy was maintained in only one-fourth; recurrent hyperthyroidy was rare.

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