THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RATE OF NATURAL PENETRATION OF ELECTROLYTES INTO WOOD

1934 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Maass
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Lateral Direction ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Different Shapes

The rates of diffusion of sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid into chips of black spruce heartwood impregnated with water were measured for different shapes of chip at 20, 50, and 75 °C. In the longitudinal direction of the wood, hydrochloric acid diffuses the most rapidly and sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride at nearly the same rates. In the lateral direction sodium hydroxide diffuses the most rapidly, owing to its action on the wood. Concentration of electrolyte is practically without influence on the time to half-value for sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. The density of the wood does not affect the rate of diffusion of sodium hydroxide.The rate of diffusion of water into air dry chips was measured at 20 and 50 °C.

THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE SORPTION OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE ON WOOD

1939 ◽  
Vol 17b (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
G. R. Lusby ◽  
O. Maass
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Sorption Curve

The sorption of sodium hydroxide on black spruce has been measured at 20°, 50°, and 75 °C., and was found not to change very much between 20° and 75°. An increase in temperature causes the break in the sorption curve to occur at a higher concentration of alkali. Cooking action begins between 50° and 75°, and tends to obscure the effect of an increase in temperature above 50°.

Ternary mutual diffusion of isoniazid in aqueous sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid at T=298.15K

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 886-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C.F. Ribeiro ◽  
Ana C.G. Santos ◽  
Victor M.M. Lobo ◽  
Abilio J.F.N. Sobral ◽  
Ana M.T.D.P.V. Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Mutual Diffusion ◽  
Aqueous Sodium

Waste Water from the Production of Titanium Products as a Raw Material for the Ti(OH)4, NaOH and HCl Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
N.A. Bykovsky ◽  
E.A. Kantor ◽  
M.A. Malkova ◽  
L.N. Puchkova ◽  
N.N. Fanakova
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Titanium Hydroxide ◽  
Pickling Solution ◽  
Hydroxide Precipitate ◽  
Neutralization Process

The study of the spent acidic pickling solution (SAPS) processing is presented. The solution is formed in the process of etching titanium products with hydrochloric acid. The processing includes the stages of neutralizing the SAPS with alkali, filtration and drying of the titanium hydroxide precipitate, electrochemical processing of the filtrate containing sodium chloride in an electrolyzer with ion-exchange membranes. The electrolysis process produces sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. The proposed scheme for processing the SAPS makes it possible to obtain titanium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. Titanium hydroxide can be used in various industries. Alkali can be used in the SAPS neutralization process. Hydrochloric acid after the adjustment is suitable for use in the etching of titanium products.

scholarly journals Candesartan: A pharmaceutical product as effective corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in acidic solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-212
Author(s):  
Abdel Fouda ◽  
Asmaa Idress ◽  
Mohamed Atia ◽  
Mohamed Yassen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Rate Of Dissolution ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

The corrosion performance of aluminum in 1 M hydrochloric acid solution in the existence and absence of Candesartan drug was examined utilizing, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and AC impedance (EIS) tests. It was found that the inhibition efficacy (%IE) of Candesartan drug was influenced by its doses and temperature and reached to 92.9% at 40x10-6 M, 30oC. The adsorption isotherm agreed with Langmuir model. From Tafel data the investigated Candesartan drug acts as mixed kind inhibitor. The influence of temperature on the rate of dissolution and the thermodynamic parameters in the existence and absence of Candesartan drug were also, studied and explained. All tests gave similar results.

Chemical Detoxification of AflatoxinB1 in Rice by Several Solutions through Fluorescence Spectral Experiment

2007 ◽  
Vol 364-366 ◽  
pp. 1032-1036
Author(s):  
Wen Li Chen ◽  
Quan Zhou ◽  
Da Xing
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Emission Spectrum ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Acid Addition

AflatoxinB1 was extracted from rice contaminated artificially with Aspergillus flavus by using methanol-water (50:50 v/v). As for experiment group, sodium chloride was added into the extracted solution of AfB1, the excitation wavelength of 365 nm under the fluorescence mode, and the emission spectrum peak at 440nm were observed. To study the detoxification of AflatoxinB1 in several alkaline solutions, the solution of alkaline with difference concentration was added into the solution of AfB1 respectively. The results showed that all of three alkaline solutions could decrease the 440nm emission spectrum peak of solution of AfB1 in varying degrees, the effect to decrease emission spectrum peak of AfB1 was very obvious in sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) took second place, whereas in ammonia (NH3·H2O), the effect was the weakest among three alkaline solutions. Moreover, the effects were different in the same alkaline solutions with different concentration, as hydrochloric acid (HCl) in low concentration was added to this complex AfB1 alkaline solutions, detoxification efficacy of AfB1 were found to be obviously increased. It was concluded that the detoxification of AflatoxinB1 may be affected by alkaline solutions according to their concentration and be degraded greatly by acid addition.

Electrochemical Recycling of Still Waste Liquid in Ammonia Soda Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 743 ◽  
pp. 342-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Alekseevich Bykovsky ◽  
Pavel Azizurovich Rahman ◽  
Lyudmila Nikolaevna Puchkova ◽  
Nadezhda Nikolaevna Fanakova
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Insoluble Form ◽  
Membrane Cell ◽  
Soda Ash

This scientific paper deals with the waste recycling process of soda ash production which comprised processing the still waste liquid with obtaining calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. Still waste liquid was treated with sodium hydroxide to transform calcium as fully as possible into insoluble form of calcium hydroxide. After detachment of precipitate, the filtrate consisting mainly of sodium chloride was treated by a three-compartment membrane cell. Authors have examined the main regularities of still waste liquid recycling on the basis of the specified method. It has been shown that the process can be organized without the use of chemicals.

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