Ternary mutual diffusion of isoniazid in aqueous sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid at T=298.15K

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 886-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C.F. Ribeiro ◽  
Ana C.G. Santos ◽  
Victor M.M. Lobo ◽  
Abilio J.F.N. Sobral ◽  
Ana M.T.D.P.V. Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Mutual Diffusion ◽  
Aqueous Sodium

DETERMINATION OF TRACE AMOUNTS OF SILVER IN GALENA ORES

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1488-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Bounsall ◽  
W. A. E. McBryde
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Silver Content ◽  
Aqueous Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Aqueous Sodium

An analytical method is described for the determination of microgram amounts of silver in galena ores, based on the "reversion" of silver dithizonate. Silver is separated from relatively large amounts of lead by extraction as dithizonate into chloroform from an aqueous 1:99 nitric acid solution. Separation from mercury, which is also extracted under these conditions and would, if present, interfere in the analysis, is achieved by reverting the dithizonate solution with a 5% aqueous sodium chloride solution which is also 0.015 molar in hydrochloric acid. Following dilution of this aqueous solution and adjustment of pH, silver is again extracted into chloroform as the dithizonate, and determined absorptiometrically. Analyses of a number of galena ore samples showed a precision of within 3% for a silver content ranging from 0.03 to 0.4%.Some other methods for isolating silver from these samples, which were tried but found unsatisfactory, are discussed.

Sodium Hypochlorite: its Application and Stability in Bleaching

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilak V. Bommaraju
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Aqueous Sodium ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
End Uses

Abstract One of the end uses of chlorine and sodium hydroxide, both produced by the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride, is in the manufacture of sodium hypochlorite, commonly called liquid “bleach.” This article outlines the methods of manufacturing liquid bleach, including the factors involved in the selection of materials of construction for handling chlorine, sodium hydroxide and sodium hypochlorite. Experimental results were presented addressing the stability of sodium hypochlorite as influenced by temperature and pH, and by anionic impurities such as Cl−, ClO3−, CO3− and SO4−, and cationic impurities which include Ca++, Mg++, Cu++, Ni++ and Fe++. Various techniques were also outlined to minimize the formation of chlorates during storage and bleaching and to improve the quality and stability of sodium hypochlorite.

Chemical Reactivity of 2-Thiohydantoin Derivatives

1977 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 948-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. A. Shalaby ◽  
H. A. Daboun ◽  
M. A. Abdel Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Chloroacetic Acid ◽  
Mannich Bases ◽  
Alkyl Halides ◽  
Aqueous Sodium

Treatment of 5-arylazo-2-thiohydantoins (2 a-c) with formaldehyde and the appropriate amine in ethyl alcohol led to the formation of the corresponding Mannich bases 3a-i. 2 a-c reacted with methyl bromoacetate and/or chloroacetic acid to give the esters 5 a-c and/or the free acids 5d-f, respectively. 5e also obtained by treating 5 b with aqueous sodium hydroxide (2%). 5 a-c were cyclised with acetic anhydride to give the bicyclic products 6 a-c. 5-Arylidene-2-thiohydantoins (7 a-e) reacted with acrylonitrile in pyridine to give 5-arylidene-3-β-cyano-ethyl-2-thiohydantoins (8a-e). 8 a-c were hydrolysed with a mixture of acetic-hydrochloric acid to give the corresponding acids 8f-h. Compounds 8a, b, d were alkylated with alkyl halides to give 10 a-e which when hydrolysed with acids gave compounds 13 a-c.

Double-stranded helix of xanthan: Rigidity in 0.01M aqueous sodium chloride containing 0.01 N hydrochloric acid

Biopolymers ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Takashi Norisuye ◽  
Hiroshi Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Aqueous Sodium

Waste Water from the Production of Titanium Products as a Raw Material for the Ti(OH)4, NaOH and HCl Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
N.A. Bykovsky ◽  
E.A. Kantor ◽  
M.A. Malkova ◽  
L.N. Puchkova ◽  
N.N. Fanakova
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Titanium Hydroxide ◽  
Pickling Solution ◽  
Hydroxide Precipitate ◽  
Neutralization Process

The study of the spent acidic pickling solution (SAPS) processing is presented. The solution is formed in the process of etching titanium products with hydrochloric acid. The processing includes the stages of neutralizing the SAPS with alkali, filtration and drying of the titanium hydroxide precipitate, electrochemical processing of the filtrate containing sodium chloride in an electrolyzer with ion-exchange membranes. The electrolysis process produces sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. The proposed scheme for processing the SAPS makes it possible to obtain titanium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. Titanium hydroxide can be used in various industries. Alkali can be used in the SAPS neutralization process. Hydrochloric acid after the adjustment is suitable for use in the etching of titanium products.

THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RATE OF NATURAL PENETRATION OF ELECTROLYTES INTO WOOD

1934 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Maass
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Lateral Direction ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Different Shapes

The rates of diffusion of sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid into chips of black spruce heartwood impregnated with water were measured for different shapes of chip at 20, 50, and 75 °C. In the longitudinal direction of the wood, hydrochloric acid diffuses the most rapidly and sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride at nearly the same rates. In the lateral direction sodium hydroxide diffuses the most rapidly, owing to its action on the wood. Concentration of electrolyte is practically without influence on the time to half-value for sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. The density of the wood does not affect the rate of diffusion of sodium hydroxide.The rate of diffusion of water into air dry chips was measured at 20 and 50 °C.

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