REACTION OF BARLEY VARIETIES TO INFECTION WITH COVERED SMUT (USTILAGO HORDEI PERS. K & S)

1935 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. S. Aamodt ◽  
W. H. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
New Era ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Dehulled Seed ◽  
Ustilago Hordei ◽  
The University ◽  
Fair Degree

Results are presented of tests conducted at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, during the years 1931–34, to determine the relative resistance of barley varieties to the covered smut disease caused by Ustilago hordei.Extensive field trials, including 138 varieties, carried out in 1931, with hulled seed gave inconclusive results owing to low infection percentages. Junior and Eureka, two naturally hulless varieties, evidenced high susceptibility with 66 and 42% infection respectively. Field tests of a number of standard varieties in 1932 in which the seed was dehulled with sulphuric acid, resulted in an increase in the percentage of smutted plants. Unfortunately, the acid treatment of the kernels caused a general impairment in germination which lessened somewhat the significance of the results obtained. In 1934, the comparative infections and stands of varieties grown from hulled, hand-dehulled, scarified and acid-dehulled seed were determined. The data were treated statistically by the analysis of variance method. Significant variations due to varieties, treatments and interaction of varieties and treatments were obtained with regard to both percentage infection and percentage stand. All three of the dehulling measures increased smut infection significantly. Highest infection percentages resulted from hand-dehulled seed, followed by acid-dehulled and scarified seed in the order mentioned.The least reduction in stand resulted from hulled seed and the greatest from acid-dehulled seed. Scarified and hand-dehulled seed gave stands intermediate in numbers. Distinct varietal differences existed in thickness of hull or in the resistance of the hull to acid treatment. The average percentage stands of the different varieties tended to be directly proportional, and the average percentage smut infection inversely proportional to the amount of hull remaining on the kernels following acid treatment. Varieties grown from acid-dehulled and scarified seed were found to be delayed in heading [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] days respectively as compared with varieties grown from hulled or hand-dehulled seed, There was a tendency for the later varieties to be more susceptible to covered smut than the earlier ones.The varieties used in these investigations differed greatly in their reaction to covered smut. A fair degree of correlation was found to exist between the varietal infection percentages induced in 1932 by acid-dehulled seed and those induced by either hand-dehulled or acid-dehulled seed in 1934.Two distinct physiologic forms of U. hordei were found in collections gathered from six points in central Alberta. These are readily distinguished by their reaction on the varieties Eureka and Canadian Thorpe or Hannchen.From the experimental data it was concluded that the following varieties showed resistance to covered smut:Six-rowed, hulled types—O.A.C. No. 21, Atlas, Sacramento Glabron, Velvet, Leiorrhynchum, Wisconsin Barbless No. 38, Shaw, Sol and Success.Two-rowed, hulled types—Spartan, Golden Pheasant and Horn.Hulless types—Himalayan, New Era, Russian, Mongolian and Burbank.The following varieties showed susceptibility to one or more of the smut collections used:Six-rowed, hulled types—Bearer, Lapland, Star, Manchurian, Peatland, Trebi, Silver King, Vaughn, Comfort, Regal, Newal and Colsess.Two-rowed, hulled types—Binder, Canadian Thorpe, Duckbill, Gold, Hannchen, Swanneck and Charlottetown.Hulless types—Junior, Eureka, Improved White Hulless and Trifurcatum.

scholarly journals 3D Models of Fractured Pelvic Bones for Analysis of Symmetry and Deviation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-62
Author(s):  
Samantha Polege ◽  
Sarah McClelland ◽  
Maha Ead ◽  
David Li ◽  
Kajsa Duke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Models ◽  
Pelvic Fractures ◽  
Pelvic Bone ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Pelvic Bones ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The University

Pelvic fractures are a fairly common result of falls, automobile collisions, or other direct impact incidents. Most fractures are relatively mild and not life-threatening, but severe damage may have debilitating effects on the victim's health and quality of life. Pelvic breakage often requires surgery to alleviate, but procedures may be difficult given the complex anatomical structure of the area and the specific location of the fractures. This project aimed to make the planning stage easier for surgeons by analyzing left-right symmetry of the pelvis and using this property to create, in cases where one side is fractured and the other remains intact, 3D models of reconstructed pelvic fractures. Pelvic bone has been proven to be highly symmetrical. This method would provide surgeons with a clearer idea of how to best reassemble and otherwise correct fractures in the pelvis. First, various one-sided pelvic fractures from a batch of anonymized subjects obtained from the University of Alberta Hospital were digitized in medical imaging software. Data from six subjects in total was used in the collection of results. The digitized pelvises were then used to construct 3D models. The fractured pieces were aligned in best-fit with a mirrored intact side. Colour deviation maps, which differentiated between areas of high and low symmetry by measuring the degree of point deviance against a scale, were then generated. Deviance was generally more prevalent along the fracture lines. The predefined threshold considered a maximum of 2 mm of deviation as highly symmetrical. The average RMS value was found to be 1.65 mm and the average percentage of points within 2 mm of difference was 85.1%, indicating that the pelvic bones studied possessed a reasonably high degree of left-right symmetry. The results from this study suggest that this virtual reconstruction method is reliable for use in surgical planning for one-sided pelvic fractures.

scholarly journals Development of the Cross-Sector GLS Study Program in 104203 Bandar Khalipah Public Elementary School

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 2169-2176
Author(s):  
Flora Siahaan ◽  
Khairil Ansari ◽  
Zulkifli Matondang
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Teacher Assessment ◽  
Learning Phase ◽  
Initial Product ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Expert Validation

This study is aimed to describe the process of developing enrichment books in the learning phase of the school literacy movement. The feasibility of enrichment books on the school literacy movement for students in class VI with the theme of saving sentient beings, and describing the use of enrichment books in the school literacy movement of the learning phase. This study refers to the Borg & Gall development model. The results showed that: (1) the development of enrichment books is based on research and gathering preliminary information, planning, initial product development, validation of material content, design and language, product revisions, assessments with suggestions of class teachers and students, revisions, individual trials, revisions back, small group trials, next revisions, limited field trials, revisions more until the product is valid and suitable for used; (2) the results of the material expert validation included the feasibility of the contents with an average of 90.62% on the “very good” criteria, the feasibility of serving with an average of 95% on the “very good” criteria, and the aspect of graphic with an average of 100% on the “very good” criteria, the average of all aspects is 95.20% on the “very good” criteria, design expert validation with an average of 90.47% on the “very good” criteria, and linguist validation 82% on the “very good” criteria, and (3) the use of enrichment books fulfills the requirements and effectively used as reading material. The results of teacher assessment responses for the enrichment books developed have an average total percentage of 907, 32% with the criteria of "very good". The average percentage results of all limited field tests were 92,58% with the criteria of "very good".

Ultrastructural characteristics of sporidia of Ustilago

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 786-787
Author(s):  
Patricia N. Hackney
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Type System ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ustilago Hordei ◽  
Silene Alba ◽  
The University

Ustilago hordei and Ustilago violacea are yeast-like basidiomycete pathogens ofHordeum vulgare and Silene alba respectively. The mating type system in both species of Ustilago is bipolar, with alleles, A,a, (U.hordei) and a1, a2 (U.violacea) at a single locus. Haploid sporidia maintain the asexual phase by budding, while the sexual phase is initiated by conjugation tube formation between the mating types during budding and conjugation.For observation of budding, sporidia were prepared by culturing the four types on YEG (yeast extract glucose) broth for 24 hours. After centrifugation at 5000g cells were either left unmated or mated in a1/a2,A/a combinations. The sporidia were then mixed 1:1 with 4% agar and the resulting 1mm cubes fixed in 8% gluteraldehyde and post fixed in osmium tetroxide. After dehydration and embedding cubes were thin sectioned with a LKB ultratome and photographed in a Zeiss 9s transmission electron microscope or in an AE1 electron microscope of MK11 1MEV at the High Voltage Electron Microscopy Center of the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Centres for Health Evidence Demonstration Project

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Stewart ◽  
Denise Koufogiannakis ◽  
Robert S.A. Hayward ◽  
Ellen Crumley ◽  
Michael E. Moffatt
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Demonstration Project ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Information Usage ◽  
University Of Manitoba ◽  
The University ◽  
Hospital Wards ◽  
Support Evidence

This paper will report on the establishment of the Centres for Health Evidence (CHE) Demonstration Project in both Edmonton at the University of Alberta and in Winnipeg at the University of Manitoba. The CHE Project brings together a variety of partners to support evidence-based practice using Internet-based desktops on hospital wards. There is a discussion of the CHE's cultural and political experiences. An overview of the research opportunities emanating from the CHE Project is presented as well as some early observations about information usage.

Case Study: The Southern Oral History Program

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelyn Dowd Hall ◽  
Kathryn Nasstrom
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
American South ◽  
New Era ◽  
Chapel Hill ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
The American South ◽  
And Gender ◽  
History Department ◽  
The University

A case study of the southern oral history program is the essence of this chapter. From its start in 1973 until 1999, the Southern Oral History Program (SOHP) was housed by the history department at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), rather than in the library or archives, where so many other oral history programs emerged. The SOHP is now part of UNC's Center for the Study of the American South, but it continues to play an integral role in the department of history. Concentrating on U.S. southern racial, labor, and gender issues, the program offers oral history courses and uses interviews to produce works of scholarship, such as the prize-winning book Like a Family: The Making of a Southern Cotton Mill World. The folks at the Institute for Southern Studies tried to combine activism with analysis, trying to figure out how to take the spirit of the movement into a new era.

scholarly journals Is the Letter ‘t’ in the Word ‘gourmet’? Disruption in Task-Evoked Connectivity Networks in Adults with Impaired Literacy Skills

NeuroSci ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Kulpreet Cheema ◽  
William E. Hodgetts ◽  
Jacqueline Cummine
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Skilled Readers ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Probe Task ◽  
The University ◽  
General Networks

Much work has been done to characterize domain-specific brain networks associated with reading, but very little work has been done with respect to spelling. Our aim was to characterize domain-specific spelling networks (SpNs) and domain-general resting state networks (RSNs) in adults with and without literacy impairments. Skilled and impaired adults were recruited from the University of Alberta. Participants completed three conditions of an in-scanner spelling task called a letter probe task (LPT). We found highly connected SpNs for both groups of individuals, albeit comparatively more connections for skilled (50) vs. impaired (43) readers. Notably, the SpNs did not correlate with spelling behaviour for either group. We also found relationships between SpNs and RSNs for both groups of individuals, this time with comparatively fewer connections for skilled (36) vs. impaired (53) readers. Finally, the RSNs did predict spelling performance in a limited manner for the skilled readers. These results advance our understanding of brain networks associated with spelling and add to the growing body of literature that describes the important and intricate connections between domain-specific networks and domain-general networks (i.e., resting states) in individuals with and without developmental disorders.

scholarly journals Access to Healthcare for Immigrant Children in Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3320
Author(s):  
Bukola Salami ◽  
Alleson Mason ◽  
Jordana Salma ◽  
Sophie Yohani ◽  
Maryam Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Immigrant Parents ◽  
Financial Barriers ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
The University

Immigrants experience poorer health outcomes than nonimmigrants in Canada for several reasons. A central contributing factor to poor health outcomes for immigrants is access to healthcare. Previous research on access to healthcare for immigrants has largely focused on the experience of immigrant adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate how immigrants access health services for their children in Alberta, Canada. Our study involved a descriptive qualitative design. Upon receiving ethics approval from the University of Alberta Research Ethics Board, we invited immigrant parents to participate in this study. We interviewed 50 immigrant parents, including 17 fathers and 33 mothers. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed according to the themes that emerged. Findings reveal that systemic barriers contributed to challenges in accessing healthcare for immigrant children. Participants identified several of these barriers—namely, system barriers, language and cultural barriers, relationship with health professionals, and financial barriers. These barriers can be addressed by policymakers and service providers by strengthening the diversity of the workforce, addressing income as a social determinant of health, and improving access to language interpretation services.

scholarly journals Success factors in the realization of large ice projects in education

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Arno Pronk ◽  
Peng Luo ◽  
Qingpeng Li ◽  
Fred Sanders ◽  
Marjolein overtoom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Factors ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
The North ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Good Learning ◽  
The University ◽  
Ice Shell ◽  
Motivation And Learning

There has been a long tradition in making ice structures, but the development of technical improvements for making ice buildings is a new field with just a handful of researchers. Most of the projects were realized by professors in cooperation with their students as part of their education in architecture and civil engineering. The following professors have realized ice projects in this setting: Heinz Isler realized some experiments since the 1950s; Tsutomu Kokawa created in the past three decades several ice domes in the north of Japan with a span up to 25 m; Lancelot Coar realized a number of fabric formed ice shell structures including fiberglass bars and hanging fabric as a mold for an ice shell in 2011 and in 2015 he produced an fabric-formed ice origami structure in cooperation with MIT (Caitlin Mueller) and VUB (Lars de Laet). Arno Pronk realized several ice projects such as the 2004 artificially cooled igloo, in 2014 and 2015 dome structures with an inflatable mold in Finland and in 2016–2019, an ice dome, several ice towers and a 3D printed gridshell of ice in Harbin (China) as a cooperation between the Universities of Eindhoven & Leuven (Pronk) and Harbin (Wu and Luo). In cooperation between the University of Alberta and Eindhoven two ice beams were realized during a workshop in 2020. In this paper we will present the motivation and learning experiences of students involved in learning-by-doing by realizing one large project in ice. The 2014–2016 projects were evaluated by Sanders and Overtoom; using questionnaires among the participants by mixed cultural teams under extreme conditions. By comparing the results in different situations and cultures we have found common rules for the success of those kinds of educational projects. In this paper we suggest that the synergy among students participating in one main project without a clear individual goal can be very large. The paper will present the success factors for projects to be perceived as a good learning experience.

James Bertram Collip, 1892-1965

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 234-267 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Medical Importance ◽  
The University ◽  
Happy Family

James Bertram Collip was a pioneer in endocrine research, especially in its biochemical aspects. Following an excellent training in biochemistry under Professor A. B. Macallum, F.R.S., at the University of Toronto, he spent thirteen years at the University of Alberta in Edmonton. There was a momentous year at the University of Toronto about midway through the Edmonton period; this coincided with the discovery of insulin by Sir Frederick G. Banting, F.R.S., and Professor Charles S. Best, F.R.S., and the experience altered the course of his career. Henceforth, Professor Collip’s life was dominated by an urge to discover hormones that would be useful in clinical medicine. Success attended these efforts, first in the isolation of the parthyroid hormone, called parathormone, while he was at the University of Alberta and later in the identification of placental and pituitary hormones during particularly fruitful years at McGill University. There were other important facets to Professor Collip’s career. These included the training of young scientists, many of whom subsequently came to occupy positions of responsibility, work with the National Research Council of Canada, and in his latter years an important contribution as Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Western Ontario. In addition to a life of fulfilment through accomplishments of scientific and medical importance, Professor Collip’s career was enriched by a happy family life and by the friendship of a host of individuals who were attracted to his brilliance as a scientist and his warm personality.

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