Definitive identification of fatty acid constituents in marine mammal tissues

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Wetzel ◽  
J E Reynolds III
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Bowhead Whale ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Novel Approach

Analyses of fatty acid constituents in a sample of bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) blubber were conducted using a method that has not been applied before to studies of lipids in marine mammals. It involves creation and analysis of nitrogen (picolinyl) ester derivatives of the fatty acids followed by combined gas chromatography – mass spectrometry for verification of structures. Use of this approach allowed the structural confirmation of 45 different fatty acids in the blubber sample. The traditional method of methyl ester derivatization of fatty acids followed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry analyses provides more component characterization than analyses by gas chromatography – flame ionization detection, but not enough to effectively differentiate double bond isomers or branched compounds. Although the novel approach is time intensive, we recommend that it be employed for studies where the precise identification and confirmation of fatty acids is important.

scholarly journals Improved Stable Isotope Dilution-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method for Serum or Plasma Free 3-Hydroxy-Fatty Acids and Its Utility for the Study of Disorders of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid β-Oxidation

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M Jones ◽  
Rebecca Quinn ◽  
Paul V Fennessey ◽  
Susan Tjoa ◽  
Stephen I Goodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Hydroxy Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Stable Isotope Dilution ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Abstract Background: Disorders of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) are difficult to diagnose, primarily because in many of the FAO disorders measurable biochemical intermediates accumulate in body fluids only during acute illness. Increased concentrations of 3-hydroxy-fatty acids (3-OH-FAs) in the blood are indicative of FAO disorders of the long- and short-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, LCHAD and SCHAD. We describe a serum/plasma assay for the measurement of 3-OH-FAs with carbon chain lengths from C6 to C16. Methods: We used stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with electron impact ionization and selected ion monitoring. Natural and isotope-labeled compounds were synthesized for the assay. Results: The assay was linear from 0.2 to 50 μmol/L for all six 3-OH-FAs. CVs were 5–15% at concentrations near the upper limits seen in healthy subjects. In 43 subjects, the medians (and ranges) in μmol/L were as follows: 3-OH-C6, 0.8 (0.3–2.2); 3-OH-C8, 0.4 (0.2–1.0); 3-OH-C10, 0.3 (0.2–0.6); 3-OH-C12, 0.3 (0.2–0.6); 3-OH-C14, 0.2 (0.0–0.4); and 3-OH-C16, 0.2 (0.0–0.5). 3-OH-FAs were increased in infants receiving formula containing medium chain triglycerides. Two patients diagnosed with LCHAD deficiency showed marked increases in 3-OH-C14 and 3-OH-C16 concentrations. Two patients diagnosed with SCHAD deficiency showed increased shorter chain 3-OH-FAs but no increases in 3-OH-C14 to 3-OH-C16. Conclusion: Measuring blood concentrations of the 3-OH-FAs with this assay may be a valuable tool for helping to rapidly identify deficiencies in LCHAD and SCHAD and may also provide useful information about the status of the FAO pathway.

scholarly journals Automated Trimethyl Sulfonium Hydroxide Derivatization Method for High-Throughput Fatty Acid Profiling by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6246
Author(s):  
Paul Gries ◽  
Atul Singh Rathore ◽  
Xiyuan Lu ◽  
Jennifer Chiou ◽  
Yen Bao Huynh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sample Handling ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiling

Fatty acid profiling on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) platforms is typically performed offline by manually derivatizing and analyzing small batches of samples. A GC–MS system with a fully integrated robotic autosampler can significantly improve sample handling, standardize data collection, and reduce the total hands-on time required for sample analysis. In this study, we report an optimized high-throughput GC–MS-based methodology that utilizes trimethyl sulfonium hydroxide (TMSH) as a derivatization reagent to convert fatty acids into fatty acid methyl esters. An automated online derivatization method was developed, in which the robotic autosampler derivatizes each sample individually and injects it into the GC–MS system in a high-throughput manner. This study investigated the robustness of automated TMSH derivatization by comparing fatty acid standards and lipid extracts, derivatized manually in batches and online automatically from four biological matrices. Automated derivatization improved reproducibility in 19 of 33 fatty acid standards, with nearly half of the 33 confirmed fatty acids in biological samples demonstrating improved reproducibility when compared to manually derivatized samples. In summary, we show that the online TMSH-based derivatization methodology is ideal for high-throughput fatty acid analysis, allowing rapid and efficient fatty acid profiling, with reduced sample handling, faster data acquisition, and, ultimately, improved data reproducibility.

scholarly journals Assessing diatom-mediated fatty acids in intertidal biofilm: a new conservation concern

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Ollinik ◽  
Candice C. Chua ◽  
Pamela Brunswick ◽  
Robert W. Elner ◽  
Oxana Blajkevitch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

AbstractBiofilm communities on intertidal mudflats are recognized as major producers of nutrients, especially fatty acids. The rising threats posed by both climatic and anthropogenic stressors increase the necessity of understanding and conserving these communities. Shorebirds provide a proxy for studying the complex ecology of biofilm communities because of their heavy reliance on fatty acids from diatomaceous biofilm for successful long-distance migration. Herein, we review biofilm feeding patterns by migratory shorebirds, experimental design considerations for sampling and studying the fatty acid content of biofilm, and the literature describing established and emerging analytical methodology. Techniques for fatty acid analysis include the commonly employed gas chromatography–flame ionization detection (GC/FID) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with derivatization. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and liquid chromatography–quadrupole time of flight (LC/QTOF) are newly emerging techniques that enable derivatization to be eliminated. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR), a common instrument in chemistry laboratories, has applications in fatty acid research, specifically for screening. Using a combination of sampling and analytical methods is necessary for improved understanding of intertidal biofilm, both as a source of essential fatty acids in aquatic systems and a critical food for shorebirds.

Cellular fatty acids of Peptococcus variabilis and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-667
Author(s):  
C W Moss ◽  
M A Lambert ◽  
G L Lombard
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acids ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Branched Chain

Cellular fatty acids of Peptococcus variables and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius were identified by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and associated analytical techniques. Iso- and anteiso-branched-chain acids were major components in both species.

scholarly journals Fatty Acids Produced by Neofusicoccum vitifusiforme and N. parvum, Fungi Associated with Grapevine Botryosphaeria Dieback

Agriculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Salvatore ◽  
Selene Giambra ◽  
Daniele Naviglio ◽  
Marina DellaGreca ◽  
Francesco Salvatore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fungal Pathogenicity ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dieback ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Abundant Fatty Acid

There is evidence that secondary metabolites are involved in the fungal pathogenicity and virulence of Neofusicoccum spp. Fatty acids may also influence the plant–pathogen interaction but, so far, no information is available on their production by species of Neofusicoccum associated with Botryosphaeria dieback, which is a well-known syndrome of several plants with a complex etiology. In the present paper, the production of fatty acids in liquid medium, by strains of N. vitifusiforme and N. parvum associated with declining Sicilian vine plants, was evaluated. Data, acquired via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS), show the presence of linoleic acid as the most abundant fatty acid produced by both examined strains. In addition, the pathogenicity of N. vitifusiforme was tested on 2-year-old grapevine plants of cv. Inzolia.

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