Parasites of Freshwater Fishes (Salmonidae and Coregonidae) of Insular Newfoundland

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1911-1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Sandeman ◽  
J. H. C. Pippy
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Coregonus Clupeaformis ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Lake Fish

A survey was made of the parasites of freshwater game fishes in Insular Newfoundland. A total of 304 fish from five species (Salvelinus fontinalis, Salmo salar (grilse, landlocked, parr, smolt), Salmo gairdneri, Salmo trutta, and Coregonus clupeaformis) was examined from 43 sampling stations covering the main watersheds of the island. Twenty-six parasitic species are recorded. Two new species, Phyllodistomum limnosa and Salmincola exsanguinata, are described. Descriptions are given and the systematic positions of the following discussed: Trichophrya piscium, Crepidostomum farionis, Apophallus brevis (metacercariae), Dibothriocephalus sp., Echinorhynchus lateralis, Metabronema salvelini, Philonema agubernaculum, Salmincola salmonea, and Argulus canadensis. A host–parasite list with percentage infections is given for all species of fish and a table showing the distribution between river and lake fish over the island as a whole is given for the commoner parasites of S. fontinalis. Distribution and host specificity are discussed.

An analysis of the genus Leucothoe Leach, 1814 (Amphipoda: Leucothoidae) in New Zealand, with the description of two new species symbiotic with ascidians and sponges

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronja Hauke ◽  
Rachael A Peart ◽  
Ken G Ryan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Two New Species

Abstract Leucothoids (family Leucothoidae Dana, 1852) are amphipods often associated with sponges and are relatively poorly recorded in New Zealand waters, with only four species previously recorded. Two newly discovered species, Leucothoe agripeta  sp. nov. and L. tumultus  sp. nov. are described from a sponge off Aotea Quay, Wellington, New Zealand and an ascidian from the Chatham Rise, eastern New Zealand, respectively. Leucothoe traillii  Thomson, 1881 is redescribed and a neotype assigned. A key to the New Zealand species of Leucothoe as well as a discussion of their host-specificity and ecology are also provided.

Adjuvant-Dependent Immunity and the Agglutinin Response of Fishes Against Aeromonas salmonicida, Cause of Furunculosis

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1290-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco C. Cipriano ◽  
Stephen W. Pyle
Keyword(s):  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Extracellular Product ◽  
Experimental Challenge

Adjuvant-dependent immunity resulted in agglutinin activity against Aeromonas salmonicida in sera of convalescent fishes. Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), brown trout (Salmo salar), and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) that had recovered from natural furunculosis produced serum agglutinin antibodies predominately against a specific chromatographic fraction (EcF1) of the bacterium's extracellular product. EcF1 was resolved by ion-exchange chromatography from DEAE SephadexA-25. When EcF1 was emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant and injected intraperitoneally, brook trout were protected against experimental challenge; brook trout vaccinated with EcF1 only were not protected against furunculosis. EcF1, examined by immunodiffusion tests, SDS – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and Western blot immunoassays, shared certain properties with bacterial endotoxin. EcF1 and endotoxin preparations both contained immunoreactive lipopolysaccharides which indicated that adjuvant-dependent immunity to A. salmonicida is related to endotoxin.

Acari prostigmata (excluding Trombiculidae) parasitic on Australian vertebrates: an annotated checklist, keys and bibliography

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Domrow
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Nasal Passages ◽  
Petaurus Breviceps ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
New Synonymy ◽  
Annotated Checklist

The prostigmatic mites (excluding Trombiculidae) parasitic on, or associated with, Australian vertebrates are reviewed, and keys and illustrations are provided to enable separation of all 45 genera and 121 species recognised. Two new species are described: Paraspeleognathopsis exaeta sp. nov. (Erynetidae), from the nasal passages of the marsupial Petaurus breviceps in New South Wales, and Radfordia hydromys Fain sp. nov. (Myobiidae). New synonymy in Ereynetidae: Boydaia Womersley, 1953 = Coboydaia Fain, 1971b; Neospeleognathopsis Fain, 1958b = Pteropignathus Fain & Lukoschus, 1979b; Psittaboydaia Fain, 1985 = Trichoglossiella Fain, 1985; in Myobiidae: Australomyobia dasycercus Fain, 1973a = A. d. antechinus Fain & Lukoschus, 1979d; Calcarmyobia miniopteris (Womersley, 1941a) = C. o. orianae Uchikawa, 1985c; Ewingana bispinosa Radford, 1948 = E. b. longispina Fain & Lukoschus, 1979c; Radfordia Ewing, 1938 = Pseudoradfordia Dubinin, 1957a = Syconycterobia Fain, 1973b; in Demodecidae: Demodex equi Railliet, 1893 = D. caballi Desch & Nutting, 1979a; D. ovis Railliet, 1893 = D. aries Desch, 1987; in Leeuwenhoekiidae: Odontacarus Ewing, 1929 = Leogonius Vercammen-Grandjean, 1968. A host-parasite list and bibliography are included.

Biodiversity and host specificity of sponge-associated barnacles (Cirripedia: Thoracica) in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Chen Yu ◽  
Benny K K Chan ◽  
Gregory A Kolbasov ◽  
Monthon Ganmanee
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Andaman Sea ◽  
Host Use ◽  
Gulf Of Thailand ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Barnacle Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Gulf Of Thailand

Abstract We examined the diversity and host use of sponge-associated barnacles of Thailand (Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand) using a combined morphological and molecular approach. Eight barnacle species (including two new species) were collected from 12 host sponges. Host-specific barnacle species includes Acasta lappasp. nov., which exclusively inhabits the sponge Mycale sp. Acasta milkaesp. nov. was only collected from the sponge Callyspongia cf. diffusa (Ridley, 1884). Multatria filigranus (Broch, 1916) were found in the encrusting soft sponges Monanchora unguiculata (Dendy, 1922) and Clathria sp. Pyrgospongia stellula (Rosell, 1975) inhabits the sponges Spheciospongia vagabunda (Ridley, 1884). Generalist barnacle species includes Euacsta ctenodentia (Rosell, 1972), E. porata (Nilsson-Cantell, 1921), E. zuiho (Hiro, 1936), and Acasta cyathus Darwin, 1854, which inhabit a wide range of sponges with various textures.

Biochemical and Serological Characteristics of Ontario Isolates of Yersinia ruckeri

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 870-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. W. Stevenson ◽  
J. G. Daly
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Yersinia Ruckeri ◽  
Fish Health ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Coregonus Artedii

During testing hatchery and wild fish from Ontario sources, we isolated bacteria that had sufficient characteristics in common with Yersinia ruckeri to suggest they were strains of this organism. Three isolates from brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), and cisco (Coregonus artedii) biochemically resembled the sorbitol-fermenting Serovar II strain of Y. ruckeri, but gave cross reactions with antiserum to the Hagerman strain, Serovar I. A fourth isolate from brown trout (Salmo trutta) appeared to be different from the three previously described serovars. A fifth isolate previously obtained from muskrat (Ondatra zibethica) intestine biochemically and serologically corresponded to the Hagerman serovar. We suggest that the geographic range of Y. ruckeri and variations in its biochemical and serological properties are greater than previously believed. These findings are of significance in diagnosis and regulation of enteric redmouth disease of salmonids.Key words: Yersinia ruckeri, enteric redmouth, ERM, bacterial disease, fish health protection

Description of a new species of rhinebothriidean tapeworm from the skate Dipturus batis in the Mediterranean Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (05) ◽  
pp. 589-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Benmeslem ◽  
H.S. Randhawa ◽  
F. Tazerouti
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Attachment Site ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Site Preferences ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Host Parasite

AbstractExamination of rajid skates off the Algerian coast in the Mediterranean Sea revealed that three of the 33 Dipturus batis Linnaeus, 1758 examined harboured a new tapeworm species: Echeneibothrium algeriensis n. sp. This new species, collected from the anterior half of the spiral valves, is described on the basis of morphological data from light and scanning electron microscopy. The new species differs from previously described Echeneibothrium species by details of the scolex and loculi, total length, the length of the myzorhynchus, the number of proglottides, and the number of testes. Comparison of the diets of the ten skate species common in the Mediterranean basin indicates some varying degree of overlap, suggesting that host specificity in this host–parasite system is determined by other host and/or ecological variables such as adaptations of the parasites to their respective hosts, either on the morpho-anatomical level, in physiological characteristics of the parasite's habitat, in the trophic requirements for the successful transmission of the parasite, or in adaptations to the behavioural characteristics of the host. Furthermore, restricted overlap of E. algeriensis n. sp. with congeners in parasite assemblages of D. batis indicates some structuring according to attachment-site preferences. However, attachment-site preferences are not explained solely by morphological compatibility between bothridia and villi. This study reiterates the need to examine multiple factors synergistically in studies on host specificity of parasites, and the need to examine the parasite fauna of hosts across their entire geographical range in order to truly appreciate the biodiversity they harbour.

Phyllodistomum umblae (Fabricius) (Digenea, Gorgoderidae) from British Columbia salmonids: a description based on light and scanning electron microscopy

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1703-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Bakke ◽  
R. E. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Scanning Electron

Specimens of Phyllodistomum umblae (Fabricius, 1780) from Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum) from the Nautley River, British Columbia, and Salmo gairdneri Richardson from the Stuart River, British Columbia, are described and figured using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Particular emphasis is placed on describing the numbers, types, and arrangement of papillae as seen with scanning electron microscopy. No significant differences were observed between the present Canadian material from O. nerka and S. gairdneri and specimens of P. umblae described from Norway, Sweden, and the U.S.S.R. Thus, P. umblae has a holarctic distribution in salmonids. Phyllodistomum limnosa Sandeman and Pippy, 1967, described from Salmo salar L. and Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill) from Newfoundland, is regarded as a synonym of P. umblae. Phyllodistomum lachancei Choquztte, 1947, described from S. fontinalis in Quebec, probably is also a synonym of P. umblae, but a more detailed scanning electron microscope study of the papillae in P. lachancei is required for confirmation.

Effects of pH on sperm motility in several Salmoniformes species: Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salvelinus fontinalis, Salmo trutta, Salmo salar and Thymallus thymallus

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 665-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ciereszko ◽  
G.J. Dietrich ◽  
M.A. Dietrich ◽  
J. Nynca ◽  
H. Kuźmiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Thymallus Thymallus ◽  
Effects Of Ph

New species of Lancisporomyces, Orphella, and Paramoebidium, endosymbionts of stonefly nymphs from streams in Nova Scotia, Canada

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 1478-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.B. Strongman ◽  
Merlin M. White
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Species Occurrence ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Protistan Species

Trichomycetes are endobionts that include both fungal and protistan species living in the guts of aquatic insects. Although widely distributed around the world, the biodiversity of these fungi in Canada is virtually unknown. We report the occurrence of 13 species of trichomycetes associated with stonefly nymphs in the families Capniidae, Leuctridae, Nemouridae, and Taeniopterygidae from collections spanning 8 years. This paper extends the geographical range for a number of known fungal species. We describe four new species of Harpellales, Lancisporomyces anguilliformis, Lancisporomyces falcatus, Lancisporomyces nemouridarum, and Orphella dalhousiensis, including both asexual and sexual features for each, as well as two new species of Paramoebidium (Amoebidiales), Paramoebidium cassidula and Paramoebidium stipula. The observations on zygospore morphology in Lancisporomyces and ontogeny of sexual spores in Orphella broaden our perspective on sexual reproduction in the Harpellales. Also highlighted are data on temporal aspects of species occurrence, asexual and sexual sporulation for some species that show host specificity as well as synchrony in maturation of the endobionts with their stonefly hosts.

Abundance and Potential Pathology of Parasites Infecting Salmonids in Canadian Maritime Hatcheries

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Hare ◽  
C. Frantsi
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
First Time

Seventeen parasite species (3 protozoans, 11 helminths, 2 arthropods, and 1 mollusc) were collected from 317 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), 207 brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), and 34 rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in the 13 Canadian Maritime hatcheries during 1972. Four parasites, Camallanus oxycephalus, Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli, Hydrachna sp., and a glochidium, were recorded from Atlantic salmon for the first time. Incidence and intensity of infection were high for Trichophyra piscium, Diplostomulum spathaceum, and glochidia infecting salmon and for Acanthocephalus lateralis and Salmincola edwardsii infecting brook trout. Infection intensity of Apophallus imperator, D. spathaceum, S. edwardsii, and glochidia increased with host age. Apophallus imperator and S. edwardsii were host specific to brook trout and the glochidium was host specific to salmon. Sterliadochona tenuissima and A. lateralis were more abundant in brook trout than in salmon. Pathology was associated with infections of Hexamita salmonis, D. spathaceum, A. lateralis, and S. edwardsii.

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