Crustacean Plankton of 146 Alpine and Subalpine Lakes and Ponds in Western Canada

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Stewart Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Copepod Species ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Cladoceran Species ◽  
Subalpine Lakes ◽  
Crustacean Plankton ◽  
Large Predators ◽  
Plankton Communities

Investigations of crustacean plankton communities in 146 alpine and subalpine waters in some western Canadian national parks and environs showed that species composition varied little from year to year and that there was a mean of 2.93 species per community Diaptomus arcticus occurred in 60% of the communities. More cladoceran species than copepod species were found, but there were usually more copepod than cladoceran species in a community. Many of the species found in subalpine waters did not occur in alpine waters, where they were probably limited more by physical factors — such as temperature and morphometry — and the presence of large predators than by altitude. Except for anostracans, few species seemed to be restricted to either lakes or ponds in the study area. Congeneric occurrences of large cladocerans or nonpredaceous diaptomid copepods were uncommon, as were co-occurrences of large cladocerans and nonpredaceous diaptomids.

Crustacean Plankton Communities of 340 Lakes and Ponds in and near the National Parks of the Canadian Rocky Mountains

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 855-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Stewart Anderson
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Canadian Rocky Mountains ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Crustacean Plankton ◽  
Species Occurrences ◽  
Plankton Communities

The crustacean plankton communities of 340 lakes and ponds in southern Alberta and southeastern British Columbia were examined. The waters are situated between 660 m and 2455 m in elevation, have areas from < 0.1 to 3940 hectares, and range from 0.5 m to 136 m in depth. They represent a wide range of salinities, from 2 ppm to 29,800 ppm. The communities were grouped into seven main types on the basis of the copepod species present. Of the 97 crustacean species present, 32 were copepods, 50 were cladocerans, and 9 were anostracans. The three most common species accounted for over 25% of the total species occurrences. Only two species were present in more than half the total lakes and ponds. A few species seem to be restricted to highly saline waters, and a few to low salinities, but most inhabited a wide range of aquatic environments. The most frequently occurring and abundant species tolerate a wide range of conditions. These species are also characterized by up to a fivefold variation in generation time. Certain species having restricted distribution patterns appear to be limited by both the chemistry of the water and the heat content. Aspects of species distribution, ecology, and interspecific relationships are discussed.

scholarly journals Large Carnivores of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Exclusion Zone

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. e-21-e-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shkvyria ◽  
D. Vishnevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Large Predators

Large Carnivores of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Exclusion Zone During nine years observations on large carnivores of Exclusion Zone have been carried out. Species composition and the number of large predators in the Exclusion Zone correspond to the regional conditions. The presence of bears and permanent stay of the lynx in the Exclusion Zone was confirmed. Six wolf packs were counted. The use of an anthropogenically transformed areas, the shift of the daily regime of activity and characteristics of the diet are the most specific features of this animal group.

scholarly journals Fishing effects on elasmobranchs from the Pacific Coast of Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Felipe Navia ◽  
Paola Andrea Mejía-Falla
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Functional Level ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Large Predators ◽  
Average Catch ◽  
Index Of Diversity

<p>During 1995, 2001, 2003, 2004 and 2007; we studied the temporal variation in the structure of the elasmobranch assemblage along the Colombian Pacific coast using: the community index of diversity, heterogeneity, equitability, species composition, average catch sizes, and mean trophic levels. A total of 1 711 specimens from 19 species<br />(7 sharks and 12 rays) were collected during the 90 trawling operations. The number of species captured varied between 7 (1995) and 12 (2007) demonstrating a trend towards an imbalance in the assemblage attributes. In 1995, the mean trophic level (TLm) of the assemblage was 3.60, but in 2007 it decreased to 3.55 when the functional level of large predators was absent (TL ≥ 4). These results suggest changes in species composition, structural attributes, and a reduction of the highest functional level. Alterations to the catch proportions were also found: i.e. a greater abundance of rays of lower trophic levels. This study suggests an effect of trawling on the stability of this tropical coastal ecosystem.</p>

Variability in organic matter lost by combustion in a boreal bog during the 2001 Chisholm fire

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2509-2513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian W Benscoter ◽  
R Kelman Wieder
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Direct Combustion ◽  
Site Variation

Fire directly releases carbon (C) to the atmosphere through combustion of biomass. An estimated 1470 ± 59 km2 of peatland burns annually in boreal, western Canada, releasing 4.7 ± 0.6 Tg C to the atmosphere via direct combustion. We quantified within-site variation in organic matter lost via combustion in a bog peatland in association with the 116 000-ha Chisholm, Alberta, fire in 2001. We hypothesized that for peatlands with considerable small-scale microtopography (bogs and treed fens), hummocks will burn less than hollows. We found that hollows exhibit more combustion than hummocks, releasing nearly twice as much C to the atmosphere. Our results suggest that spatial variability in species composition and site hydrology within a landform and across a landscape could contribute to considerable spatial variation in the amounts of C released via combustion during peatland fire, although the magnitude of this variation may be dependent on fire severity.

Proteocephalus neglectus as a possible indicator of changes in the ecological balance of aquatic environments

1992 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Hanzelová
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Copepod Species ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Copepod Community ◽  
Ecological Relationships ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Cyclops Vicinus

ABSTRACTIn an environment seriously impaired by human interference (draining the reservoir), ecological relationships in a community of copepods and their impact on the transmission of the tapeworm Proteocephalus neglectus La Rue. 1911 were studied. The impairment of the environment resulted in changes in the species composition of the copepod community and in the increased diversity of the copepod species, as well as in a multiple inversion of the dominant and subdominant relationships of the two most numerous copepod species (Cyclops vicinus and Eudiaptomus zachariasi). The structure of the developmental stages of the copepod community, the seasonal dynamics of the number of copepods and the abundance of P. neglectus procercoids have changed. The predominant species in the copepod community and the most susceptible intermediate host of P. neglectus (C. vicinus) was not infected. The infection of copepods decreased by 95% and that of the definitive hosts (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by 97·5% compared with the index values recorded in the previous year.

Crustacean Plankton Communities in Forty-Five Lakes in the Experimental Lakes Area, Northwestern Ontario

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Patalas
Keyword(s):  
Common Species ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Experimental Lakes Area ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Lake Morphology ◽  
Diaptomus Oregonensis ◽  
Crustacean Plankton ◽  
Limnocalanus Macrurus ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Plankton Communities

Zooplankton communities were characterized on the basis of samples taken in summer as vertical net hauls in the central part of lakes. Twenty-eight species of crustaceans were found in the 45 lakes studied. The highest number of species as well as the highest numbers of individuals (per unit of area) usually occurred in the largest deepest lakes with most transparent water.The most common species were: Bosmina longirostris, Tropocyclops prasinus mexicanus, Mesocyclops edax, Diaptomus minutus, Holopedium gibberum, and Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi. Daphnids were rather scarcely represented.Senecella calanoides, Limnocalanus macrurus, and Diaptomus sicilis were confined to rather deeper lakes, whereas Diaptomus oregonensis was found mostly in smaller shallower lakes and Diaptomus leptopus in very small, but relatively deep lakes. Diaptomus minutus and C. b. thomasi, though widely distributed, showed a preference for deeper lakes, whereas T. p. mexicanus tended towards smaller shallower lakes.In particular lakes, the number of dominants ranged between 1 and 5, but three dominants per lake was the most commonly encountered case. The simplest community was composed of one cyclopoid, though the most common consisted of one cyclopoid, one diaptomid, and one cladoceran.Four types of communities were distinguished, each of them characteristic for a group of lakes of specific size and depth: (I) in the largest and deepest lakes (389–1007 ha of area, 30–117 m maximum depth); (II) in lakes of medium size and depth (6.5–200 ha, 4.8–33 m); (III) in small and very shallow lakes (3.1–28 ha, 2.7–7.3 m); (IV) in very small lakes with medium depth (1.3–3.7 ha, 6.1–12.8 m).The high degree of similarity between the plankton communities of the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA) and southern Ontario, as well as of some Great Lakes, suggest that they all basically belong to the same zoogeographical area.The fact that most species were distributed evenly throughout ELA may indicate the relative uniformity of the area. In ELA, lake morphology is mainly responsible for defining the type of community.

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