Ultraviolet Treatment of Water for Destruction of Five Gram-Negative Bacteria Pathogenic to Fishes

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1244-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Bullock ◽  
H. M. Stuckey
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Ultraviolet Treatment

Filtration (25 nm) and ultraviolet irradiation dosages of 13,100–29,400 microwatt seconds per square centimetre (μW∙s∙cm−2) effected a 99.98–100% reduction of five gram-negative fish pathogens — Aeromonas salmonicida, A. hydrophila, Vibrio anguillarum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and the enteric redmouth organism in 12.5 °C clear spring water or spring water containing particulate matter. Filtration and a dosage of 4500 μW∙s∙cm−2 killed 99.83–100% of test strains in spring water and 4000–4750 μW∙s∙cm−2 killed 99.33–99.99% in water with particulate matter. Irradiation of unfiltered water containing particulate matter was less effective, especially at dosages of 5000 μW∙s∙cm−2 or less, which killed 97–99.94% of strains. Filtration and 13,100 μW∙s∙cm−2 irradiation of water containing A. salmonicida prevented transmission of furunculosis. Key words: ultraviolet irradiation, bacterial fish pathogens, water disinfection

scholarly journals Epidemiological survey of serum titers from adults against various Gram-negative bacterial V-antigens

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao Kinoshita ◽  
Masaru Shimizu ◽  
Koichi Akiyama ◽  
Hideya Kato ◽  
Kiyoshi Moriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Type Iii Secretion ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
V Antigen ◽  
Adult Volunteers

AbstractThe V-antigen, a virulence-associated protein, was first identified in Yersinia pestis more than half a century ago. Since then, other V-antigen homologs and orthologs have been discovered and are now considered vital molecules for the toxic effects mediated by the type III secretion system in infections caused by various pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. After purifying recombinant V-antigen proteins including PcrV from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, LcrV from Yersinia, LssV from Photorhabdus luminescens, AcrV from Aeromonas salmonicida, and VcrV from Vibrio parahaemolyticus, we developed an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay to measure titers against each V-antigen in the sera collected from 186 adult volunteers. Different titer-specific correlation levels were determined for the five V-antigens. The anti-LcrV and anti-AcrV titers shared the highest correlation with each other, with a correlation coefficient of 0.84. The next highest correlation coefficient was between anti-AcrV and anti-VcrV titers at 0.79, while the lowest correlation was found between anti-LcrV and anti-VcrV titers, which were still higher than 0.7 Sera from mice immunized with one of the five recombinant V-antigens displayed cross-antigenicity with some of the other four V-antigens, supporting the results from the human sera. Thus, the serum anti-V-antigen titer measurement system could potentially be used for epidemiological investigations on various pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria.

Isolation and characterization of 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-L-glucose from the core oligosaccharides obtained from the aquatic gram-negative bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio anguillarum

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 877-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Banoub ◽  
Derek H. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Amino Sugar ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Core Oligosaccharide ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
The Core ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides

The amino sugar 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-L-glucose has been isolated and characterized from the core oligosaccharide obtained from the bacterial lipopolysaccharides of Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio anguillarum. This is the first occasion in which a dideoxyamino sugar has been confirmed as a constituent of the core oligosaccharide rather than the O-polysaccharide.

Modified Oxidation/Fermentation Medium for Use in Identification of Bacterial Fish Pathogens

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1629-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Walters ◽  
J. A. Plumb
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Fish Disease ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Fermentation Test ◽  
Fermentation Metabolism

A medium, designated glucose motility deep (GMD), was developed to determine motility, oxidation, fermentation, and gas production of gram-negative, cytochrome oxidase positive, bacterial fish pathogens in one culture tube. The medium is intended to replace the current glucose oxidation–fermentation test which requires two tubes and a petrolatum overlay. Isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Vibrio anguillarum, and Pasteurella piscicida were inoculated into GMD. The oxidation–fermentation metabolism, motility, and gas production of each isolate agreed with results obtained using conventional methods. Key words: bacteriology, bacterial medium, fish disease, fish pathogens, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, oxidation/fermentation, identification

Identification of Pathogenic Fish Bacteria Using the API ZYM System

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1137-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Sakai ◽  
M. K. Soliman ◽  
T. Yoshida ◽  
Masanori Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Edwardsiella Tarda ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Fish Pathogen ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Renibacterium Salmoninarum ◽  
Hemolytic Streptococcus ◽  
Fish Bacteria

The API ZYM system was used to identify the bacterial fish pathogens Enterococcus seriolicida, β-hemolytic Streptococcus sp., Renibacterium salmoninarum, Aeromonas salmonicida, A. hydrophila, Pasteurella piscicida, Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio anguillarum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Flexibacter columnaris, and F. maritimus. As additional tests, Gram stain and the activities of cytochrome oxidase and catalase were examined. The results of APS ZYM and the additional tests were coded for easy identification. Several biotypes were demonstrated by Streptococcus sp., V. anguillarum, and A. hydrophila. Other bacteria showed uniform profiles. This system can distinguish each fish pathogen from all other bacterial species examined.

Host range and transfer efficiency of incompatibility group HI plasmids

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 581-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Declan Maher ◽  
Diane E. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Yersinia Ruckeri ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
K 12

HI plasmids are distinguished by their thermosensitive mode of conjugation (transfer efficiency is optimal at 22–30 °C) and their capacity to encode multiple antibiotic resistance. These traits have implicated HI plasmids as potential vectors in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic and indigenous bacterial species in water and soil environments. We compared the transfer efficiency of HI plasmids with that of plasmids from 13 other incompatibility groups at 37, 24, and 14 °C in intragenic conjugations between laboratory strains of Escherichia coli K-12 under in vitro conditions. Only the HI plasmids and a representative plasmid from incompatibility groups M, N, Pα, T, and W were observed to be transmissible at 14 °C. These plasmids, along with HI plasmids and the related HII representative, were tested for their host range and transfer proficiency to Enterobacteria species and some other Gram-negative organisms of environmental significance at 24 and 14 °C. Notable differences in the host range of HI plasmids compared with plasmid representatives from the other enterobacterial groups were not evident at 24 °C. At 14 °C, R478 (HI2) displayed the broadest host range and transfer proficiency among the test plasmids. The ability of several plasmid groups, including HI, to transfer at 14–24 °C to Vibrio cholerae non 01, Salmonella typhi, and the fish pathogens Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio anguillarum, and Yersinia ruckeri needs to be corroborated by in situ studies.Key words: conjugation, plasmids, thermosensitive transfer, host range.

scholarly journals The Shell’s Trouble: A Case of child bloodstream infection caused by Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingchuan Dai ◽  
Yanmei Ge ◽  
Wenli Ji ◽  
Huacheng Tong
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Antibacterial Treatment ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Infected Person ◽  
Fish Pathogen ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
History Of

Abstract BackgroundA. salmonicida ( Aeromonas salmonicida ) is a Gram-negative bacteria which frequently reported as fish pathogen. A. salmonicida is generally considered to be non-pathogenic to humans. Case presentationA 22-month-old boy was admitted to hospital with a one-day fever history, A. salmonicida subsp. Salmonicida was isolated from his blood. He had an epidemiological history of being scratched by a shell. After 6 days’ antibacterial treatment, he recovered well and was discharged. ConclutionThis case is the first report of A. salmonicida infection by shellfish and the patient is also the youngest patient among reported infected person. The empirical use of first-generation cephalosporin seems to be effective in the treatment.

scholarly journals Type VI secretion system regulation as a consequence of evolutionary pressure

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah T. Miyata ◽  
Verena Bachmann ◽  
Stefan Pukatzki
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Type Vi Secretion System ◽  
Environmental Isolates ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Type Vi Secretion

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a mechanism evolved by Gram-negative bacteria to negotiate interactions with eukaryotic and prokaryotic competitors. T6SSs are encoded by a diverse array of bacteria and include plant, animal, human and fish pathogens, as well as environmental isolates. As such, the regulatory mechanisms governing T6SS gene expression vary widely from species to species, and even from strain to strain within a given species. This review concentrates on the four bacterial genera that the majority of recent T6SS regulatory studies have been focused on: Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia and Edwardsiella.

Bacterial-Mucosal Cell Junctional Complexes

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
Roger C. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Mucosal Lining ◽  
Degenerative Alterations ◽  
Junctional Complexes ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

Bacteria exhibit the ability to adhere to the apical surfaces of intestinal mucosal cells. These attachments either precede invasion of the intestinal wall by the bacteria with accompanying inflammation and degeneration of the mucosa or represent permanent anchoring sites where the bacteria never totally penetrate the mucosal cells.Endemic gram negative bacteria were found attached to the surface of mucosal cells lining the walls of crypts in the rat colon. The bacteria did not intrude deeper than 0.5 urn into the mucosal cells and no degenerative alterations were detectable in the mucosal lining.

Rapid demonstration of septic or infectious arthritis due to Gram-negative bacteria

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 686-687
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Paul R. Gross ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Arthritis ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Infectious Arthritis ◽  
Bacterial Arthritis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Blood cultures are positive in approximately only 50 per cent of the patients with nongonococcal bacterial infectious arthritis and about 20 per cent of those with gonococcal arthritis. But the concept that gram-negative bacteria could be involved even in chronic arthritis is well-supported. Gram stains are more definitive in staphylococcal arthritis caused by gram-positive bacteria than in bacterial arthritis due to gram-negative bacteria. In the latter situation where gram-negative bacilli are the problem, Gram stains are helpful for 50% of the patients; they are only helpful for 25% of the patients, however, where gram-negative gonococci are the problem. In arthritis due to gram-positive Staphylococci. Gramstained smears are positive for 75% of the patients.

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