Lake Erie Oxygen; The Prehistoric Record

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1021-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Delorme
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Central Basin ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Surficial Sediments ◽  
Oxygen Levels

Periodic anoxia as a symptom of eutrophication has lasted for hundreds, maybe thousands, of years in the central basin of Lake Erie. Fossil ostracode remains in sediment cores show that a common species, Candona caudata, has been able to survive despite periodic anoxia because of its tolerance to low dissolved oxygen (as low as 2.3 mg/L at 16.5 °C) and a short life cycle of weeks to several months. These qualities have enabled it to survive despite oxygen levels below 2.3 mg/L. Two other species, Candona subtriangulata and Cytherissa lacustris, that were expected in the sediment cores were not present. They were not able to cope with periodic low oxygen levels because of their requirement for higher dissolved oxygen (5.6 mg/L at 11.5 °C, 3.0 mg/L at 12.8 °C) and a life cycle of about 1 yr. This condition appears to have been common in the lower part of some of the sediment cores examined. A time-transgressive change in carbon concentration occurred in the surficial sediments of the central basin. A decrease in carbon started in the Sandusky basin around 4000 yr ago and gradually extended itself to the middle of the central basin by 1220 A.D. The loss of carbonate in the upper part of the sediment profile probably resulted from trapping of carbon dioxide, produced by the decomposition of organic material by oxidation and bacterial activity, in the hypolimnion.Key words: Lake Erie, periodic anoxia, ostracodes, inorganic carbon, organic carbon

Societal Benefits of the Real-Time Coastal Observation Network (ReCON): Implications for Municipal Drinking Water Quality

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Ruberg ◽  
Edwin Guasp ◽  
Nathan Hawley ◽  
Ronald W. Muzzi ◽  
Stephen B. Brandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Internal Waves ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Central Basin ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Observation Network

Environmental conditions on Lake Erie in summer 2006 produced hypoxic waters (1.2 mg/l dissolved oxygen), with characteristic low pH (7.2), low temperature (18°C) and high manganese levels, negatively impacting water processing at the Cleveland Water Department. A ReCON system deployed in 2005 recorded the onset of similar conditions and is used to explain the episodic nature of the event. Internal waves initiated by winds can propagate around the central basin of Lake Erie for several days explaining the cyclical nature of the event. Future deployments of a ReCON buoy system in Lake Erie's central basin will provide real-time observations of temperature and dissolved oxygen to water department managers. The buoy will function as an early warning system for the detection of low oxygen and the onset of internal waves responsible for delivering hypoxic waters to water intakes, thus ensuring the quality of drinking water for approximately 1.5 million residents of Cleveland, OH.

Some Effects of Temporary Exposure to Low Dissolved Oxygen Levels on Pacific Salmon Eggs

1958 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Alderdice ◽  
W. P. Wickett ◽  
J. R. Brett
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Availability ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Levels

Eggs of the chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) were exposed to various constant levels of dissolved oxygen for a period of seven days. The procedure was repeated with fresh egg samples at various developmental stages. Temperatures were constant at 10 °C. from fertilization to hatching. Estimates of oxygen consumption uninhibited by low dissolved oxygen levels were obtained at various stages of egg development for whole eggs and also on the basis of the weight of larvae, excluding the yolk. Eggs were most sensitive to hypoxia between 100–200 Centigrade degree-days and compensated for reduced oxygen availability by reducing the oxygen demand and rate of development. Very low oxygen levels at early incubation stages resulted in the production of monstrosities. At about the time the circulatory system becomes functional the compensatory reduction in rate of growth under hypoxial conditions is reduced, but eggs no longer survive extreme hypoxial conditions. Eggs subjected to low dissolved oxygen levels just prior to hatching hatch prematurely at a rate dependent on the degree of hypoxia. The maximum premature hatching rate corresponded approximately with the median lethal oxygen level. Estimated median lethal levels rose slowly from fertilization to hatching. Oxygen consumption per egg rose from fertilization to hatching while the consumption per gram of larval tissue declined from a high to a low level at about the time of blastopore closure. Subsequently, a slight rise in the rate occurred up to a level which was more or less constant to hatching. "Critical" dissolved oxygen levels were calculated and they appear to define the oxygen level above which respiratory rate is unmodified by oxygen availability. Critical levels ranged from about 1 p.p.m. in early stages to over 7 p.p.m. shortly before hatching.

scholarly journals NTPDase and acetylcholinesterase activities in silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Heptapteridae) exposed to interaction of oxygen and ammonia levels

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosilene Rodrigues Kaizer ◽  
Vania Lúcia Loro ◽  
Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger ◽  
Vera Maria Morsch ◽  
Luciane Almeri Tabaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Toxicity ◽  
Nucleoside Triphosphate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

The effects of various levels of oxygen saturation and ammonia concentration on NTPDase (ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase, E.C. 3.6.1.5) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE, E.C. 3.1.1.7) activities in whole brain of teleost fish (Rhamdia quelen) were investigated. The fish were exposed to one of two different dissolved oxygen levels, including high oxygen (6.5 mg.L-1) or low oxygen (3.5 mg.L-1), and one of two different ammonia levels, including high ammonia (0.1 mg.L-1) or low ammonia (0.03 mg.L-1) levels. The four experimental groups included the following (A) control, or high dissolved oxygen plus low NH3; (B) low dissolved oxygen plus low NH3; (C) high dissolved oxygen plus high NH3; (D) low dissolved oxygen plus high NH3. We found that enzyme activities were altered after 24 h exposure in groups C and D. ATP and ADP hydrolysis in whole brain of fish was enhanced in group D after 24 h exposure by 100% and 119%, respectively, compared to the control group. After 24 h exposure, AChE activity presented an increase of 34% and 39% in groups C and D, respectively, when compared to the control group. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that low oxygen levels increase ammonia toxicity. Moreover, the hypoxic events may increase blood flow by hypoxia increasing NTPDase activity, thus producing adenosine, a potent vasodilator.

scholarly journals Practical Considerations of Dissolved Oxygen Levels for Platelet Function under Hypoxia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13223
Author(s):  
Branden Kusanto ◽  
Andrew Gordon ◽  
Leigh Naylor-Adamson ◽  
Lloyd Atkinson ◽  
Charlie Coupland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Sample Handling ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Platelet Spreading

Investigating human platelet function in low-oxygen environments is important in multiple settings, including hypobaric hypoxia (e.g., high altitude), sea level hypoxia-related disease, and thrombus stability. These studies often involve drawing blood from which platelets are isolated and analysed at atmospheric conditions or re-exposed to low oxygen levels in hypoxia chambers before testing. However, it remains unknown how the in vitro handling of the samples itself changes their dissolved oxygen concentration, which might affect platelet function and experimental results. Here, we prepared healthy donor platelet-rich plasma and washed platelet (WP) suspensions and exposed them to 2% oxygen. We found that the use of hypoxia pre-equilibrated tubes, higher platelet concentrations (>2 × 108/mL versus 2 × 107/mL), smaller volumes (600 µL versus 3 mL), and presence of plasma reduced the time for samples to reach 2% oxygen. Notably, oxygen levels decreased below 2% in most suspensions, but also in WP maintained at atmospheric 21% oxygen. Additionally, platelet spreading on fibrinogen was decreased when using hypoxic fibrinogen-coated culture plates regardless of the oxygen percentage (2% or 21%) in which platelet incubation took place. Thus, sample handling and experimental conditions should be carefully monitored in platelet-hypoxia studies as they might compromise results interpretation and comparison across studies.

Oxygen and the Trade-off between Egg Ventilation and Brood Protection in the Common Goby

Behaviour ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 136 (7) ◽  
pp. 819-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie Jones ◽  
John Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Shore Crabs ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Goby

Abstract1. We examined compromises between defence of nests against predation and ventilation of eggs in the common goby (Pomatoschistus microps). Females are known to prefer nests with small entrances, which are less vulnerable to predatory shore crabs, Carcinus maenus. However, small nest entrances may hamper egg ventilation by males. This may be especially detrimental under conditions of low dissolved oxygen. 2. Males did not make smaller entrances to their nests when in the presence of predatory crabs, but they had larger entrances under low oxygen than in normal oxygen levels. 3. Males diverted time from ventilating nests to attacking crabs. 4. Thus, males exchanged direct care of the eggs for protection against predators by reducing their fanning activity, but not according to needs of their eggs for oxygenation. This trade-off may therefore impose a greater cost to egg survival for males in low oxygen.

Tolerance to low dissolved oxygen by the tubicolous polychaete Loimia medusa

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto J. Llanso ◽  
Robert J. Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Severe Hypoxia ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Tolerance and behaviour to hypoxia and anoxia by the annelid Loimia medusa (Savigny) (Polychaeta: Terebellidae), a common species in estuarine habitats where summer hypoxic events often occur, were examined in the laboratory. The worm can tolerate anoxia or severe hypoxia (7% air saturation at 26°C) for 3 to 5 d. Under low dissolved oxygen (<14% air saturation) feeding stops, although tube irrigation continues and periodic protrusions from the tube are common. Most worms come out to the sediment surface, but the number of worms dead on the surface is higher in anoxia than in hypoxia. The prevalence of L. medusa in deep estuarine channels may be partially explained by its tolerance to prolonged periods of hypoxia (14 d at 14% air saturation). Our data, however, suggest that subtle changes in oxygen concentrations may be important in the control of populations of L. medusa in habitats affected by low oxygen disturbances.

SOME EFFECTS OF OXYGEN IN RELATION TO TEMPERATURE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LAKE TROUT EMBRYOS

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Garside
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Developmental Rates ◽  
Delayed Hatching

Lake trout embryos were exposed to dissolved oxygen levels approximating 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, and 10.5 p.p.m. at each of four temperatures, 2.5 °C, 5.0 °C, 7.5 °C, and 10.0 °C, from fertilization to a late stage of development. The three low oxygen levels caused retardations in the developmental rates resulting in delayed hatching and lengthening of the hatching period, reduction of vitelline circulatory structures, and abnormalities of head and trunk. The low oxygen levels at 10 °C caused total mortality just prior to hatching. These results are discussed and compared with previous findings.

Mercury in the Surficial Sediments of Lake Erie

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Thomas ◽  
J.-M. Jaquet
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Central Basin ◽  
Surficial Sediments ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Eastern Basin ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Mercury Cell ◽  
Mercury Loading

In 259 samples of the topmost 3 cm of sediment taken from Lake Erie in 1971, total mercury values ranged from 8 to 2929 ppb [Formula: see text]. The highest levels were in the Western basin adjacent to the Detroit River, the rest of the lake showing increasing concentration from the coarser sediments of the Inshore Zone and cross-lake moraine sills out into the basin muds. A quartz correction was applied to compensate for texture and dilution by an inert constituent. The distribution of quartz-corrected mercury confirmed that the Detroit River is the predominant source of industrial mercury to the Western basin with subsequent transport across the Central basin to final sink in the Eastern basin. Further possible inputs were indicated from Erie, Pennsylvania and Buffalo, New York. Analysis of suspended sediment in the Detroit River showed no change in concentration between 1970 and 1974 with a mean 1974 level of 1060 ppb. Mercury loading was estimated at 7.2 m.t./yr to the sediments of the Western basin. A relationship was observed between total mercury and organic carbon, showing two distinct regressions: ’A’ with lower organic-bound mercury, is taken to represent the levels related to industrial and natural loadings existing prior to the introduction of mercury cell chlor-alkali plants; ’B’ applicable to highly contaminated sediments, is believed to be indicative of loadings derived from the chlor-alkali industry.

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