Two different farnesyl diphosphate synthase genes exist in the genome of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae

Genome ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 501-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Lei Zhang ◽  
Zheng-Xi Li
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Farnesyl Diphosphate ◽  
Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase ◽  
Gene Splicing ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
Splicing Pattern

Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPS; EC 2.5.1.1, 2.5.1.10) catalyzes biosynthesis of farnesyl diphosphate, which is important to insects as the precursor of juvenile hormone and the substrate for (E)-β-farnesene synthase. Here, two FPS cDNAs were isolated from the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (EU334430 and EU334431). Their shared identity within the coding region is ~82%. The deduced amino acid sequences of the two M. persicae FPS cDNAs have the highly conserved motifs characteristic of most known FPSs. Phylogenetic analyses showed that they are closely related to other insect FPSs. Homology modeling of structures suggested a very good fit between the three-dimensional structures of the two putative M. persicae FPSs (designated as MpFPS1 and MpFPS2) and the avian FPS crystal structure. The corresponding genomic DNA sequences were subsequently determined (EU429295 and EU429296). Sequence comparisons revealed a different splicing pattern between the two MpFPS genes. Furthermore, the two MpFPS genes exhibited a seemingly very primitive gene-splicing pattern at 5′ ends but a gene-splicing style similar to mammalian FPS genes at 3′ ends. These data, combined with results of Southern blotting, suggest that M. persicae contains two different FPS genes. This is the first report that two different FPS genes exist in a hemipteran insect.

scholarly journals Cloning and analysis of the esterase genes conferring insecticide resistance in the peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer)

1993 ◽  
Vol 294 (2) ◽  
pp. 569-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
L M Field ◽  
M S Williamson ◽  
G D Moores ◽  
A L Devonshire
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Peach Potato Aphid

Full-length cDNA clones encoding the esterases (E4 and FE4) that confer insecticide resistance in the peach-potato aphid [Myzus persicae (Sulzer)] were isolated and characterized. The E4 cDNA contained an open reading frame of 1656 nucleotides, coding for a protein of 552 amino acids. The FE4 cDNA shared 99% identity with E4 over this region, the most important difference being a single nucleotide substitution resulting in the FE4 mRNA having an extra 36 nucleotides at the 3′ end. The derived amino acid sequences for the N-terminus of E4 and FE4 were identical, with the first 23 residues being characteristic of a signal peptide and the next 40 residues being an exact match to the N-terminal sequence determined by Edman degradation of both purified proteins. The predicted molecular masses of 58.8 and 60.2 kDa for the E4 and FE4 polypeptides were consistent with those previously observed by in vitro translation of mRNA. Five potential N-linked glycosylation sites were present in both polypeptides, in accordance with earlier evidence that the native esterases are glycoproteins. Comparison of the aphid esterase protein sequences with other serine hydrolases provided evidence that their activity involves a charge-relay system with a catalytic triad the same as that found in acetylcholinesterase. Restriction mapping and sequencing of cloned genomic DNA showed that the E4 gene is spread over 4.3 kb with six introns and that the previously reported differences between the 3′ ends of the E4 and FE4 genes result from single nucleotide substitutions and not gross differences in the DNA sequences.

scholarly journals Cloning and Expression Analysis of a Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase (FPPS) Gene from Chamaemelum nobile

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Meng LIU ◽  
Ting-Ting TAO ◽  
Xiang-Xiang MENG ◽  
Wei-Wei ZHANG ◽  
Jie CHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Binding Pocket ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Farnesyl Diphosphate ◽  
Cloning And Expression ◽  
Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Chamaemelum Nobile ◽  
Multiple Alignment Analysis

Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS), an isopentenyl transferase, catalyzes the condensation reaction of five carbon isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) to form fifteen carbon farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), which is the key precursor for sesquiterpene biosynthesis. In this study, a FPPS gene (CnFPPS) was cloned from Chamaemelum nobile. The full-length cDNA of CnFPPS is 1239 bp and contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 1029 bp encoding 342 amino acids. The theoretical molecular weight and pI of the CnFPPS protein are 39.38 kDa and 5.59, respectively. Multiple alignment analysis showed the protein sequence of CnFPPS had a high homology with FPPS proteins from other plants. The deduced amino acid of CnFPPS contained five conservative domains such as substrate binding pocket, substrate-Mg2+ binding site, catalytic site, aspartate-rich region 1 and 2, suggesting CnFPPS is one member of FPPS family in C. nobile. Phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequences of FPPSs showed that CnFPPS was closely related to the FPPS of Matricaria chamomilla. The result of qRT-PCR revealed that CnFPPS gene was constitutively expressed in different tissues of C. nobile, with the highest expression in the root. These findings improve the understanding of the synthesis and regulation of the terpenoid compounds at the molecular level and lay a foundation for studying the regulatory functions of CnFPPS in terpenoid biosynthetic pathway in C. nobile.

scholarly journals A short guide to phylogeny reconstruction

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 442-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Michu
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Anatomical Characters

This review is a short introduction to phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic analysis allows comprehensive understanding of the origin and evolution of species. Generally, it is possible to construct the phylogenetic trees according to different features and characters (e.g. morphological and anatomical characters, RAPD patterns, FISH patterns, sequences of DNA/RNA and amino acid sequences). The DNA sequences are preferable for phylogenetic analyses of closely related species. On the other hand, the amino acid sequences are used for phylogenetic analyses of more distant relationships. The sequences can be analysed using many computer programs. The methods most often used for phylogenetic analyses are neighbor-joining (NJ), maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference.

scholarly journals Three novel canine papillomaviruses support taxonomic clade formation

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 2615-2621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian E. Lange ◽  
Kurt Tobler ◽  
Mathias Ackermann ◽  
Lucia Panakova ◽  
Keith L. Thoday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Sequence Alignments ◽  
Conserved Sequence ◽  
Whole Genomes ◽  
Sequence Elements ◽  
Sequence Similarities

More than 100 human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been identified and had their whole genomes sequenced. Most of these HPVs can be classified into three distinct genera, the alpha-, beta- and gamma-papillomaviruses (PVs). Of note, only one or a small number of PVs have been identified for each individual animal species. However, four canine PVs (CPVs) (COPV, CPV2, CPV3 and CPV4) have been described and their entire genomic sequences have been published. Based on their sequence similarities, they belong to three distinct clades. In the present study, circular viral DNA was amplified from three dogs showing signs of pigmented plaques, endophytic papilloma or in situ squamous cell carcinoma. Analysis of the DNA sequences suggested that these are three novel viruses (CPV5, CPV6 and CPV7) whose genomes comprise all the conserved sequence elements of known PVs. The genomes of these seven CPVs were compared in order properly classify them. Interestingly, phylogenetic analyses, as well as pairwise sequence alignments of the putative amino acid sequences, revealed that CPV5 grouped well with CPV3 and CPV4, whereas CPV7 grouped with CPV2 but neither group fitted with other classified PVs. However, CPV6 grouped with COPV, a lambda-PV. Based on this evidence, allocation of CPVs into three distinct clades could therefore be supported. Thus, similar to HPVs, it might be that the known and currently unknown CPVs are related and form just a few clades or genera.

Spatiotemporal expression profiling of the farnesyl diphosphate synthase genes in aphids and analysis of their associations with the biosynthesis of alarm pheromone

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-J. Cheng ◽  
Z.-X. Li
Keyword(s):  
Alarm Pheromone ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Farnesyl Diphosphate ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Spatiotemporal Expression ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aphid Alarm Pheromone

AbstractThe alarm behavior plays a key role in the ecology of aphids, but the site and molecular mechanism for the biosynthesis of aphid alarm pheromone are largely unknown. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS) catalyzes the synthesis of FPP, providing the precursor for the alarm pheromone (E)-β-farnesene (EβF), and we speculate that FPPS is closely associated with the biosynthetic pathway of EβF. We firstly analyzed the spatiotemporal expression of FPPS genes by using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, showing that they were expressed uninterruptedly from the embryonic stage to adult stage, with an obvious increasing trend from embryo to 4th-instar in the green peach aphid Myzus persicae, but FPPS1 had an overall significantly higher expression level than FPPS2; both FPPS1 and FPPS2 exhibited the highest expression in the cornicle area. This expression pattern was verified in Acyrthosiphon pisum, suggesting that FPPS1 may play a more important role in aphids and the cornicle area is most likely the site for EβF biosynthesis. We thus conducted a quantitative measurement of EβF in M. persicae by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The data obtained were used to perform an association analysis with the expression data, revealing that the content of EβF per aphid was significantly correlated with the mean weight per aphid (r = 0.8534, P = 0.0307) and the expression level of FPPS1 (r = 0.9134, P = 0.0109), but not with that of FPPS2 (r = 0.4113, P = 0.4179); the concentration of EβF per milligram of aphid was not correlated with the mean weight per aphid or the expression level of FPPS genes. These data suggest that FPPS1 may play a key role in the biosynthesis of aphid alarm pheromone.

scholarly journals Endophytic Colonization of Pepper (Capsicum annum) Controls Aphids (Myzus persicae Sulzer)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spiridon Mantzoukas ◽  
Ioannis Lagogiannis
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Local Alignment ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Insect Repellents ◽  
Endophytic Colonization ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens

Aphids are among the most harmful crop pests, damaging plants by sucking sap or by transmitting pathogenic viruses. Plant infestation by aphids depends on their population growth. Entomopathogenic fungi are essential participants of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, regulating arthropod communities. Many fungal species with a symbiotic–endophytic relation with plants are pathogenic, producing insecticides or insect repellents. The present study investigated the effects of the fungal entomopathogens Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea, following their endophytic colonization of the sweet pepper Capsicum annum, on the development of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae. After 21 days, B. bassiana produced 100% aphid mortality, M. anisopliae 90% and I. fumosorosea 83.3%. There were also significant differences in terms of the effect on aphid population in planta and on the survival time of young adults in planta. External mycelium appeared within 96 h after placing aphid cadavers on damp filter paper. PCR confirmed that the mycelium was of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae and I. fumosorosea. DNA sequences collected from this work were matched with existing sequences data in GenBank, using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool. Our results showed that none of the three fungal isolates had an effect in promoting or suppressing the growth of C. annum.

Green peach aphid and potato leafroll virus: transmission and control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Bagrov ◽  
◽  
V.I. Leunov
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Potato Leafroll Virus ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Potato Viruses ◽  
Tuber Necrosis ◽  
Aphid Vectors ◽  
Leafroll Virus ◽  
And Control

The mechanisms of transmission of potato viruses from plants to aphid vectors and from aphids to uninfected plants are described, including the example of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae, GPA). Factors affecting the spreading of tuber necrosis and its manifestation on plants infected with potato leafroll virus (PLRV) are discussed. Recommendations for PLRV and GPA control in the field are given.

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