The development of codominant PCR/RFLP based markers for the flax rust-resistance alleles at the L locus

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Hausner ◽  
K Y Rashid ◽  
E O Kenaschuk ◽  
J D Procunier
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Pcr Markers ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Primer Sets

The flax L locus exists as a single gene with at least 13 alleles with different rust-resistance specificities. With regards to resistance to North American races of flax rust the L2, L6, and L11 alleles are of major importance. Molecular markers have been developed by screening primer sets, whose sequences were based on the nucleotide sequence of L6, for their ability to amplify segments of the L gene. One primer combination was found to amplify only the L6 or L11 alleles and another primer set was found to amplify the 3' end of all important L alleles. The latter primer set yielded a 1.3 kb fragment which upon digestion with the endonuclease MboI generated RFLP patterns unique to L2, L6, L9, and L11. The application of PCR markers to a set of 22 cultivars, comprised of deregistered, recent, and yet to be released cultivars verifies genetic studies done by previous workers and demonstrates the usefulness of the markers for following segregation of L alleles in crosses amongst wide or narrow selections of cultivars. Overall, the results confirmed that L6 is present in many Canadian flax cultivars. However, in several recently-released flax cultivars that have rust resistance conditioned by genes at other loci, the L9 allele was detected. These molecular markers will be useful in marker-assisted selection and the introduction of new genes for rust resistance in the flax breeding programs.Key words: flax rust, PCR/RFLP marker, marker-assisted selection.

scholarly journals Different molecular markers to identify the fertility of sugar beet monogerm germplasm resources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoqi Shi ◽  
Zhi Pi ◽  
Zedong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Enzyme Digestion ◽  
Germplasm Resources ◽  
Single Nucleotide

Abstract Experiments were conducted to validate different molecular markers associated with sugar beet breeding using available sugar beet monogerm germplasm resources to explore their effectiveness in different sugar beet populations. We used multiple primer pairs to amplify sugar beet monogerm sterile and maintainer lines in order to verify their polymorphism. For the nucleus Rf1 locus genotype enzyme digestion was also required to verify. The results showed that three pairs of primers, TR1, s17 and 11E8M4S, produced polymorphism when amplifying sugar beet sterile and maintainer lines; primers o7 and AB-18, although polymorphic, did not correlate significantly with sugar beet fertility; primer cpSSR-2 did not produce significant band differences when amplifying sterile and maintainer lines, however, the number of single nucleotide sequence repeats of base A needed to be further verified as a basis for differentiating sugar beet fertility. The polymorphism of 15 pairs of primers related to sugar beet fertility identification was verified and TR1, s17 and 11E8M4S could be used to differentiate sugar beet sterile lines from the maintainer lines and used for subsequent Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS).

scholarly journals Selection of powdery mildew resistant and susceptible grapevine genotypes with molecular markers

2007 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Stella Molnár ◽  
Zsuzsanna Galbács ◽  
Gábor Halász ◽  
Sarolta Hoffmann ◽  
Anikó Veres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Muscadinia Rotundifolia ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Grape Breeding

Incorporation of competitive quality and resistance against the most important fungal diseases (powdery and downy mildew) in a cultivar is one of the most important aims of grapevine breeding. In the 20th century, the most advanced results in grapevine resistance breeding were achieved by French researchers. They used resistant cultivars in more than 30% of their growing areas. In these varieties, North American wild Vitisspecies were the resistance gene sources. The discovery of immunity-like resistance of Muscadinia rotundifolia opened new perspectives in resistance breeding. M. rotundifolia harbours a dominant powdery mildew gene, providing resistance in highquality cultivars after back-crosses with V. vinifera varieties. M. rotundifolia has been involved in the Hungarian grape breeding programs since 1996, thanks to a French-Hungarian variety exchange. In addition to traditional selection methods, application of MAS (Marker Assisted Selection) based on various types ofmolecular markers, can provide additional tools for these efforts. Run1 locus, responsible for powdery mildew resistance, was identified in Muscadinia rotundifolia. Molecular markers closely linked to this locus are very significant in screening progenies deriving from M. rotundifolia and V. vinifera crosses, making possible the discrimination between resistant and susceptible genotypes at DNA level. In our analyses BC5 progeny of {(M. rotundifola×V. vinifera) BC4}×Cardinal (V. vinifera) tested for powdery symptoms were analysed with PCR-RFLP (GLP1- 12P1P3) and microsatellite markers (VMC4f3.1, VMC8g9). Our results proved the applicability of the linked markers and reliability of marker assisted selection.

scholarly journals Sources of Stem Rust Resistance in Wheat-Alien Introgression Lines

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbubjon Rahmatov ◽  
Matthew N. Rouse ◽  
Brian J. Steffenson ◽  
Staffan C. Andersson ◽  
Ruth Wanyera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Introgression Lines ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Alien Introgression ◽  
New Genes

Stem rust is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat. Widely virulent races of the pathogen in the Ug99 lineage (e.g., TTKSK) are threatening wheat production worldwide; therefore, there is an urgent need to enhance the diversity of resistance genes in the crop. The objectives of this study were to identify new sources of resistance in wheat-alien introgression derivatives from Secale cereale, Leymus mollis, L. racemosus, and Thinopyrum junceiforme, postulate genes conferring the resistance, and verify the postulated genes by use of molecular markers. From seedling tests conducted in the greenhouse, the presence of seven known stem rust resistance genes (Sr7b, Sr8a, Sr9d, Sr10, Sr31, Sr36, and SrSatu) was postulated in the wheat-alien introgression lines. More lines possessed a high level of resistance in the field compared with the number of lines that were resistant at the seedling stage. Three 2R (2D) wheat-rye substitution lines (SLU210, SLU238, and SLU239) seemed likely to possess new genes for resistance to stem rust based on their resistance pattern to 13 different stem rust races but the genes responsible could not be identified. Wheat-rye, wheat-L. racemosus, and wheat-L. mollis substitutions or translocations with single and multiple interchanges of chromosomes, in particular of the B and D chromosomes of wheat, were verified by a combination of genomic in situ hybridization and molecular markers. Thus, the present study identified novel resistance genes originating from different alien introgressions into the wheat genome of the evaluated lines. Such genes may prove useful in enhancing the diversity of stem rust resistance in wheat against widely virulent pathogen races such as those in the Ug99 lineage.

Molecular markers for the identification of resistance genes and marker-assisted selection in breeding wheat for leaf rust resistance

Euphytica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 170 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyula Vida ◽  
Mariann Gál ◽  
Andrea Uhrin ◽  
Ottó Veisz ◽  
Naeem Hasan Syed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance

Chromosome location and allele-specific PCR markers for marker-assisted selection of the oat crown rust resistance gene Pc91

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Gnanesh ◽  
J. Mitchell Fetch ◽  
J. G. Menzies ◽  
A. D. Beattie ◽  
P. E. Eckstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Chromosome Location ◽  
Pcr Markers ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Oat Crown Rust ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Allele Specific Pcr ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Development of DNA Markers From Physically Mapped Loci in Aegilops comosa and Aegilops umbellulata Using Single-Gene FISH and Chromosome Sequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Said ◽  
Katerina Holušová ◽  
András Farkas ◽  
László Ivanizs ◽  
Eszter Gaál ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Cross Hybridization ◽  
Aegilops Umbellulata ◽  
Aegilops Comosa ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Chromosome Addition Lines

Breeding of agricultural crops adapted to climate change and resistant to diseases and pests is hindered by a limited gene pool because of domestication and thousands of years of human selection. One way to increase genetic variation is chromosome-mediated gene transfer from wild relatives by cross hybridization. In the case of wheat (Triticum aestivum), the species of genus Aegilops are a particularly attractive source of new genes and alleles. However, during the evolution of the Aegilops and Triticum genera, diversification of the D-genome lineage resulted in the formation of diploid C, M, and U genomes of Aegilops. The extent of structural genome alterations, which accompanied their evolution and speciation, and the shortage of molecular tools to detect Aegilops chromatin hamper gene transfer into wheat. To investigate the chromosome structure and help develop molecular markers with a known physical position that could improve the efficiency of the selection of desired introgressions, we developed single-gene fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) maps for M- and U-genome progenitors, Aegilops comosa and Aegilops umbellulata, respectively. Forty-three ortholog genes were located on 47 loci in Ae. comosa and on 52 loci in Ae. umbellulata using wheat cDNA probes. The results obtained showed that M-genome chromosomes preserved collinearity with those of wheat, excluding 2 and 6M containing an intrachromosomal rearrangement and paracentric inversion of 6ML, respectively. While Ae. umbellulata chromosomes 1, 3, and 5U maintained collinearity with wheat, structural reorganizations in 2, 4, 6, and 7U suggested a similarity with the C genome of Aegilops markgrafii. To develop molecular markers with exact physical positions on chromosomes of Aegilops, the single-gene FISH data were validated in silico using DNA sequence assemblies from flow-sorted M- and U-genome chromosomes. The sequence similarity search of cDNA sequences confirmed 44 out of the 47 single-gene loci in Ae. comosa and 40 of the 52 map positions in Ae. umbellulata. Polymorphic regions, thus, identified enabled the development of molecular markers, which were PCR validated using wheat-Aegilops disomic chromosome addition lines. The single-gene FISH-based approach allowed the development of PCR markers specific for cytogenetically mapped positions on Aegilops chromosomes, substituting as yet unavailable segregating map. The new knowledge and resources will support the efforts for the introgression of Aegilops genes into wheat and their cloning.

Leaf rust resistance of some European varieties of wheat

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bartoš ◽  
D. J. Samborski ◽  
P. L. Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
The World

Twenty-one European wheat varieties from the World Wheat Assortment in Prague-Ruzynĕ (Czechoslovakia) that were resistant to leaf rust were tested with Canadian leaf rust races 1, 5, 9, 11, 15, 30, 58, and 126. The patterns of rust reaction and genetic studies on representative varieties suggest that the varieties Belocerkovskaja 198, Bezostaja 1, Mironovskaja 264, Mironovskaja 808, Osetinskaja 3, Rannaja 12, Skorospelka 3b, Fertödi 293, and Sládkovičovo K 1004 have gene Lr3, the variety Halle 9H39 has gene Lr1, the varieties Erythrospermum 142, 953, and 974 I.Z.R. have genes Lr1 and Lr3, and the variety Etoile de Choisy gene Lr16. The other varieties tested (Flevina, Sambo, Stabil, Uhčetice 22/IV, and 22/V) have reactions that are different from any of those of the single gene lines tested. The varieties Weique and Salzmünder Bartweizen were resistant to all races tested.

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