THE EFFECT OF NUTRIENTS AND ENVIRONMENT ON SYNNEMATA FORMATION OF STILBELLA THERMOPHILA

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Al-Hassan ◽  
C. L. Fergus
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
The Media ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Exogenous Supply

Stilbella thermophila Fergus was grown on a chemically denned medium of D-glucose, KNO3, MgSO4, KH2PO4, agar, and microelements to determine the effect of environment and nutrition on growth and synnemata production. An exogenous supply of thiamine stimulated growth markedly on pyridine-purified agar, but both thiamine and biotin were required for synnemata to form. Pyrimidine was the effective moiety, not thiazole. S. thermophila grew on a large number of carbon and nitrogen compounds substituted singly into the basal medium, but synnemata formed on less than half of such media. Sucrose did not inhibit synnemata formation with glucose present, but no synnemata formed with sucrose in the medium even with a number of different nitrogen sources. Synnemata production followed chance mold contamination on a few of the media that normally did not allow their production. The carbon–nitrogen ratio significantly affected synnemata formation. So did pH, concentration of phosphate buffer, and temperature. At suboptimal temperatures, reduced synnemata, or only loose bundles of conidiophores, formed. Light was not required for synnemata initiation nor for maturation. Synnemata formation occurred over a narrower range of temperature, pH, vitamin concentration, nutrient concentration, and nutrient spectrum (carbon and nitrogen sources) than did mycelial growth.

scholarly journals Nutritional Requirements for the Improvement of Growth and Sporulation of Several Strains ofMonascus purpureuson Solid State Cultivation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Ajdari ◽  
Afshin Ebrahimpour ◽  
Musaalbakri Abdul Manan ◽  
Muhajir Hamid ◽  
Rosfarizan Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Medium Optimization ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
The Media ◽  
Sporulation Rate

This paper describes the nutritional requirements for the improvement of growth and sporulation of several strains ofMonascus purpureuson solid state cultivation. The findings revealed that glucose enhanced growth of allM. purpureusstrains tested but inhibited the sporulation rate. On the other hand, sucrose induced sporulation but inhibited production of cell mass. A combination of glucose and sucrose greatly enhanced sporulation and cell mass production ofM. purpureus. Although growth and sporulation rate were related to the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N ratio), the types and concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources also greatly influenced the growth kinetics. Among the media tested, Hiroi-PDA medium was the most preferred medium for allM. purpureusstrains tested for the enhancement of radial growth rate, sporulation, and cell production. Hence, Hiroi-PDA could be suggested as the generic basal medium for the cultivation ofM. purpureus. However, individual medium optimization is required for significant enhancement in growth and sporulation of each strain ofM. purpureus.

Effect of carbon, nitrogen and physico-chemical factors on patulin production in Penicillium expansum

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Aouatef Mansouri Mansouri ◽  
Miloud Elkarbane ◽  
Mohamed Ben Aziz ◽  
Hasna Nait M’Barek ◽  
Majida Hafidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

Environmental and nutritional factors play important roles in regulating production of mycotoxins. Few studies have been reported on the biosynthesis of patulin mycotoxin and the mechanisms that involve its biosynthesis in Penicillium expansum. Here, we investigated the effects of two culture media, pH, temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources and effect of carbon/nitrogen ratio on mycotoxin biosynthesis by P. expansum isolated from Moroccan cereals. It was found that pH and temperature had great influence on patulin production. Results also showed that carbon and nitrogen sources influ-enced patulin biosynthesis significantly in this strain. L-glutamate was optimized as important nitrogen source in synthetic culture medium. Effect of carbon/nitrogen ratio was evaluated which indicated the dependence of patulin production on this ratio. These results will provide useful information to better understand the regulatory mechanisms of patulin biosynthesis, and be helpful in developing effective means for controlling a mycotoxin contam-ination of foods and feeds.

Biological Characteristics for Mycelial Growth of Agaricus bisporus

2014 ◽  
Vol 508 ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ma ◽  
Chu Yu Guan ◽  
Xian Jun Meng
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
White Button Mushrooms

The biological characteristics of Agaricus bisporus mycelia were reported in this study. Biological characteristics of mycelium growth, including carbon source, nitrogen source, carbon-nitrogen ratio, temperature, pH and growth regulators, were investigated. The results indicated that the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources for mycelial growth were glucose and yeast extract fermentation, respectively. The optimum carbon-nitrogen ratio of culture was 20:1～30:1; the optimum temperature was 22～24°C and the optimum pH was 7.0～7.5. Analysis of growth regulators revealed that VC and VB1 were essential in promoting the mycelial growth of white button mushrooms.

scholarly journals Effects of carbon and nitrogen sources on production of proteases by Bacillus subtilis IC-5

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-292
Author(s):  
Sereen Gul ◽  
Mujeeb Ur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Ajmal ◽  
Abdul Kabir Khan Achakzai ◽  
Asim Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Neutral Protease ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

The effects of various carbon and nitrogen sources were evaluated on production of proteases by Bacillus subtilis IC-5. Both type and concentration of carbon and nitrogen sources influenced the production of proteases. Among the carbon sources glucose was found to be the most effective. It gave maximum production at 2% w/v concentration i.e., 1875 and 950 U/ml, alkaline and neutral protease, respectively. The response of Bacillus subtilis IC-5 towards synthesis and excretion of enzymes varied with the type of nitrogen sources. The addition of organic nitrogen sources to basal medium repressed the synthesis of proteases while the addition of inorganic nitrogen source such as sodium nitrate was found to be the best stimulating for alkaline and neutral protease synthesis. Sodium nitrate enhanced the production up to 62.40 and 10.52% of alkaline and neutral protease, respectively against w.r.t. control.

scholarly journals Development of a Semiselective Medium for Detection of Nalanthamala psidii, Causal Agent of Wilt of Guava

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 1132-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Hong ◽  
H. Y. Hsieh ◽  
C. T. Chen ◽  
H. C. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Aerial Hyphae ◽  
Important Disease

Guava wilt, caused by Nalanthamala psidii, has become an important disease of guava (Psidium guajava) in Taiwan since the 1970s. This study was conducted to develop a semiselective medium for detecting N. psidii in soil and in tissues of diseased guava trees. Among 9 carbon and 21 nitrogen compounds tested in a modified Czapek-Dox medium, the most effective carbon and nitrogen sources for mycelial growth of N. psidii were sucrose and glycine, respectively. Among eight fungicides tested, iprodione at 5 μg ml–1 and azoxystrobin at 1 μg ml–1 were the most effective fungicides for detection of N. psidii in artificially infested soil or in naturally infected guava debris. Based on the requirement for carbon and nitrogen sources and response to fungicides, a semiselective medium designated as modified sucrose-glycine semiselective medium (mSGSSM) was developed for isolation of N. psidii, using the modified Czapek-Dox medium containing 3% sucrose, 0.3% glycine, iprodione at 5 μg ml–1, azoxystrobin at 1 μg ml–1, streptomycin at 200 μg ml–1, and neomycin at 200 μg ml–1. Colonies of N. psidii on mSGSSM at 30°C for 5 to 10 days were white to orange with sparse aerial hyphae. N. psidii was detected more accurately and efficiently on mSGSSM than on other media, including potato dextrose agar, modified Nash-Snyder medium, and modified Czapek-Dox medium. This semiselective medium is effective in detection of N. psidii from various parts of diseased guava trees and in soil; therefore, it would be a useful medium for etiological, ecological, and epidemiological studies of guava wilt.

PROTEINASE BIOSYNTHESIS BY STREPTOCOCCUS LIQUEFACIENS: I. THE EFFECT OF CARBON AND NITROGEN SOURCES, pH, AND INHIBITORS

1956 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 747-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Rabin ◽  
Leonard N. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Some nutritive aspects of proteinase biosynthesis by non-proliferating cells of Streptococcus liquefaciens, strain 31, were investigated by substituting constituents in a basal medium containing casein, lactose, purines, pyrimidines, vitamins, and salts. The casein of the medium could be replaced by a mixture of 12 "essential" amino acids (glutamic acid, histidine, valine, serine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, arginine, cystine, lysine, tryptophane, and threonine), thus demonstrating that proteinase synthesis can occur in a medium devoid of protein. Proteinase biosynthesis appeared to depend upon an inordinately high concentration of arginine, required a fermentable carbohydrate, and occurred optimally at pH 6.3. Sodium fluoride and iodoacetate did not inhibit the proteinase activity but radically curbed its synthesis.

scholarly journals Regulation of Glutamate Dehydrogenases in Neurospora Crassa as a Response to Carbohydrates and Amino Acids in the Media

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 905 ◽  
Author(s):  
WN Strickland
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
The Media ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations ◽  
Amino Acid Accumulation

Mycelial pads of N. crassa grown for 48 hr in minimal medium were harvested, washed, and transferred to test media containing a variety of carbon and nitrogen sources. When some amino acids served as the sole carbon source, NAD-GDH was induced and the activity of NADP-GDH declined. Addition of sucrose depressed or prevented induction of NAD-GDH while NADP�GDH activity was maintained. Internal amino acid concentrations increased when mycelial pads were incubated in amino acids that induced NAD-GDH, but these accumulated amino acids were only oxidized in the absence of sucrose. The rate of amino acid accumulation decreased if sucrose was present in the media.

scholarly journals Influence of Carbon - Nitrogen Supplements and pH on Growth of Sugarcane Stem rot Pathogen Fusarium Solani NVS671

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Prittesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
N Sources ◽  
Sugarcane Stem

Fusarium solani NVS671 identified from infected sugarcane stem of Co 671 as a new pathogen was subjected to various cultural conditions to understand its physiological profile. In continuation with our previous work, cultural analysis was carried out under in vitro condition by supplementing various carbon and nitrogen sources in Czapek-Dox agar (CDA). Under different hydrogen ion concentrations, it was found that the growth of Fusarium solaniNVS671 was less at pH 4 and pH 10 and could reach up to 5 cm after 7 days of incubation on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). It is observed that the pH around 7 to 8 was optimum for the growth of F. solani. Ten different nitrogenous (N) sources and nine different carbon sources were tested on CDA medium to know their effect on the mycelial growth rate and characteristics of the fungus. Among the N sources evaluated, ammonium chloride (7.96±0.11 cm) was found to be most efficient for mycelial growth promotion followed by ammonium nitrate (7.7±0.1 cm) and ammonium sulphate (7.3±0.1 cm). The most preferred carbon source recorded to promote best radial mycelial growth was starch (7.96±0.05 cm) and sucrose (7.93±0.05 cm). Capabilities of using different carbon and nitrogen sources and ability to grow at different pH levels may allow species to adapt to specific soil conditions.This study is important to understand the physiology and metabolite preference of F. solani.

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