Effect of the dispersant Corexit 9527 on the microbial degradation of Prudhoe Bay oil

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Foght ◽  
D. W. S. Westlake
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
Alkane Degradation ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Aromatic Fraction ◽  
Substrate Degradation ◽  
Selective Sensitivity ◽  
Prudhoe Bay

A marine oil-degrading population grown at 8 °C showed a selective sensitivity regarding utilization of compounds in Prudhoe Bay oil in the presence of the dispersant Corexit 9527. The response was dependent on the nitrogen and phosphate levels of the medium and on the concentration of dispersant used. In the presence of a nitrogen–phosphate solution and a Corexit 9527 – crude oil substrate, degradation of the n-alkanes of the saturate fraction was temporarily retarded in proportion to the concentration of Corexit 9527 present. This retardation was overcome with extended incubation time. In the absence of nitrogen–phosphate supplementation, the effect of Corexit 9527 was pronounced, retarding n-alkane degradation even with extended incubation time. Corexit 9527 had less effect on the degradation of the aromatic fraction and may indeed be stimulatory in the case of select compounds. The development and testing of dispersants containing nitrogen and phosphate is recommended.

Effect of the dispersant Corexit 9527 on the microbial degradation of sulfur heterocycles in Prudhoe Bay oil

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Foght ◽  
P. M. Fedorak ◽  
D. W. S. Westlake
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Capillary Gas Chromatography ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Nutrient Supplementation ◽  
Sulfur Heterocycles ◽  
Prudhoe Bay ◽  
Specific Detector

Samples from a previous study observing the effects of Corexit 9527 on microbial degradation of aromatics and saturates in crude oil were reanalyzed by capillary gas chromatography with a sulfur-specific detector. The results show an inhibitory effect on degradation of sulfur heterocycles (such as benzothiophenes and dibenzothiophenes), dependent upon dispersant concentration and nutrient supplementation.

Selective degradation of biphenyl and methylbiphenyls in crude oil by two strains of marine bacteria

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Fedorak ◽  
D. W. S. Westlake
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Aromatic Fraction ◽  
Selective Degradation ◽  
Prudhoe Bay

Bacterial isolates were obtained from marine sediment and water enrichment cultures which had been maintained for 3 years by monthly transfers on artificial seawater with Prudhoe Bay crude oil as the sole carbon source. Capillary gas chromatographic analyses showed that two isolates selectively degraded only biphenyl, 3-methylbiphenyl, 4-methylbiphenyl, and three other minor, unidentified compounds in the aromatic fraction. No degradation was detected in the saturate fraction, nor in the sulfur heterocyclic component of the oil. When grown on any of the pure biphenyls, these isolates produced a transient, yellow intermediate which had the spectrophotometric characteristics of α-hydroxymuconic semialdehydes. Growth on either methylbiphenyl compound produced a methylbenzoic acid, indicating that the nonmethylated ring was the first to be cleaved. The isolates, identified as Alcaligenes sp. and Acinetobacter sp., were also able to grow on benzoic acid, 3-, and 4-methylbenzoic acids, indicating that they could further metabolize the aromatic acid intermediates.

BIODEGRADATION OF A CHEMICALLY DISPERSED CRUDE OIL

1981 ◽  
Vol 1981 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Cretney ◽  
R. W. Macdonald ◽  
C. S. Wong ◽  
D. R. Green ◽  
B. Whitehouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Alkane Degradation ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Oil Fraction ◽  
Prudhoe Bay ◽  
Indigenous Microflora

ABSTRACT The n-alkane fraction of Prudhoe Bay crude oil dispersed with Corexit 9527 disappeared rapidly from the water column directly beneath a seawater surface slick contained by an enclosure. Biodegradation appeared to be more important than nonbiological volatilization or photooxidation processes. Extracellular polysaccharides, synthesized by floc-forming bacteria, accumulated in the water column of the enclosures during n-alkane degradation. The study demonstrates the possible usefulness of Corexit 9527 in accelerating the conversion of this crude oil fraction by the indigenous microflora of coastal marine waters.

scholarly journals CRUDE OIL BIOREMEDIATION BY INDIGENOUS BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM OILY SLUDGE

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (11-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hafizah Azizan ◽  
Kasing Ak Apun ◽  
Lesley Maurice Bilung ◽  
Micky Vincent ◽  
Hairul Azman Roslan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Oily Sludge ◽  
Minimal Salt Medium ◽  
Alkane Degradation ◽  
Growth Study ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Enrichment culture technique leads to the discovery of six presumptive TPH-degrading bacteria. Identification and characterization tests using morphological, biochemical and molecular techniques have successfully isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa (UMAS1PF), Serratia marcescens (UMAS2SF) and Klebsiella spp. (UMAS3KF). All strains were able to use crude oil as sole carbon and energy source for their growth since they were able to survive in Minimal Salt medium supplemented with 1% (v/v) crude oil. Growth study showed that they produced the highest cell counts on the third or fourth day by 108 – 1011 CFU/ml. Six artificial consortium inoculums have been produced from the growth study. Gas chromatography analysis showed that all isolates had the ability to degrade aliphatic hydrocarbon with 100% degradation of nC19 – C24. Among the isolates, UMAS2SF was the best and fastest n-alkane degrader with degradation percentage between 55 – 90% of n-C14 – C18 in 14 days. This was followed by UMAS1PF and UMAS3KF with 11 – 82% and 1.3% degradation, respectively. Enhancement study showed that plot with inoculum and NPK addition successfully enhanced n-alkane degradation. Plot A2:B3+NPK degraded n-alkane the fastest followed by plot treated by C+NPK, A1:B2, B+NPK and A2:B3. Result showed that UMAS1PF was the best PAHs degrader as most of the high molecular weight PAHs was degraded. In the enhancement study, the plot amended with A2:B3 showed the highest PAHs degradation, followed by plots A1:B2, A3:B1:C2 and A1:C3 that was assigned as the third, fourth and fifth best in mineralizing PAHs, respectively.

Alaskan Transportation: An Overview of Some Aspects of Transporting Alaskan Crude Oil

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 211-224
Author(s):  
Stanley Factor ◽  
Sandra J. Grove
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
The North ◽  
Prudhoe Bay ◽  
Design Construction ◽  
Commercial Oil

The first commercial oil well in Alaska was drilled in 1901, but it was in 1968 that Alaska was thrust into prominence as an oil producer with the discovery of the Prudhoe Bay field, the largest oil field ever found in the United States. This paper briefly explores the transportation-related aspects of the design, construction, and operation of the pipeline and support facilities. The pipeline terminates at Port Valdez on Prince William Sound. It is from here that the second leg of the journey to the energy-hungry lower 48 states begins. A thoroughly modern and unique marine transportation system is being utilized to transport approximately 1.2 million barrels (191 000 m3) per day of Alaskan crude oil to West and Gulf Coast refineries. The Valdez Terminal, the pipeline, the North Slope supply, and vessel particulars and operations are discussed; in addition, environmental and legal problems are outlined.

Mandelic acid-derived organogelators: applications of their solid form in rapid and efficient remediation of marine oil spills

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Ran Dai ◽  
Helue Sun ◽  
Yuteng Zhang ◽  
Di Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Mandelic Acid ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Marine Oil Spills ◽  
Solid Form

Phase-selective gelation of crude oil in gelator solid form was achieved using a mandelic acid-derived organogelator for the instant and efficient remediation of marine oil spills.

scholarly journals Marine Oil Spill Detection Based on the Comprehensive Use of Polarimetric SAR Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Li ◽  
Yuanzhi Zhang ◽  
Zifeng Yuan ◽  
Huaqiu Guo ◽  
Hongyuan Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Polarimetric Sar ◽  
Classification Result ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Oil Spill Detection ◽  
Biogenic Slicks

As a major marine pollution source, oil spills largely threaten the sustainability of the coastal environment. Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar remote sensing has become a promising approach for marine oil spill detection since it could effectively separate crude oil and biogenic look-alikes. However, on the sea surface, the signal to noise ratio of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) backscatter is usually low, especially for cross-polarized channels. In practice, it is necessary to combine the refined detail of slick-sea boundary derived from the co-polarized channel and the highly accurate crude slick/look-alike classification result obtained based on the polarimetric information. In this paper, the architecture for oil spill detection based on polarimetric SAR is proposed and analyzed. The performance of different polarimetric SAR filters for oil spill classification are compared. Polarimetric SAR features are extracted and taken as the input of Staked Auto Encoder (SAE) to achieve high accurate classification between crude oil, biogenic slicks, and clean sea surface. A post-processing method is proposed to combine the classification result derived from SAE and the refined boundary derived from VV channel power image based on special density thresholding (SDT). Experiments were conducted on spaceborne fully polarimetric SAR images where both crude oil and biogenic slicks were presented on the sea surface.

Blending, Measuring, And Transporting Crude Oil/NGL Mixtures From Prudhoe Bay

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Earhart ◽  
F. Berto ◽  
R.W. Bucklin ◽  
B.A. Kemper ◽  
R.B. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Prudhoe Bay
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