High energy levels of 144Nd excited in the decay of 144Pm

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (19) ◽  
pp. 2189-2192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Barrette ◽  
S. Monaro ◽  
S. Santhanam ◽  
S. Markiza
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gamma Coincidence ◽  
Coincidence Measurements

Gamma–gamma coincidence measurements, carried out with a 7.6 cm × 7.6 cm NaI(Tl) crystal and a 30 cm3 Ge–Li detector, have been performed to look for excited states in 144Nd higher than the known level at 1789 keV. These measurements definitely establish the existence of a level at 2093.11 keV and suggest the placing of another level at 2204.74 keV. Furthermore, an E3 transition deexciting the 1510.14-keV level seems to be present.

scholarly journals The Use of Lasers in Dental Materials: A Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3370
Author(s):  
Emmanouil-George C. Tzanakakis ◽  
Evangelos Skoulas ◽  
Eudoxie Pepelassi ◽  
Petros Koidis ◽  
Ioannis G. Tzoutzas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Zirconia Ceramics ◽  
Material Management ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
Laser Devices ◽  
Exact Point

Lasers have been well integrated in clinical dentistry for the last two decades, providing clinical alternatives in the management of both soft and hard tissues with an expanding use in the field of dental materials. One of their main advantages is that they can deliver very low to very high concentrated power at an exact point on any substrate by all possible means. The aim of this review is to thoroughly analyze the use of lasers in the processing of dental materials and to enlighten the new trends in laser technology focused on dental material management. New approaches for the elaboration of dental materials that require high energy levels and delicate processing, such as metals, ceramics, and resins are provided, while time consuming laboratory procedures, such as cutting restorative materials, welding, and sintering are facilitated. In addition, surface characteristics of titanium alloys and high strength ceramics can be altered. Finally, the potential of lasers to increase the adhesion of zirconia ceramics to different substrates has been tested for all laser devices, including a new ultrafast generation of lasers.

Energy levels of ground and singly excited states of two-electron atoms in dense quantum plasmas

2021 ◽  
pp. 101420
Author(s):  
Yong Zhi Zhang ◽  
Li Guang Jiao ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Ai Hua Liu ◽  
Yew Kam Ho
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Quantum Plasmas

Energy Levels of Core-Excited States and Atomic Oscillator Strengths for Boron and Boron-like Ions (abstract)

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda A. Rahim ◽  
Beverly Karplus Hartline ◽  
Renee K. Horton ◽  
Catherine M. Kaicher
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Oscillator Strengths

High energy (He3,dproton stripping byAl27andSi28nuclei: Transitions to excited states

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Djaloeis ◽  
S. Gopal ◽  
J. Bojowald ◽  
W. Oelert ◽  
P. Turek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
High Energy

Effects of dietary energy levels on ovarian and uterine expression of IGF-1R and EGFR mRNA in prepubertal gilts

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Li Bo ◽  
Zhang He ◽  
Zhang Jing ◽  
Sun Bo-Xing ◽  
Chen Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Moderate Energy ◽  
Epidermal Growth

AbstractNine prepubertal gilts (JunMu No. 1) were randomly allocated into three groups (n=3) and fed with a high-energy diet (Group H), a low-energy diet (Group L), or a moderate-energy diet (Group M) for 14 days. Free access to water was provided throughout the research period. Ovaries and uteri were collected after the energy treatments, and processed for determination of the absolute quantities of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expression of IGF-1R and EGFR mRNA in ovaries and uteri was significantly ranked as: Group H>Group M>Group L (P<0.05). This result suggests that high energy intake markedly enhanced the ovarian and uterine expression of IGF-1R and EGFR in prepubertal gilts, whereas insufficient energy intake markedly inhibited such expression. IGF-1R and EGFR may be involved in mediating the effects of energy intake on the development of the reproductive system in prepubertal gilts.

In silico study of binding affinity of nitrogenous bicyclic heterocycles: fragment-to-fragment approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Yevheniia Velihina ◽  
Nataliya Obernikhina ◽  
Stepan Pilyo ◽  
Maryna Kachaeva ◽  
Oleksiy Kachkovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Electron System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Proton Donor ◽  
Stabilization Energy

The binding affinity of model aromatic amino acids and heterocycles and their derivatives condensed with pyridine were investigated in silico and are presented in the framework of fragment-to-fragment approach. The presented model describes interaction between pharmacophores and biomolecules. Scrupulous data analysis shows that expansion of the π-electron system by heterocycles annelation causes the shifting up of high energy levels, while the appearance of new the dicoordinated nitrogen atom is accompanied by decreasing of the donor-acceptor properties. Density Functional Theory (DFT) wB97XD/6-31(d,p)/calculations of π-complexes of the heterocycles 1-3 with model fragments of aromatic amino acids, which were formed by π-stack interaction, show an increase in the stabilization energy of π-complexes during the moving from phenylalanine to tryptophan. DFT calculation of pharmacophore complexes with model proton-donor amino acid by the hydrogen bonding mechanism (H-B complex) shows that stabilization energy (DE) increases from monoheterocycles to their condensed derivatives. The expansion of the π-electron system by introducing phenyl radicals to the oxazole cycle as reported earlier [18] leads to a decrease in the stabilization energy of the [Pharm-BioM] complexes in comparison with the annelated oxazole by the pyridine cycle.

Metabolic and energy correlates of intracellular pH in progressive fatigue of squid (L. brevis) mantle muscle

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (5) ◽  
pp. R1403-R1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Portner ◽  
E. Finke ◽  
P. G. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Critical Velocity ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
High Energy Phosphates ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Intracellular Acidosis ◽  
Model Calculations

Squid (Lolliguncula brevis) were exercised at increasing swimming speeds to allow us to analyze the correlated changes in intracellular metabolic, acid-base, and energy status of the mantle musculature. Beyond a critical swimming velocity of 1.5 mantle lengths/s, an intracellular acidosis developed that was caused by an initial base loss from the cells, the onset of respiratory acidification, and, predominantly, octopine formation. The acidosis was correlated with decreasing levels of phospho-L-arginine and, thus, supported ATP buffering at the expense of the phosphagen. Monohydrogenphosphate, the actual substrate of glycogen phosphorylase accumulated, enabling glycogen degradation, despite progressive acidosis. In addition to octopine, succinate, and glycerophosphate accumulation, the onset of acidosis characterizes the critical velocity and indicates the transition to a non-steady-state time-limited situation. Accordingly, swimming above the critical velocity caused cellular energy levels (in vivo Gibbs free energy change of ATP hydrolysis) to fall. A minimal value was reached at about -45 kJ/mol. Model calculations demonstrate that changes in free Mg2+ levels only minimally affect ATP free energy, but minimum levels are relevant in maintaining functional concentrations of Mg(2+)-complexed adenylates. Model calculations also reveal that phosphagen breakdown enabled L. brevis to reach swimming speeds about three times higher than the critical velocity. Comparison of two offshore squid species (Loligo pealei and Illex illecebrosus) with the estuarine squid L.brevis indicates that the latter uses a strategy to delay the exploitation of high-energy phosphates and protect energy levels at higher than the minimum levels (-42 kJ/mol) characterizing fatigue in the other species. A more economical use of anaerobic resources and an early reduction in performance may enable L. brevis to tolerate more extreme environmental conditions in shallow estuarine waters and even hypoxic environments and to prevent a fatal depletion of energy stores.

scholarly journals X-ray laser lines in nickel-like erbium

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 705-711
Author(s):  
Wessameldin S. Abdelaziz
Keyword(s):  
Ionization Potential ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Electron Densities ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Excited States

Energy levels of 249 excited levels in nickel-like erbium are calculated using the 3s23p63d10 as a ground state and the single electron excited states from n = 3 to n = 4, 5 orbitals, calculations have been performed using FAC code (Gu. Astrophys. J. 582, 1241 (2003). doi:10.1086/344745 ). The populations are calculated over electron densities from 1020 to 1023 cm−3 and electron temperatures 1/2, 3/4 of the ionization potential of Ni-like Er. The gain coefficients of the transitions are calculated.

The protein and energy nutrition of the pig. V. The effect of varying the protein and energy levels in the ‘finishing diets’ of heavy pigs

1965 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Large White ◽  
High Energy Level ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Carcass Measurement

1. A feeding trial was carried out using fortyeight Large White pigs, individually fed in a Danish type piggery. Six different diets prepared at two levels of digestible energy and three levels of crude protein were fed to eight replicates consisting of four hogs and four gilts per replicate. A record was maintained of the weekly live-weight gain and food was given at a defined restricted level in relation to the live weight. Carcass quality was assessed by complete dissection into visible lean, fat and bone etc.2. Of the main effects, energy, supply was without significant effect upon growth, food conversion efficiency (FCE) or any carcass characteristics except body length which was increased with a high energy level. The protein level in the diet had a significant effect upon the percentage of carcass lean and the killing-out percentage, the higher levels of protein increasing both these measurements significantly. Gilts were significantly superior to hogs in every carcass measurement although hogs grew significantly faster.

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