Mechanical Analysis of a Solar-Powered Solid State Engine

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tobushi ◽  
J.R. Gahoon
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Effect ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Nitinol Wire ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Solar Powered

The mechanical principle of a solar-powered solid state engine utilizing the shape-memory effect is analyzed. The performance of a differential pulley Nitinol engine is discussed and it is calculated that a small, solar-powered differential pulley Nitinol engine could produce up to 15W with a single Nitinol wire, A higher power solar Nitinol engine producing up to 15 kW is possible by using larger Nitinol wire, and over 1 MW may be expected by applying the higher power engine system. The size of the solar energy collector needed to generate mechanical energy via a Nitinol engine is estimated to be about 0.02 m2/W and the total efficiency of the engine predicted to be about 4%, The overall efficiency and economics of a solar-powered Nitinol engine should be in the same order as that of solar energy system utilizing the photovoltaic effect.

scholarly journals Review on Optimising Solar PV Efficiency by Using Tracking and Cooling System

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Anil Khatri ◽  
Prof. Nitin Tenguria
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel

The increasing energy demand, continuous drawback of the existing sources of fossil fuels and increasing concern about environmental pollution pushed researchers to explore new technologies for the production of electricity from clean sources, renewable such as solar, wind etc. Solar energy is the oldest primary source of energy. It is a source of clean, renewable energy and it is found in abundance in every part of the world. Using solar energy is possible to convert it into mechanical energy or electricity with adequate efficiency. In this paper of the present of principal of solar cell and the temperature effect. And the Information about the quality and amount of solar energy available at a specific location is of prime importance for the development of a solar energy system. However, the amount of electricity that is obtained is directly proportional to the intensity of sunlight falling on the photovoltaic panel.

scholarly journals Solar Powered Rice Puffing Machine

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 3003-3006
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Ozone Layer Depletion ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
Puffed Rice ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Solar Rays

Today our Earth is facing severe problems such as global warming, air pollution and ozone layer depletion etc. One of the reasons for this problem is increased usage of fossil fuel in the recent years by humans. The renewable source of energy hence turns out to be indispensable source of energy for the present and future generations. Solar energy is one of the renewable sources of energy which can be used for various applications. The newly designed rice puffing machine is likewise powered by solar energy. The solar powered rice puffing machine is designed and developed based on the general principle of rice puffing method. Solar rays are collected from open area using solar panels and used to charge the battery thus converting the solar energy into electricity which powers the rice puffing machine. The main aim of the project is to reduce the human effort and number of labours required involved in the rice puffing process. Mechanical energy of the motor is used to drive the shaft which is welded with mesh. The rotational movement of the shaft accomplishes the mixing of rice with hot sand to puff the rice. The electric blower flushes out the puffed rice. The heat energy required to heat the sand is provided by Bio-Gas operated burner.

scholarly journals TiO2 Nanotubes Architectures for Solar Energy Conversion

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 931
Author(s):  
Yin Xu ◽  
Giovanni Zangari
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Tio2 Nanotubes ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Photovoltaic Effect ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Electrochemical Anodization ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Electric Energy Storage ◽  
The Usa

Electromagnetic light from the Sun is the largest source, and the cleanest energy available to us; extensive efforts have been dedicated to developing science and engineering solutions in order to avoid the use of fossil fuels. Solar energy transforms photons into electricity via the photovoltaic effect, generating about 20 GW of energy in the USA in 2020, sufficient to power about 17 million households. However, sunlight is erratic, and technologies to store electric energy storage are unwieldy and relatively expensive. A better solution to store energy and to deliver this energy on demand is storage in chemical bonds: synthesizing fuels such as H2, methane, ethanol, and other chemical species. In this review paper we focus on titania (TiO2) nanotubes grown through electrochemical anodization and various modifications made to them to enhance conversion efficiency; these semiconductors will be used to implement the synthesis of H2 through water splitting. This document reviews selected research efforts on TiO2 that are ongoing in our group in the context of the current efforts worldwide. In addition, this manuscript is enriched by discussing the latest novelties in this field.

Feasibility, Sizing and Economic Analysis of Solar Energy System for Green Swinburne Campus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ashfaaq Riphque ◽  
Hadi Nabipour-Afrouzi ◽  
Chin-Leong Wooi ◽  
SanChuin Liew ◽  
Kamyar Mehranzamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Energy System

scholarly journals Solid-State Redox Kinetics of CeO2 in Two-Step Solar CH4 Partial Oxidation and Thermochemical CO2 Conversion

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 723
Author(s):  
Mahesh Muraleedharan Nair ◽  
Stéphane Abanades
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Co2 Conversion ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Redox Kinetics ◽  
Concentrated Solar Energy ◽  
Ceria Reduction ◽  
Kinetics Of

The CeO2/CeO2−δ redox system occupies a unique position as an oxygen carrier in chemical looping processes for producing solar fuels, using concentrated solar energy. The two-step thermochemical ceria-based cycle for the production of synthesis gas from methane and solar energy, followed by CO2 splitting, was considered in this work. This topic concerns one of the emerging and most promising processes for the recycling and valorization of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. The development of redox-active catalysts with enhanced efficiency for solar thermochemical fuel production and CO2 conversion is a highly demanding and challenging topic. The determination of redox reaction kinetics is crucial for process design and optimization. In this study, the solid-state redox kinetics of CeO2 in the two-step process with CH4 as the reducing agent and CO2 as the oxidizing agent was investigated in an original prototype solar thermogravimetric reactor equipped with a parabolic dish solar concentrator. In particular, the ceria reduction and re-oxidation reactions were carried out under isothermal conditions. Several solid-state kinetic models based on reaction order, nucleation, shrinking core, and diffusion were utilized for deducing the reaction mechanisms. It was observed that both ceria reduction with CH4 and re-oxidation with CO2 were best represented by a 2D nucleation and nuclei growth model under the applied conditions. The kinetic models exhibiting the best agreement with the experimental reaction data were used to estimate the kinetic parameters. The values of apparent activation energies (~80 kJ·mol−1 for reduction and ~10 kJ·mol−1 for re-oxidation) and pre-exponential factors (~2–9 s−1 for reduction and ~123–253 s−1 for re-oxidation) were obtained from the Arrhenius plots.

Feasibility Study of Solar Energy System at the University of North Dakota

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo K. Yesel ◽  
Jonathan J. Eslinger ◽  
Michael Nord ◽  
Daisy Flora Selvaraj ◽  
Prakash Ranganathan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Energy System ◽  
University Of North Dakota ◽  
The University
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