THE PREPARATION OF SODIUM CHLORIDE OF LARGE SPECIFIC SURFACE

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 448-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Craig ◽  
R. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Interfacial Free Energy ◽  
Moist Air ◽  
A Value ◽  
The One ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Fundamental Units

A procedure is outlined by which sodium chloride particles of specific surface up to 50 m2 per gm. may be prepared. The particles form in chains and are found to lose area rapidly in moist air. The fundamental units of the chain do not appear cubic. Single cubic particles or chains of cubic particles also have been prepared. The one sample identified as this type had a specific surface of 18 m2 per gm. The sintering in moist air appears to occur by a process of solution and recrystallization. A value of the interfacial free energy solid–liquid is calculated from the data.

ADSORPTION OF BENZENE AND ETHANOL UP TO HIGH RELATIVE PRESSURES ON FINELY DIVIDED SODIUM CHLORIDE: PART I. PARTICLE SIZE EFFECTS AND THE ADSORPTION OF BENZENE: PART II. THE LOWERING OF SURFACE FREE ENERGY BY ETHANOL

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1360-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Weiler ◽  
J. Beeckmans ◽  
R. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Convex Surface ◽  
Plane Surface ◽  
Saturated Vapor ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Interfacial Free Energy ◽  
Relative Pressure ◽  
Adsorption Data

Adsorption of benzene has been studied using four samples of fine sodium chloride. The range of relative pressures employed extended to 0.99. The data were employed to show that a correction to the relative pressure should be applied because of the curvature of the surface. The correction was made in the form of a reduction of the apparent relative pressure by application of the Kelvin equation, since the relative pressure over a convex surface would be less than over a plane surface. The adsorption data at high relative pressures for several samples of salt could then be represented by a common curve. It was further concluded that the thick-layer theory of adsorption due to Frenkel, Halsey, and Hill was applicable to adsorption on salt. Adsorption data for ethanol were then obtained and the reduction of surface free energy of the salt by the saturated vapor was evaluated. This figure was then combined with van Zeggeren's and Benson's value of the solid–liquid interfacial free energy for salt and ethanol to provide a provisional value of the surface free energy of sodium chloride of 227 ergs cm−2.

Quantitative Evaluation of the Interfacial Free Energies at A Solid-Liquid Lamellar Eutectic Interface

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Kaukler ◽  
J. W. Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Interfacial Free Energy ◽  
Eutectic System ◽  
Liquid Interfaces ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Interfacial Free Energies ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Solid Liquid

The solid-liquid interfacial free energies of each of the individual phases comprising the eutectic system, Carbon Tetrabromide-Hexachloroethane, were measured as a function of composition using a “grain boundary groove” technique. Thermodynamic data were combined with groove shape measurements made from high resolution optical photomicrographs of the solid-liquid interfaces to give the interfacial free energy data. An interfacial free energy balance at the eutectic trijunction was performed to obtain all the forces acting on that point. The three interphase interfacial free energies at the eutectic trijunctions as well as a solid-solid phase boundary torque were evaluated.It was found that the solid-liquid interfacial free energies of the two phases of the eutectic could be evaluated from photomicrographs of growing or stationary eutectic interfaces. In addition, it was found that for a substantial range of freezing conditions the eutectic interface shape can be predicted from a knowledge of the interfacial free energies alone.

Calculation of Liquid–Solid Interfacial Free Energy in Pb–Cu Binary Immiscible System

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1073-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-shan Li ◽  
Sheng-gang Zhou ◽  
Yong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Binary System ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Interfacial Free Energy ◽  
Theoretical Formula ◽  
Immiscible System ◽  
Energy Theory ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Solid Liquid

AbstractBased on the solid–liquid interfacial free energy theory of the complex Warren binary & pseudo-binary system and through the simplification of it by taking Pb–Cu binary system as an example, the physical model for it in binary immiscible system can be obtained. Next, its thermodynamic formula is derived to obtain a theoretical formula that only contains two parameters, and comparisons are made with regard to γSL calculated values and experimental values of MPE (multiphase equilibrium method) under several kinds of temperatures. As manifested in the outcomes, the improved physical model and theoretical formula will become not only easy to understand but also simple for calculation (the calculated value of γSL depends on two parameters, i.e. temperature and percentage composition of Cu atom). It can be treated as the foundation of application for the γSL calculation of liquid–solid interfacial free energy in other immiscible systems.

The equilibrium shapes of small liquid droplets in solid–liquid phase mixtures: metallic h.c.p. and metalloid systems

1969 ◽  
Vol 312 (1509) ◽  
pp. 257-276 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Interfacial Free Energy ◽  
Interfacial Structure ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Liquid Interfaces ◽  
Spherical Droplet ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Interfacial Energies ◽  
Equilibrium Shapes ◽  
Solid Liquid

Solid–liquid interfacial free energy is shown to be highly anisotropic in alloys of some h. c. p. metals and of two metalloids. This anisotropy is evaluated from a study of the equilibrium shapes of small droplets of alloy liquid entrained within solid grains. Factors affecting the attainment of equilibrium in such droplets are considered, and γ -plots are obtained for solid–liquid interfaces in the h. c. p. metals zinc and cadmium. In the magnesium alloys studied, spherical droplet shapes were observed, indicative of essentially isotropic interfacial energies. Droplet shapes were also analysed in some alloys of bismuth and of antimony. The results are related to current ideas of solid–liquid interfacial structure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document