Probiotic bacteria as potential detoxification tools: assessing their heavy metal binding isotherms

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 877-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fandi Ibrahim ◽  
Teemu Halttunen ◽  
Raija Tahvonen ◽  
Seppo Salminen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Binding Isotherms ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Dietary exposure to heavy metals may have detrimental effects on human and animal health, even at low concentrations. Specific probiotic bacteria may have properties that enable them to bind toxins from food and water. We assessed the interaction of probiotic bacteria with cadmium and lead in vitro as an initial screening step to identify strains for heavy metal decontamination in food and intestinal models. Binding isotherms for cadmium and lead were characterized for Lactobacillus rhamnosus LC-705, Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii JS and a mix of them used by the food industry. Differences among the strains and their combinations in binding performance at a range of concentrations between 0.1 and 100 mg·L–1 were evaluated with the Langmuir model for biosorption. The effects of pH, contact time, and viability on the binding capacities were also investigated. All strains and their combinations were found to bind cadmium and lead efficiently at low concentration ranges commonly observed in foods. However, the two strains and their combinations differed significantly in their maximum binding capacities and affinities represented by the Langmuir constants Qmax and b, respectively. The binding seemed to occur instantaneously and in a pH-dependent manner, which can be perfectly described by a segmented linear–plateau model.Key words: probiotics, cadmium, lead, binding, Langmuir.

Aflatoxin B1 Binding by a Mixture of Lactobacillus and Propionibacterium: In Vitro Versus Ex Vivo

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2470-2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. GRATZ ◽  
H. MYKKÄNEN ◽  
H. EL-NEZAMI
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Tissue Uptake ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Intestinal Mucus ◽  
Food And Feed

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a well-known carcinogen and reducing its bioavailability is of great interest for human and animal health. Several probiotic bacteria are able to bind AFB1 in vitro, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus LC-705 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii JS. A mixture of these two probiotics is used by the food and feed industry as biopreservative (Bioprofit), making it a promising candidate for future applications. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the in vitro and ex vivo ability of this probiotic mixture to bind AFB1. For in vitro experiments, probiotic mixture was suspended in an AFB1 solution (5 μM), incubated for 1 to 30 min, centrifuged, and AFB1 residues were quantitated in supernatant and pellet. For ex vivo experiments, duodenal loops of chicks were ligated and injected with either AFB1 solution alone or probiotic mixture suspension and AFB1 solution. Lumen content was centrifuged and AFB1 was quantitated in supernatant and pellet. Additionally, AFB1 was extracted from duodenal tissue to calculate tissue uptake. In vitro, 57 to 66% of AFB1 was removed from the solution by the probiotic mixture, but only 38 to 47% could be extracted from the bacterial surface. In ex vivo experiments, only up to 25% of AFB1 was bound by bacteria, and tissue uptake of AFB1 was significantly reduced when probiotic bacteria were present in the duodenal loop. Furthermore, the effect of intestinal mucus on the bacterial binding ability was investigated in vitro and was found to significantly reduce AFB1 binding by the probiotic mixture. However, probiotic mixture could only retard but not prevent AFB1 absorption in duodenal loops. Further work needs to assess the potential of probiotics in different experimental setups.

scholarly journals Intestinal Mucus Alters the Ability of Probiotic Bacteria To Bind Aflatoxin B1 In Vitro

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 6306-6308 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gratz ◽  
H. Mykkänen ◽  
A. C. Ouwehand ◽  
R. Juvonen ◽  
S. Salminen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Surface Binding ◽  
Intestinal Mucus ◽  
Aflatoxin B ◽  
Strain Dependent

ABSTRACT Several probiotics are known to bind aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) to their surfaces and to adhere to intestinal mucus. In this study, preincubation of two probiotic preparations with either AFB1 or mucus reduced the subsequent surface binding of mucus and AFB1, respectively, in a strain-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Adherence of Probiotic Bacteria to Human Intestinal Mucus in Healthy Infants and during Rotavirus Infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Juntunen ◽  
P. V. Kirjavainen ◽  
A. C. Ouwehand ◽  
S. J. Salminen ◽  
E. Isolauri
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Intestinal Mucus ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

ABSTRACT The concentration of fecal mucin and the adhesion of specific probiotics and their combinations in the intestinal mucus of infants during and after rotavirus diarrhea and in healthy children were determined. Mucus was prepared from fecal samples from 20 infants during and after rotavirus diarrhea and from 10 healthy age-matched children. Mucin concentration was determined, and the adhesion of five probiotics—Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus casei Shirota, Lactobacillus paracasei F19,Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5, and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12—and their combinations was tested in vitro. The mean concentrations of fecal mucin during and after rotavirus diarrhea, 15.2 and 14.1 mg/g, were comparable to that in healthy children, 14.9 mg/g. The adherence of probiotics ranged from 1 to 34% in healthy subjects as indicated for the following strains: L. rhamnosus GG, 34%; B. lactis Bb12, 31%; L. acidophilus LA5, 4%; L. paracasei F19, 3%; and L. caseiShirota, 1% (P = 0.0001). The distinctive pattern of probiotic adherence was not influenced by rotavirus diarrhea. The adhesion of Bb12 in the presence of GG increased from 31 to 39% in healthy infants (P = 0.018) and in episodes of diarrhea increased from 26 to 44% (P = 0.001). Rotavirus diarrhea does not decrease the production of fecal mucin or with respect to the adhesion of probiotic bacteria tested in vitro. Combination of specific probiotic strains may enhance adherence in a synergistic manner. Optimal clinical application of these interactions may offer novel therapeutic guidelines for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal infections.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Evaluation of a Zinc Gluconate-Based Chemical Sterilant Using In Vitro and In Silico Approaches

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos F. Araujo-Lima ◽  
Rafael J. M. Nunes ◽  
Raphael M. Carpes ◽  
Claudia A. F. Aiub ◽  
Israel Felzenszwalb
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Zinc Gluconate ◽  
Sclerosing Agents ◽  
Toxicological Activity

Sclerosing agents as zinc gluconate-based chemical sterilants (Infertile®) are used for chemical castration. This solution is injected into the animal testis, but there are not enough evidences of its safety profiles for the receivers. The present work aimed to establish the pharmacokinetics and toxicological activity of Infertile, using in vitro and in silico approaches. The evaluation at the endpoint showed effects in a dose-dependent manner. Since necrosis is potentially carcinogenic, the possible cell death mechanism could be apoptosis. Our data suggested that Infertile at 60 mM presented risk for animal health. Even though Infertile is a licensed product by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, it presented a high mutagenic potential. We suggest that the optimal dose must be less than 6 mM, once, at this concentration, no mutagenicity or genotoxicity was observed.

The effect of tannic acid on bone mechanical and geometric properties, bone density, and trabecular histomorphometry as well as the morphology of articular and growth cartilages in rats co-exposed to cadmium and lead is dose dependent

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 855-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Tomaszewska ◽  
Piotr Dobrowolski ◽  
Anna Winiarska-Mieczan ◽  
Małgorzata Kwiecień ◽  
Siemowit Muszyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Bone Parameters ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Pb Concentration

Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are toxic elements that accumulate to the largest extent in bones. Rats were used to investigate whether tannic acid (TA; 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%. 2.0%, or 2.5%) would have a protective effect on the structure and properties of bones in the case of exposure to Cd and Pb (diet: 7 mg Cd/kg and 50 mg Pb/kg) for 6 weeks. The effects of administration of TA in Cd- and Pb-poisoned rats on bone characteristics and the morphology of articular and growth cartilages were determined. All the rats administered Cd and Pb had an enhanced Cd and Pb concentration in blood plasma and bone and reduced bone Ca content irrespective of the TA administration. Cd and Pb alone reduced the mechanical endurance and histomorphometric parameters of trabecular bone and the thickness of the growth plate and articular cartilage. Tannic acid improved cancellous bone parameters in the rat exposed to Cd and Pb. A diet rich in TA improved articular cartilage constituents in heavy metal-poisoned rats. These results suggest that alimentary TA supplementation can counteract in a dose-dependent manner some of the destructive changes evoked by Cd and Pb possibly by reducing the exposure.

Heavy metal contamination of animal feedstuffs – a new survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Elliott ◽  
A. Frio ◽  
T. Jarman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
The Eu

SummaryContamination of feedstuffs and ingredients with heavy metals poses a major problem for animal health and the transmission of toxic substances within the human food chain, as these elements can be accumulated into meat, egg and milk products. This paper reports on the levels of the three metals, arsenic, cadmium and lead, that exceed EU permitted levels, within premixes and complete feeds (total of 3417 samples) destined for a variety of animal species and taken from different countries during the period 2009–2016. For this period, 20% of all samples were contaminated at levels above the EU limit. In complete feed, ruminants were at the highest risk of exposure with 47% of samples being contaminated. Lead posed the major risk for minerals and cadmium posed the highest risk for premixes during the sampling period. When compared by country, contamination levels varied widely, with the highest contamination determined for Canada with 50% of samples being above the EU limit. To mitigate problems with heavy metals in animal feeds, due diligence in terms of sampling and testing is a necessary tool to evaluate level of risk. Research has shown that trace minerals can be sources of these heavy metals so the industry should be more diligent regarding their provider's quality guarantees. In addition, feeds identified with contamination should not be fed to animals to ensure that these heavy metal toxins are not passed into edible food products, thus providing safety in the food chain.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus rhamnosus Interferes with Candida albicans Adherence and Biofilm Formation: A Potential Alternative Treatment of Candidiasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ribeiro FC ◽  
◽  
Barros PP ◽  
Jorge AOC ◽  
Iglesias MC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Potential Use

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, on different preparations (living lactobacilli, dead by heat lactobacilli and supernatant of lactobacilli suspension), to interfere with Candida albicans adherence to ephitelial cells and biofilm formation. The results showed a reduction of 66.2% in the number of Candida cells adhered to epithelial cells, when the suspension of living L. rhamnosus was used. On the same way, this suspension reduced the in vitro biofim formation by C. albicans. In conclusion, the suspension with living cells of L. rhamnosus was able to reduce the ability of C. albicans to adhere on ephitelial cells and to form biofilm, suggesting a potential use of this probiotic bacteria as a therapeutic agent in candidiasis.

scholarly journals Immobilization of cadmium and lead by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 mitigates apical-to-basolateral heavy metal translocation in a Caco-2 model of the intestinal epithelium

Gut Microbes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan A. Daisley ◽  
Marc Monachese ◽  
Mark Trinder ◽  
Jordan E. Bisanz ◽  
John A. Chmiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Metal Translocation ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

scholarly journals Protective effect of probiotic bacteria against cadmium-induced genotoxicity in rat hepatocytes in vivo and in vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 1197-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Jama ◽  
Dragana Mitic-Culafic ◽  
S. Kolarevic ◽  
Sinisa Djurasevic ◽  
Jelena Knezevic-Vukcevic
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The protective effect of probiotic bacteria against cadmium (Cd)-induced genotoxicity was studied in rat hepatocytes in vivo and in vitro. Male Wistar rats, Rattus norvegicus, were treated for five weeks with (i) CdCl2 (70 ppm in the drinking water), (ii) a mixture of lyophilized probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. acidophilus and Bifido-bacterium longum (5?108 cfu/g of food), or (iii) CdCl2 and probiotic bacteria. In addition, single cells obtained from the untreated rat liver were exposed to CdCl2 (70 ppm), probiotic bacteria (1.28 mg/ml), or CdCl2 and probiotic bacteria, for 15 min at 22?C in the dark. The level of Cd-induced DNA damage in hepatocytes was determined by the comet assay. The obtained results show that probiotic bacteria significantly reduced Cd-induced genotoxicity, both in vivo and in vitro (20% and 48%, respectively). Moreover, the toxicity of Cd to lactobacilli in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats was significantly decreased in the probiotic-treated animals. The binding of Cd2+ to probiotic bacteria was proposed as the most probable protection mechanism.

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