Distinguishing isolates of Deladenus siricidicola, a biological control agent of Sirex noctilio, from North America and the Southern Hemisphere using PCR–RFLP

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1173-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Leal ◽  
B. Foord ◽  
C. Davis ◽  
P. de Groot ◽  
X.O. Mlonyeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Sirex Noctilio ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
The North ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Deladenus Siricidicola ◽  
Key Questions

The woodwasp Sirex noctilio Fabricius, along with its obligate symbiotic fungus Amylostereum areolatum (Chaillet ex Fr.) Boidin, is amongst the most damaging invasive species to many commercial pine plantations. The most effective biocontrol agent for management of this woodwasp has been the nematode Deladenus siricidicola Bedding. Before this agent can be used in North America, answering key questions about its interaction with native siricids and other strains of the nematode is essential, as would be the need to track its spread after release. The aim of this study was to develop tools to differentiate between the North American D. siricidicola isolates and the Southern Hemisphere Kamona strain of this species. We sequenced a region from ribosomal DNA and the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and developed a PCR–RFLP method based on a single nucleotide polymorphism flanking a microsatellite sequence. These markers will be useful for science-based operational biocontrol of S. noctilio.

scholarly journals Extreme homozygosity in Southern Hemisphere populations of Deladenus siricidicola, a biological control agent of Sirex noctilio

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Osmond Mlonyeni ◽  
Brenda D. Wingfield ◽  
Michael J. Wingfield ◽  
Rodrigo Ahumada ◽  
Paula Klasmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Sirex Noctilio ◽  
Deladenus Siricidicola

scholarly journals Efficacy of Kamona strain Deladenus siricidicola nematodes for biological control of Sirex noctilio in North America and hybridisation with invasive conspecifics

NeoBiota ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Tonya D. Bittner ◽  
Nathan Havill ◽  
Isis A.L. Caetano ◽  
Ann E. Hajek
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
High Rate ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Control Strain ◽  
Sirex Noctilio ◽  
Parasitism Rates

Sirexnoctilio is an invasive woodwasp that, along with its symbiotic fungus, has killed pine trees (Pinus spp.) in North America and in numerous countries in the Southern Hemisphere. We tested a biological control agent in North America that has successfully controlled S.noctilio in Oceania, South Africa, and South America. Deladenussiricidicola nematodes feed on the symbiotic white rot fungus Amylostereumareolatum and can switch to being parasitic on S.noctilio. When parasitic, the Kamona nematode strain can sterilise the eggs of S.noctilio females. However, in North America, a different strain of D.siricidicola (NA), presumably introduced along with the woodwasp, parasitises but does not sterilise S.noctilio. We tested the sterilising Kamona biological control strain of D.siricidicola against S.noctilio in North America. Interactions between the biological control strain and the NA strain could include competitive exclusion, co-infection within hosts or hybridisation. We reared D.siricidicola Kamona on an A.areolatum strain native to North America (IGS-BE) and another strain (IGS-BDF) used commercially to mass-produce the nematode in Australia. We inoculated Kamona reared on either strain of A.areolatum into logs infested with S.noctilio larvae and compared parasitism rates against control logs. Individual nematodes were isolated from S.noctilio hemocoels and from sterilised eggs and were genotyped with eight microsatellite loci. A high rate of parasitisation of S.noctilio by D.siricidicolaNA was found for all treatments and we found evidence of both co-infection and hybridisation. Surprisingly, sterilisation rates were not related to the rates of parasitisation by D.siricidicola Kamona.

scholarly journals Silvicultural Options to Reduce Pine Susceptibility to Attack by a Newly Detected Invasive Species, Sirex noctilio

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Dodds ◽  
Robert R. Cooke ◽  
Daniel W. Gilmore
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Sirex Noctilio ◽  
Stand Management ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Growing Conditions

Abstract A nonnative woodwasp of Eurasian origin, Sirex noctilio F., was detected recently in Oswego, New York, infesting Scots, red, and white pine. S. noctilio has caused periodic widespread losses of pine timber resources in several Southern Hemisphere countries and may cause significant damage in pure even-aged stands and overstocked plantations in North America. However, stand management and biological control programs have successfully managed S. noctilio populations in other countries and similar programs are being developed for North America. Until the primary biological control agent, Beddingia siricidicola, a parasitic nematode, is established in North America, forest owners will have to rely solely on silvicultural treatments to reduce the susceptibility of at-risk pine stands to S. noctilio attack. Silvicultural treatments including precommercial thinning, promoting optimal growing conditions for pines on a given site, reducing numbers of susceptible hosts, and consistent monitoring of stands are suggested activities to help protect pine stands from invasion by S. noctilio.

scholarly journals A Study on the Phylogeny of the Dyer's Woad Rust Fungus and Other Species of Puccinia from Crucifers

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley R. Kropp ◽  
Dane R. Hansen ◽  
Paul G. Wolf ◽  
Karen M. Flint ◽  
Sherman V. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family

The identity of a Puccinia species occurring on the introduced weed dyer's woad (Isatis tinctoria) was studied using sequences from the internal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. The relationship of this fungus to other Puccinia species occurring on the family Brassicaceae in Europe and North America was examined, and we tested the hypothesis that P. thlaspeos and P. monoica are correlated species. The data suggest that the Puccinia species from dyer's woad is closely related to the North American species P. consimilis and may be derived from an indigenous strain of P. consimilis that switched hosts. Thus, the Puccinia species from dyer's woad is probably native to North America and is unlikely to cause disease epidemics on indigenous plants if used as a biological control agent against dyer's woad. P. thlaspeos appears to be polyphyletic and, therefore, P. thlaspeos and P. monoica do not appear to be correlated species. Additional DNA sequence data will be needed to clarify further the phylogeny of Puccinia species on the family Brassicaceae.

scholarly journals First Report of Phragmidium violaceum Infecting Himalaya and Evergreen Blackberries in North America

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Osterbauer ◽  
A. Trippe ◽  
K. French ◽  
T. Butler ◽  
M. C. Aime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
First Report ◽  
Official Report

Phragmidium violaceum occurs on several species of Rubus, including R. armeniacus, R. fruticosus agg., and R. laciniatus, in Europe, South Africa, Iran, and Iraq, and has been introduced as a biological control agent for invasive blackberries in Australia, New Zealand, and Chile. To our knowledge, this is the first official report of P. violaceum infecting Himalaya and evergreen blackberries in North America. Accepted for publication 16 September 2005. Published 23 September 2005.

ESTABLISHMENT OF ACERIA MALHERBAE (ACARI: ERIOPHYIDAE) AS A BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT FOR FIELD BINDWEED (CONVOLVULACEAE) IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS

1999 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. McClay ◽  
J.L. Littlefield ◽  
J. Kashefi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
The North ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Field Bindweed ◽  
Gall Mite

AbstractA European gall mite, Aceria malherbae Nuzzaci, was released and established in southern Alberta and Montana as a biological control agent for field bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis L. (Convolvulaceae). Populations of the mite survived for up to 4 years at some sites and caused slight to severe damage to the weed. The establishment of A. malherbae in these areas suggests that it could be established throughout the North American range of field bindweed.

Seasonal abundance and synchrony between Laricobius nigrinus (Coleoptera: Derodontidae) and its prey, the hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M.G. Zilahi-Balogh ◽  
L.M. Humble ◽  
A.B. Lamb ◽  
S.M. Salom ◽  
L.T. Kok
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Adelges Tsugae ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Laricobius Nigrinus

AbstractLaricobius nigrinus Fender, native to the Pacific Northwest, is being evaluated as a potential biological control agent of the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand, in the eastern United States. Members of the genus Laricobius feed exclusively on adelgids. Adelges tsugae is found on hemlocks (Tsuga sp.) in North America and Asia, but is considered only a pest of eastern [Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière] and Carolina (Tsuga caroliniana Engelmann) hemlocks in eastern North America. This is the first detailed study of the life history of L. nigrinus and its interaction with A. tsugae. Results of a 2-year field study conducted in a seed orchard in British Columbia on the seasonal abundance of L. nigrinus and its prey, A. tsugae, revealed that (i) the sistens generation of A. tsugae matures 2-3 months earlier than previously reported in Virginia and Connecticut, (ii) no A. tsugae sexuparae were observed, which differs from findings in Virginia and Connecticut, (iii) L. nigrinus adults undergo an aestival diapause that coincides with diapausing first instar A. tsugae sistens, and (iv) oviposition and subsequent larval development of L. nigrinus coincides with oviposition by the A. tsugae sistens adults, indicating good synchrony between L. nigrinus and suitable prey stages of A. tsugae.

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