Prediction of long-term growth rates of larch clones by calorimetric measurement of metabolic heat rates

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 606-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Hansen ◽  
E. A. Lewis ◽  
D. J. Eatough ◽  
D. P. Fowler ◽  
R. S. Criddle
Keyword(s):  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Calorimetric Measurement ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Metabolic Heat Rate

A linear correlation exists between long-term growth rates and calorimetrically measured metabolic heat rates in some clones of larch (Larixlaricina (Du Roi) K. Koch). The metabolic heat rate per gram of tissue was found to be highly variable among clones from different trees and reproducible for clones of the same tree. The ordering of metabolic rates for clones was shown to be independent of the physiological growth stage in which the measurements were made. Winter-hardened tissue was found to be immediately active on warming to room temperature.

Selection for biomass production based on respiration parameters in eucalypts: effects of origin and growth climates on growth rates

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1556-1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thimmappa S. Anekonda ◽  
Richard S. Criddle ◽  
Lee D. Hansen ◽  
Mike Bacca
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
Metabolic Heat Rate ◽  
Different Climates

Seventeen Eucalyptus species and 30 rapid-growing Eucalyptuscamaldulensis trees (referred to as plus trees), growing in a plantation were studied to examine relationships among measured plant growth and respiratory parameters, geographical origins, and growth climate. The respiratory parameters measured at two different temperatures by isothermal calorimetry were metabolic heat rate, rate of CO2 production, and the ratio of heat rate to CO2 rate. Metabolic heat rate was also measured as a continuous function of temperature by differential scanning calorimetry in the range of 10 to 40 °C. Tree growth was measured as rates of height and stem volume growth. The values of respiratory and growth variables of Eucalyptus species are significantly correlated with latitude and altitude of origin of their seed sources. The maximum metabolic heat rate, the temperature of the maximum heat rate, the temperature coefficients of metabolic rate, and the temperatures at which the slopes of Arrhenius plots change are all genetically determined parameters that vary both within and among species. Measurement of growth rate–respiration rate–temperature relationships guide understanding of why relative growth rates of Eucalyptus species and individual genotypes differ with climate, making it possible to identify genotypes best suited for rapid growth in different climates. The temperature dependence of respiration rates is an important factor determining relative growth rates of eucalypts in different climates. To achieve optimum biomass production the temperature dependence of individual plants must be matched to growth climate.

The effect of high temperature and salt on the metabolic heat rate of Chlorella cells

1998 ◽  
Vol 309 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 129-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.L. Loseva ◽  
A.Ju. Alyabyev ◽  
G.G. Rachimova ◽  
R.I. Estrina
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Metabolic Heat Rate

Calorimetric evidence for site-adapted biosynthetic metabolism in coast redwood (Sequoiasempervirens)

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thimmappa S. Anekonda ◽  
Richard S. Criddle ◽  
W.J. Libby
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Metabolic Heat Rate

Uses of recently available calorimetry technology are explored for measurement of metabolic activity–temperature relations in coast redwoods (Sequoiasempervirens (D. Don) Endl.). These redwoods were collected from different parts of the native range and grown in a common-garden plantation. Analysis of metabolic activity from 10 to 55 °C was used to examine site adaptedness of respiratory metabolism in 16 representative clones of coast redwood. Apparent activation energies changed markedly over the range 12–52 °C, but the patterns of change were similar for clones from five geographical regions and thus appear to be general for the species. However, high-temperature stability, the temperature of peak activity, and the peak metabolic heat rate differed substantially among samples from the five regions. Additional variability in high temperature stability and the temperature of peak activity was measured between trees from the same stands within regions. We suggest that the observed regional and clonal variations in high-temperature stability, the temperature of peak activity, and the peak metabolic heat rate are biologically meaningful. These may be used both to understand the adaptive architecture of coast redwood and to select clones likely to be adapted to particular sites or defined ranges of sites.

scholarly journals 414 The Effect of Water Availability on Rose Photosynthesis and Calorespirometric Properties

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 515C-515
Author(s):  
M. Raviv ◽  
J.H. Lieth ◽  
D.W. Burger
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
The Media ◽  
Metabolic Heat Rate ◽  
Water Tension ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Destructive

Rose plants (cv. Kardinal, grafted on Natal Brier) were grown in UC mix (42% fir bark, 33% peat, and 25% sand) and in coir. Water tension in the media was maintained within a predetermined narrow range using electronic tensiometers. Whole plant net photosynthesis as a function of the water tension in the medium was determined and the results were later normalized to measured leaf area. Simultaneous measurements of metabolic heat and respiration rate were carried out on detached young (FW = 10-20 mg.) leaflet samples, using differential scanning calorimeter (model 4100, Calorimetry Sciences, Provo, Utah). Only a small amount of plant material is removed for analyses so the assay is essentially non-destructive for the whole plant. Physical characteristics of the media greatly affect the relationship between water tension and water availability to plants. At similar tension values, water availability is much lower in coir than in UC mix. The effects of water availability on net photosynthesis, metabolic heat rate, and respiration will be discussed in relation to their effect on productivity.

Simultaneous measurement of metabolic heat rate, CO2 production, and O2 consumption by microcalorimetry

1991 ◽  
Vol 194 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Criddle ◽  
A.J. Fontana ◽  
D.R. Rank ◽  
D. Paige ◽  
L.D. Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Metabolic Heat Rate

Selection for biomass production based on respiration parameters in eucalypts: acclimation of growth and respiration to changing growth temperature

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1569-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Criddle ◽  
T.S. Anekonda ◽  
R.M. Sachs ◽  
R.W. Breidenbach ◽  
L.D. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Respiration Parameters

This paper examines the relation between respiratory physiology and growth rate and the effects of environment on this relation for the purpose of developing means for accelerating and improving selection of trees for biomass production. The relations among biomass production, respiratory metabolism, and growth temperature in controlled environments were determined for three Eucalyptus genotypes (clones). Eucalyptuscamaldulensis 4016, E. camaldulensis C11, and Eucalyptusgundal (Eucalyptusgunnii × Eucalyptusdalrympleana hybrid) GD1 were selected for this study because of known qualitative differences in their field growth responses to temperature. These clones were grown in controlled environments at three temperatures. Measurements were made of growth rate, metabolic heat rate, and dark CO2 production rate for plants grown at each of the three temperatures. This allowed determination of respiration rates of plants originally adapted for growth in different climates, but acclimated during growth at three different controlled temperatures, and also determination of respiration changes resulting from short-term changes in temperature. Growth rates of the three clones differed in their patterns of response to changes in growth temperature. For example, C11 grew most rapidly at the highest temperature, while GD1 was slowest at high temperature. Metabolic rates and the temperature dependence of metabolic rates of the clones differed and the pattern of differences changed when plants became acclimated to growth at different temperatures. Changes in metabolic properties of the three clones with growth and measurement temperatures are consistent with the growth rate changes. In general, increased growth rate was accompanied by increased respiration rate measured either as heat rate or as rate of CO2 production. Growth rates were inversely related to two measures of metabolic energy use efficiency. Growth rates decreased as values of heat loss per gram dry weight produced and values of heat loss per mole of CO2 produced increased. Recognition of these relations between growth rate and respiration parameters at different temperatures in controlled environement may allow prediction of relative growth rate performance of Eucalyptus clones over a range of growth climates.

Metabolic heat rate and respiratory substrate changes in aging potato slices

2000 ◽  
Vol 349 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce N Smith ◽  
Lee D Hansen ◽  
R.William Breidenbach ◽  
Richard S Criddle ◽  
D.R Rank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Rate ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Metabolic Heat Rate ◽  
Potato Slices

Comparative Labelling and Biokinetic Studies of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc-DTPA(Sn)

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Agha ◽  
R. B. R. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Reduction Step ◽  
Labelling Yield ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Kinetics Of

SummaryGelchromatography column scanning has been used to study the fractions of 99mTc-pertechnetate, 99mTcchelate and reduced hydrolyzed 99mTc in preparations of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). The labelling yield of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) chelate was as high as 90—95% when 100 μmol EDTA · H4 and 0.5 (Amol SnCl2 was incubated with 10 ml 99mTceluate for 30—60 min at room temperature. The study of the influence of the pH-value on the fraction of 99mTc-EDTA shows that pH 2.8—2.9 gave the best labelling yield. In a comparative study of the labelling kinetics of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc- DTPA(Sn) at different temperatures (7, 22 and 37°C), no significant influence on the reduction step was found. The rate constant for complex formation, however, increased more rapidly with increased temperature for 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). At room temperature only a few minutes was required to achieve a high labelling yield with 99mTc-DTPA(Sn) whereas about 60 min was required for 99mTc-EDTA(Sn). Comparative biokinetic studies in rabbits showed that the maximum activity in kidneys is achieved after 12 min with 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) but already after 6 min with 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). The long-term disappearance of 99mTc-DTPA(Sn) from the kidneys is about five times faster than that for 99mTc-EDTA(Sn).

The Reproduction Vector of the Russian Economy: 1999-2007

2008 ◽  
pp. 94-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Developed Countries

The problem of the Russian economy’s growth rates is considered in the article in the context of Russia’s backwardness regarding GDP per capita in comparison with the developed countries. The author stresses the urgency of modernization of the real sector of the economy and the recovery of the country’s human capital. For reaching these goals short- or mid-term programs are not sufficient. Economic policy needs a long-term (15-20 years) strategy, otherwise Russia will be condemned to economic inertia and multiplying structural disproportions.

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